农村教育投入体制变迁30年：回顾与前瞻

改革开放30年以来,我国农村教育投入体制历经“两条腿走路”、“分级办学”、“以县为主”和“省级统筹”等多次演变。其中,财政投入重心变化所呈现出来的“U型”路径,正是宏观的政治、行政和财政体制演进以及政府间博弈等多重因素相互作用下的结果。而要确保农村教育发展所必需的充足经费投入,就应在大力构建宏观公共财政体制的同时,进一步完善和强化微观层面的财政监督与财务管理制度。     

2017级护理专业《药物学基础》试卷分析与教学思考

目的:通过对2017级护理专业《药物学基础》期末考试试卷进行质量分析,为以后的教学改革和考试命题提供依据。方法:对116份重庆市永川区某卫生学校2017级护理专业《药物学基础》的期末考试试卷进行回顾性分析。结果:学生考试成绩为45.0—95.0分,平均(71.7±11.2)分;及格率87.07%;试卷总体信度0.79;试卷难度系数为0.72;区分度为0.31。结论:考试成绩呈近似正态分布,试卷总体难度适中,试卷信度和区分度较好,成绩的及格率高,但也存在学生成绩分布不合理的问题,仍需进一步完善教学方法来提高平均分。     

计算机网络开放式实验教学与创新实践能力的培养

开放式实验教学是实验教学体系的一种创新,已成为国内外众多院校的一种教学模式,它对学生的实践能力与创新能力的培养起到了重要的作用。结合计算机网络方面课程的实验教学,总结和探索了如何在计算机网络方向培养学生的工程实践能力和创新能力的一些做法,提出一种实验教学整合的思想,将计算机网络基础实验项目、计算机网络工程实验项目和网络管理实验项目整合起来,形成一个连贯性的实验过程。并重点介绍了一些计算机网络综合性和创新性实验项目的设计思路,对开放式实验教学做出积极的探索。     

What makes learners a good fit for hybrid learning? Learning competences as predictors of experience and satisfaction in hybrid learning space

Compared with fully face-to-face or online learning environments, implementation of hybrid learning spaces is costly given the spaces making all learning options available for learners. Therefore, decisions on investments in hybrid learning are critical for institutions. Satisfaction and experience of learners is one of the important indicators for assessing the cost-effectiveness of learning space implementation; thus, predictions of learners' satisfaction and experience can inform institutions' decision making on learning space investments. Moreover, learning competences are found correlated with learners' satisfaction and experience in general and e-learning settings. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring predictive learning competences for hybrid learners' experience and satisfaction. A hybrid learning space was built upon a proposed model at Shanghai Open University. 211 students’ learning competences and their satisfaction and experience in the hybrid learning space were examined. The results showed that except cognitive engagement competence, most predictive competences were not significantly associated with hybrid learners' satisfaction and experience. The findings indicated that since hybrid learning keeps all options available, to experience satisfying learning, students need not have certain competences but cognitive engagement competence, which is correlated with learners' cognitive ability to figure out the right mix of learning options.     

从早期江南三书院看书院教育、科举制度的互动关系

早期鼎峙江南三书院,尤其是东佳书堂(义山书院),乃我国早期书院发展的规范化的标本。早期书院始终普遍存在修德(家传教义)应试(期取青紫)的双重使命,书院教育与科举制度是有相互补充和相互促进的作用。     

远程开放教育教与学的实践与思考--对2001春开放教育教学检查的反思

对远程开放教育教与学模式的探讨,有助于及时发现开放教育试点中存在的问题,纠正工作中的偏差和失误,以便使试点工作健康顺利运行.     

我国对外投资的战略选择

发展对外投资是经济全球化发展趋势的客观要求,也是我国多年经济飞速发展、经济实力大为增强后的必然趋势。开展对外投资有利于加强与世界各国的经济联系和发展,有利于充分利用国外的市场和资源,为实现我国产业结构的升级创造有利的条件。     

也谈素质教育

学生的能力和创造性是我国教育的核心问题，理清素质教育与减负、能力、创造性等诸多方面的关系对于我国21世纪的教育具有头等重要的意义。形式上的减负不会有利于孩子们的能力、创造性的培养，因为竞争是绝对的。素质教育是一个复杂的系统工程，关键是如何调整竞争的时间表，改革我国的教育教学体制以及转变我们的教育观念。从制度上寻找根源，这才是素质教育的中心。     

Effects of Conceptual Change and Traditional Confirmatory Simulations on Pre-Service Teachers’ Understanding of Direct Current Circuits

The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of simulations based on conceptual change conditions (CCS) and traditional confirmatory simulations (TCS) on pre-service elementary school teachers’ understanding of direct current electric circuits. The data was collected from a sample consisting of 89 students; 48 students in the experimental group who were taught simulations based on CCS, and 41 students in control group who followed the TCS. Subjects in both groups used open source software (Qucs) to simulate electric circuits. All students were administered Electric Circuits Concepts Test (DIRECT), Science Process Skills Test, Physics Attitude Scale, and Computer Attitude Scale before the treatment. Pre-test analyses revealed that there is no significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of understanding of direct current electricity. After completing 3 weeks treatment, all students received the DIRECT again as a post-test. Analysis of covariance was used. Science process skills and attitudes toward computers were taken as covariates. The results showed that the conceptual change based simulations caused significantly better acquisition of conceptual change of direct current electricity concepts than the confirmatory simulation. While science process skills and attitudes towards computer made significant contributions to the variations in achievement, gender differences and interactions between gender and treatment did not. Eleven weeks later, the DIRECT was reapplied to the students in both groups. Eleven weeks delayed post-test results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in understanding of direct current electric concepts.     

教育信息化2.0视域下的高校智慧校园生态系统构建

通过对教育信息化1.0时代的文献梳理与实践总结,指出教育信息化2.0时代高校智慧校园在实践中仍存在的典型问题,包括协同机制欠缺、教育数据治理体系不完善、师生个性化服务水平普遍低下、能充分彰显数据价值的智慧教育生态系统尚未形成。针对这些瓶颈问题,指出生态趋向是教育信息化2.0时代智慧校园建设的新动向,进而剖析了教育信息化2.0视域下智慧校园生态系统的建设策略,即应依托开放平台和微服务形成具有“生态”“人本”“智能”三个典型特征的新生态,从过往高耦合、低协同的1.0时代进化到低耦合、高协同的2.0新时代。