Bullying and social support: variation by school-type and emotional or behavioural disturbances

The present study analysed whether bullying/victimisation and related social support vary by emotional and behavioural disturbances (EBD) as well as school type. We examined 540 German adolescents with and without emotional disturbances (ED)/behavioural disturbances (BD) attending regular and special schools for students with EBD. Adolescents with BD and co-morbid co-occurring emotional and behavioural disturbances (ED + BD) reported elevated levels of bullying, while students with ED and co-morbid ED + BD reported elevated levels of victimisation. Enhanced levels of overt victimisation were also found in adolescents from special schools. Students from special schools perceived less peer support but more teacher support. Furthermore, adolescents with co-morbid ED + BD were least likely to tell teachers about being victimised. It is concluded that bullying interventions for adolescents with EBD and students from special schools need to be implemented and evaluated.     

Explaining the substantial inter-domain and over-time correlations in student achievement: the importance of stable student attributes

Multi-domain and longitudinal studies of student achievement routinely find moderate to strong correlations across achievement domains and even stronger within-domain correlations over time. The purpose of this study is to examine the sources of these patterns analysing student achievement in 5 domains across Years 3, 5 and 7. The analysis is of longitudinal population data of over 22,000 students and utilizes fixed-effects models to incorporate stable general and domain-specific latent factors. These latent factors correspond to a general cognitive-ability-like factor and specific aptitudes in particular, or types of, subject areas. The preferred model incorporates both general and domain-specific latent factors with stronger effects for the general factor, although the domain-specific factors are particularly strong for spelling and numeracy. When taking into account general and domain-specific latent factors, the effects of student’s socioeconomic status (SES) and school SES are trivial.     

The role of social capital in students’ perceptions of progress in higher education

This paper aims to analyse the effects of students’ social relationships at university on students’ success. Specifically, whether a student with heterogeneous relationships obtains better academic results than a student whose relationships are mostly with classmates. Further, the research examines whether students’ social relationships make up for their parents’ lack of human capital. A survey was answered by a sample of 867 students from universities in the metropolitan region of Barcelona. The findings suggest that the effects of social relationships are not always positive. The benefits of social networks at university interact with the type of degree studied, the student’s dedication to studies, and the student’s social class. Perceptions of progress for each category of students is different: It is more positive for those with frequent heterogeneous relations, who do not work or do so for a few hours, and for those who are enrolled in “hard” science courses.     

My tongue on your theory: the bittersweet reminder of every-thing unnameable

ABSTRACT

Across research in UK Higher Education, the most immanent demands for quality have taken the shape of the Research Assessment Exercise and the Research Excellence Framework (REF). The theorist, Martin, is cautious of the relationship academics have engendered with the process of the REF, asking are we actually creating a Frankenstein monster, becoming complicit in generating quality thresholds and standards that will become our own tormentors? I am taken by the idea of the monster when pursuing alternative discourses of childhood in educational research – fear of its potential to torment seduces me with the promise of dis-order, de-formity, chaos and mutation. The aim of this paper is to resist a fixed, knowable form of ‘quality’ (in) research, moving between the idea of ‘monster’ and the formlessness of ‘monstrosity’ to oppose the epistemological, ontological and ethical paradigms of reason.     

教育研究制度属性及其困惑

价值属性和工具属性构成了制度的基本属性。由于教育科研及其研究者群体的复杂性,教育科研制度与科学制度、教育制度、管理制度和文化制度等,通常会发生交叉与重叠,从而呈现出科学制度属性、教育制度属性、管理制度属性和文化制度属性等多重属性,并由此导致了制度化的诸多困惑,包括制度涵盖的模糊性问题、规制尺度的弹性问题和制度供给结构的失衡问题的出现。     

Effects of Conceptual Change and Traditional Confirmatory Simulations on Pre-Service Teachers’ Understanding of Direct Current Circuits

The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of simulations based on conceptual change conditions (CCS) and traditional confirmatory simulations (TCS) on pre-service elementary school teachers’ understanding of direct current electric circuits. The data was collected from a sample consisting of 89 students; 48 students in the experimental group who were taught simulations based on CCS, and 41 students in control group who followed the TCS. Subjects in both groups used open source software (Qucs) to simulate electric circuits. All students were administered Electric Circuits Concepts Test (DIRECT), Science Process Skills Test, Physics Attitude Scale, and Computer Attitude Scale before the treatment. Pre-test analyses revealed that there is no significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of understanding of direct current electricity. After completing 3 weeks treatment, all students received the DIRECT again as a post-test. Analysis of covariance was used. Science process skills and attitudes toward computers were taken as covariates. The results showed that the conceptual change based simulations caused significantly better acquisition of conceptual change of direct current electricity concepts than the confirmatory simulation. While science process skills and attitudes towards computer made significant contributions to the variations in achievement, gender differences and interactions between gender and treatment did not. Eleven weeks later, the DIRECT was reapplied to the students in both groups. Eleven weeks delayed post-test results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in understanding of direct current electric concepts.     

浅论明清徽州的宗族办学活动

明清时期微州教育非常发达，这是微州强大的宗族势力重视教育的结果。宗族主要靠兴办族塾、书院和文会等各种类型的学校培养子弟。此外，宗族还重视延聘名师，资助族内贫寒子弟。这些措施是明清时期徽州一府文化繁荣、经济发达的重要保证。     

均衡发展:我国义务教育发展的战略选择

新中国建立后,共和国就把提高民族素质、普及义务教育当做崇高而神圣的责任。从把义务教育作为教育工作的重中之重,到把农村义务教育作为教育工作的重中之重,再到把均衡发展作为义务教育的重中之重,是教育思想的升华、教育工作重点的转变。均衡发展是我国义务教育发展历史和现实的双重选择。在整个国家教育体系和教育战略布局中,必须始终把义务教育作为教育改革发展的重中之重,把均衡发展作为义务教育的重中之重。积极推进县(市、区)域内率先实现义务教育均衡发展,依法保证每个适龄儿童接受义务教育的基本权利和享有均等的受教育机会,着力统筹地区、城乡、学校、群体教育均衡发展,构建教育均衡发展制度机制。     

西方发展理论新范式的马克思主义意蕴及审视

当代,物质财富的增长与人的发展不平衡这一发展实践难题彰显出发展的理论研究。西方学者弗朗索瓦.佩鲁、阿马蒂亚.森、保罗.谢弗等在批判传统发展理论的基础上从人—文化—价值的角度所建立的发展理论新范式已经在世界范围内得到较为广泛的认同。通过深入其理论深处,我们发现:西方学者的发展理论新范式,蕴含着明显的马克思主义理论意蕴。但是,由于其关于人的本质和社会的本质的抽象观点,使其不能跳出资本的固有逻辑所带来的现代社会的发展困境——发展的理性维度与价值维度的分离。在当代发展的大背景下,对西方发展理论新范式进行马克思主义回应,认清其理论优势与缺陷,对于发展中的中国具有重大的理论和实践价值。     

高职院校大学生创业教育实践与创新

创新教育既是实现高等教育跨越式发展的基本要求,也是建设创新型国家的迫切需要。通过构建“三位一体”创业教育体系的实践与创新,阐明高职院校开展创业教育的必要性,给出创业教育的基本内容,探讨创业教育的方法与途径。