小粒子Mie散射理论及应用（Ⅰ）

本详细综述了近几年小粒子Mie散射的理论基础及其发展。     

Optimal sampling frequency in recording of resistance training exercises

The purpose of this study was to analyse the raw lifting speed collected during four different resistance training exercises to assess the optimal sampling frequency. Eight physically active participants performed sets of Squat Jumps, Countermovement Jumps, Squats and Bench Presses at a maximal lifting speed. A linear encoder was used to measure the instantaneous speed at a 200 Hz sampling rate. Subsequently, the power spectrum of the signal was computed by evaluating its Discrete Fourier Transform. The sampling frequency needed to reconstruct the signals with an error of less than 0.1% was f_99.9 = 11.615 ± 2.680 Hz for the exercise exhibiting the largest bandwidth, with the absolute highest individual value being 17.467 Hz. There was no difference between sets in any of the exercises. Using the closest integer sampling frequency value (25 Hz) yielded a reconstruction of the signal up to 99.975 ± 0.025% of its total in the worst case. In conclusion, a sampling rate of 25 Hz or above is more than adequate to record raw speed data and compute power during resistance training exercises, even under the most extreme circumstances during explosive exercises. Higher sampling frequencies provide no increase in the recording precision and may instead have adverse effects on the overall data quality.     

A Comparison of Text-Based Methods for Detecting Duplication in Scanned Document Databases

This paper presents an experimental evaluation of several text-based methods for detecting duplication in scanned document databases using uncorrected OCR output. This task is made challenging both by the wide range of degradations printed documents can suffer, and by conflicting interpretations of what it means to be a duplicate. We report results for four sets of experiments exploring various aspects of the problem space. While the techniques studied are generally robust in the face of most types of OCR errors, there are nonetheless important differences which we identify and discuss in detail.     

白光散斑相关法的统计分析研究

白光数字散斑相关方法是现代数字图像处理技术与光学测量相结合的产物。这一方法彻底摆脱了特定测量环境的要求,避开了由条纹图作为信息载体而直接从物体表面微观结构及表面散斑场这些信息载体中提取变形信息,具有较大的优越性。应用白光数字散斑相关方法对描述试件进行了实验测试,得到了令人满意的结果。     

基于多特征的江苏海域赤潮遥感提取算法

针对单一的赤潮特征提取算法在对赤潮遥感图像进行特征提取时还存在准确性不高等问题,本文提出了一种基于多特征的赤潮遥感提取算法,首先对加权平均方法进行改进,提出了自适应加权平均算法,对遥感图像的叶绿素浓度特征进行提取,然后采用偏差系数对水体固有光学模型进行参数优化,对遥感图像的光谱特征进行提取。实例仿真试验结果表明,本文提出的基于多特征的赤潮遥感提取算法相比较单一的光谱特征提取算法,具有较高的赤潮特征提取准确性和稳定性。     

介质光学厚度对双负材料光子晶体透射峰带宽的调制

采用传输矩阵法,通过编程计算模拟双负材料光子晶体(AB)mBCB(BA)m的透射谱,研究介质光学厚度对光子晶体带宽的调制机制,结果发现:当分别增大A或B介质层的光学厚度时,光子晶体的透射能带谱均向低频方向移动,且透射峰带宽均逐渐变窄,但透射峰的透射率保持100%不变;当C介质层光学厚度按负值减小时,光子晶体的透射能带谱则向高频方向移动,而透射峰的带宽也变窄且透射率保持100%;相对而言,B介质层光学厚度对带宽的调制最灵敏,A层次之,而C层最弱。介质光学厚度对双负材料一维光子晶体透射峰带宽的调制功能,为设计不同频率或波长范围的窄带滤波器、光开关等光学器件提供理论基础和现实指导意义。     

缺陷光学厚度对对称结构一维光子晶体透射谱的影响

在A层为双正和双负介质情况下,用传输矩阵法理论研究缺陷层的光学厚度对对称结构一维光子晶体(AB)mC(BA)m透射谱的影响,结果发现:在无缺陷情况下,不论A层是双正还是双负介质,禁带中心均出现超窄频带单透射峰,具有传统对称结构光子晶体透射谱的特征;当中间插入光学厚度等于四分之一中心波长的双正缺陷C后,两者的单透射峰一分为二,且双负情况下两透射峰之间的距离较大;当缺陷C的光学厚度为二分之一中心波长时,双正情况下禁带中心出现单透射峰,双负情况下则出现三条透射峰;当缺陷C的光学厚度等于中心波长时,双正情况下出现三条透射峰,而双负情况下则出现五条透射峰。对称结构光子晶体的透射谱随缺陷光学厚度变化的规律,可用以设计可调性超窄带滤波器。     

对劈形薄膜等厚干涉的光程差及条纹定域性的讨论

物理和科学的发展使得薄膜干涉的应用越来越广泛。但是,目前对于等厚干涉的光程差一级条纹定域问题的分析并不多。本文基于等厚干涉的原理以及光程差同条纹定域之间的联系,分别对光程差以及条纹定域进行讨论。     

试析光机智能的语境瓶颈———基于诺尔蒂的量子光学计算机理论

诺尔蒂在《光速思考——新一代光计算机与人工智能》一书中,以量子计算和光学语言为基础,设想了量子计算机系统原理及新一代光电计算机发展远景,认为光机智能终将超越人类智能。文章从表征和计算的角度对这一系统设想进行了批判。     

二维材料：从基础到应用

信息社会的飞速发展对信息存储、加工、传输能力提出了与日俱增的迫切需求。随着“摩尔定律”逐渐逼近极限,半导体工业急需寻求新的解决方案。二维材料因为原子级厚度的尺寸特点,表面无悬挂键的结构优势加上极大比表面积导致的对电、光等调控手段的敏感性被认为是“后摩尔定律”时代半导体工业新的突破口。松山湖材料实验室引进一批国内外顶级科学家,组建二维材料团队,以基础科研为根基,以工程应用为导向,重点攻关其中关键问题。其目标在于取得有世界级重大影响力的科研成果,布局我国二维材料产业。