What once was old is new again

Through seminars and continuing educational opportunities, recently certified Lamaze childbirth educators beginning their teaching careers have learned of the changes in birth practices over the past 50 years. However, they may not have heard the personal stories about the locations and conditions in which Lamaze educators first taught. In this column, five childbirth educators share their memories of the birthing climate, teaching strategies, class populations, and other aspects of Lamaze childbirth education 50 years ago and how the old ways compare with today's classes. Their stories not only provide an important, historical perspective to build on the past and improve future educational opportunities for expectant women and their families but also illustrate Lamaze's ongoing efforts to promote natural, safe, and healthy birth practices.     

How Student‐teachers Approach the Teaching of Reading: At the Interface Between Personal History,Theory and Practice

This article charts the progress of one cohort of student‐teachers (variously known as beginning teachers and pre‐service teachers) training to teach English in London secondary schools during 2008–9. The research focuses specifically on the experiences which facilitate their development as confident and creative teachers and assessors of reading at Key Stage 3 (11–14 years). Findings indicate that it is the interaction – and tensions – between their personal reading histories, engagement in theory, and practice within the social environment of the classroom which shape their burgeoning identities as teachers of literature and reading. This year‐long study demonstrates that for some a growing confidence has enabled them to look beyond approaches advocated by statutory curriculum frameworks to develop their own view of innovative practice in the teaching of reading.     

Reception of Arthur Sutherland Neill＇s pedagogical concept and his Summerhill School in Hungarian and German pedagogical literature and press

Arthur Sutherland Neill is one of the most debated personalities among the representatives of the classic reform pedagogy, due to his pedagogical concept and its practical realization, and his Summerhill School, equally. He is often mentioned during public debates, where mostly the ＂three S＂--＂sex, swearing and smoking＂, are existing as subject of the debates. While analyzing publications about Summerhill School appearing in Hungarian and German pedagogical special literature and press, a kind of polarized attitude has been realized towards the conceptions and school： Some talk about him admiringly; others criticize him while emphasizing the concept＇s drawbacks and unique features.     

Grammar learning and teaching： Time,tense and verb

The learning of English tenses and verbs is obviously the major and challenging part of second language learning and acquisition for Chinese students. The paper analyzes the features of simple present tense, simple past tense and verbs in them from the aspect of Sidney Greenbaum and Randolph Quirk＇s student grammar book as an instructive example. It is suggested that, it be meaningful and practical if the grammar rules are reflected rather in sentences or contexts than in the formula. Some possible pedagogical activities and materials are recommended to make tedious grammar learning and teaching more understandable and interesting.     

An approach to develop physics student teachers＇ skills of using instructional technology

It is very important to develop student teachers＇ skills and knowledge during the pre-service teacher education process. In this study, the effectiveness of the approach in which student teachers＇ gained skills of developing and using TGMs （teacher-guided materials） based on integration of technology on physics education in STMC-Ⅱ （Special Teaching Methods Course-Ⅱ） for pre-service physics teachers was evaluated. The study was conducted with 33 physics student teachers in KTU （Karadeniz Technical University）. Student teachers were required to develop and present TGMs, which were based on principles of special teaching approaches and techniques and integration of technology through instruction. The data of the study were gained from semi-structured interviews conducted with 14 student teachers, observations of the lessons conducted by each student teacher and document analysis of the student teachers＇ diaries collected during the term. The student teachers stated that STMC-11 was a very helpful experience to gain teaching skills. It is believed that all these activities, which are designed and performed in the classroom by student teachers during STMC-Ⅱ course, will not only prepare them for their teaching but also help them gain basic experiences that they will need in their future career. At the end of the process, it is concluded that all the student teachers gained nearly the whole defined aims--skills and knowledge of the STMC-Ⅱ. The implementation process should be organized very well to have advance of gaining many skills together. Key words： physics student teacher; STMC-Ⅱ; the skills of developing TGMs and integration of technology     

基于欧洲各国不同行业就业率情况的因子分析和聚类分析

经济是一个国家发展的命脉,而经济的健康高速发展离不开良好的经济产业布局。文章对与中国目前三产业结构相似的1979年的欧洲就业比例进行因子分析和聚类分析,分析表明地理位置和政治体系是影响不同国家经济布局的主要因素,同时发现,虽然地理位置和政治体系会影响不同国家的经济结构,但是所有的国家在矿产业和电力供应方面的分布基本上一致。通过对欧洲国家经济布局的分析,对各个国家的经济结构提出建议。     

高职院校实训基地建设资金筹措的方式及路径研究

在高等教育改革这样一个宏观大背景下,全国高职院校招生规模不断攀升。由此导致高技能人才培养规模与实验、实习、实训资源不足的矛盾突出。在探讨多元化筹资渠道的同时,还要重点考虑筹资的成本、筹资风险的规避、资金使用效益的提高以及建立有效的筹资组织,以保证高等职业教育健康、稳定的发展。     

网络言论自由的合理限制浅析——“人肉搜索”的宪法学思考

随着网络技术的发展,＂人肉搜索＂逐渐风靡网络,这种新型搜索引擎可以更为便捷而专业地解决求助者的问题,方便公众日常生活。然而其中更受关注的身份确认型＂人肉搜索＂却因与当事人相关人身权利的冲突而备受争议。文章试图从宪法学角度,对身份确认型＂人肉搜索＂进行分析,明确其中言论自由权与隐私权等人身权利的冲突,从而对其进行合理规制,以期引导其进入良性发展轨道。     

高职院校建筑设计专业课程教学中的几点思考

针对高等职业技术院校教育特点下的建筑设计专业课程教学中出现的问题,提出关于建筑设计课程内容设置与教学形式的改革。     

高等医学院校学报栏目设置现状的调查与分析

目的：了解高等医学院校学报的栏目设置状况。找出不同类型医学院校学报的栏目设置特点及存在问题。方法：在高等医学院校学报中按重点院校和普通院校各选10所院校2008年度发表的学报作为样本,分为AB两组,每组60期。运用统计学方法,对两组栏目名称,栏目数量,栏目使用数、使用率,栏目载文数、载文率进行统计分析。结果：A组的栏目数最多8个／期,最少2个／期,平均5．46个;B组栏目数最多12个／期,最少2个／期,平均6．02个。A组栏目使用数（使用频次）最多的分别为：论著141次（43．12％）,述评、综述、专题58次（17．73％）,技术、方法、调查41次（12．54％）;B组栏目使用数最多的分别为：论著138次（37．81％）,述评、综述、专题48次（13．15％）,其他54次（14．78％）。两组比较X2=36．287,P〈0．01。A组发文数最多的分别是论著类1748篇（74．67％）,短篇、个案、疑难病例206篇（8．8％）,述评、综述、专题197篇（8．41％）;B组发文最多的分别为：论著1551篇（55．14％）,其他397篇（14．11％）,经验交流、短篇论著386篇（13．72％）。两组比较X2=755．439,P〈0．001,差异有非常显著性意义。结论：重点医科大学学报论著栏目比重及发文量均大于普通医学院校学报,学术氛围更加浓厚;两组的栏目设置均存在一些问题．尤以部分普通院校学报为重。有待进一步改进。