Attitudes of Australian chiropractic students toward whole body donation: A cross‐sectional study

Cadavers play an important role in anatomy education. In Australia, bodies for anatomy education are acquired only through donations. To gain insight into educational dynamics in an anatomy laboratory as well as to facilitate body donation programs and thanksgiving ceremonies, it is important to understand students' attitudes toward body donation. In this cross‐sectional study, the attitudes of Macquarie University's first, second, and fifth year chiropractic students toward body donation were investigated. Macquarie University chiropractic students have a four semester long anatomy program, which includes cadaver‐based instruction on prosected specimens. A questionnaire was used to record respondents' demographics and attitudes toward body donation: personal, by a relative, and by a stranger. It was found that ethnicity and religion affect attitudes toward body donation, with Australian students being more willing to donate a stranger's body and atheists and agnostics being more willing to donate in general. Furthermore, willingness to donate one's own or a family member's body decreases as year of study increases, suggesting a possible negative impact of exposure to cadavers in the anatomy laboratory. This was only true, however, after controlling for age. Thus, the impact of viewing and handling prosected specimens, which is the norm in anatomy classes in Australia, may not be as strong as dissecting cadavers. It is suggested that anatomists and educators prepare students for cadaver‐based instruction as well as exhibit sensitivity to cultural differences in how students approach working with cadavers, when informing different communities about body donation programs and in devising thanksgiving ceremonies. Anat Sci Educ 7: 117–123. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

Honoring our donors: A survey of memorial ceremonies in united states anatomy programs

Many anatomy programs that incorporate dissection of donated human bodies hold memorial ceremonies of gratitude towards body donors. The content of these ceremonies may include learners' reflections on mortality, respect, altruism, and personal growth told through various humanities modalities. The task of planning is usually student‐ and faculty‐led with participation from other health care students. Objective information on current memorial ceremonies for body donors in anatomy programs in the United States appears to be lacking. The number of programs in the United States that currently plan these memorial ceremonies and information on trends in programs undertaking such ceremonies remain unknown. Gross anatomy program directors throughout the United States were contacted and asked to respond to a voluntary questionnaire on memorial ceremonies held at their institution. The results (response rate 68.2%) indicated that a majority of human anatomy programs (95.5%) hold memorial ceremonies. These ceremonies are, for the most part, student‐driven and nondenominational or secular in nature. Participants heavily rely upon speech, music, poetry, and written essays, with a small inclusion of other humanities modalities, such as dance or visual art, to explore a variety of themes during these ceremonies. Anat Sci Educ 7: 219–223. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

对侦查阶段捕后羁押必要性审查制度的实践构想

修改后刑诉法对捕后羁押必要性审查作出规定,并明确了检察机关的审查职责,这一规定具有重大意义。为有效发挥这一法律规定的进步作用,需对该概括规定加以思考研究,以细化运用于司法实践。本文选取侦查阶段捕后羁押必要性审查为探讨对象,点明了加强捕后羁押必要性审查的重要立法意义。结合检察工作实际,提出该项制度实施过程中存在的问题,并尝试思考解决对策。     

《孙子兵法》与职务犯罪侦查预审谋略体系

《孙子兵法》是一部重要的古代兵法著作,其深刻的战略战术思想对应着预审的对立性、不确定性、层次性。在宏观上,务求全胜和"知胜有五"等战略思想能够成为预审的基本立场。在微观上,要求根据实际情况,实施主导预审、避实击虚、务求变化、留足出路、宽严有度、虚实结合、分化离间等战术。在《刑事诉讼法》的修改及对程序合法性更加强调的背景下,侦查预审面临着新的机遇和挑战,《孙子兵法》对于建立和拓展预审谋略体系,有着重要的启发意义。     

毛泽东新民主主义民意机关思想探讨

毛泽东新民主主义民意机关思想是其新民主主义宪政思想的组成部分。毛泽东新民主主义民意机关思想的基础包括原则性与灵活性相统一理论和目的与手段辩证统一理论。毛泽东新民主主义民意机关思想蕴含了实行真正普遍平等选举产生民意机关、真正反映民意的民意机关、有权法律化民意的民意机关等具体内容。毛泽东新民主主义民意机关思想具有民意机关坚持共产党领导特质、民意机关的技术属性特质等特点。     

基础教育捐赠的三种类型及其对教育改革与发展的支持

从捐赠供给的角度来分类,目前基础教育捐赠有交易型、同情型、回报型三种类型。交易型捐赠慈善性质模糊且稳定性差,不利于促进基础教育公平;同情型捐赠随机性强且用途单一,不利于促进捐赠资源有效利用;回报型捐赠主观臆断性强且范围狭窄,不利于基础教育捐赠募集。这导致了目前基础教育捐赠总量不足,难以形成对教育经费的有效补充;U形特征明显,尚未起到促进教育资源均衡配置的作用;有效利用不足,造成部分捐赠未能发挥最大化作用。促进基础教育捐赠对教育改革与发展的支持,从捐赠需求角度需要加强基础教育捐赠需求方与供给方之间的互动,形成新的评价制度和激励机制、共享的价值体系、以信任为基础的强联系和有利于捐赠募集的社会网络来优化基础教育捐赠募集。     

一样山水别样情——《滁州西涧》与《淮中晚泊犊头》之比较

韦应物的《滁州西涧》和苏舜钦的《淮中晚泊犊头》都是山水诗中的代表作,而且二者在取景上极为相似。但由于两位诗人的生活背景和创作心态不同使得这两首诗歌给人完全不同的情感体验。试从这两首诗歌的观察视角、感官选择、意境风格以及结构安排等方面对比这两首山水诗中的经典之作。