钢琴琴弦受力变化对钢琴调律操作方法的影响

钢琴在使用过程中会出现一定程度上的损耗,诸如钢琴的音准问题、琴弦会出现杂音等,不利于演奏者的演奏。钢琴调律是一门应用型的学科,是一个调整钢琴琴弦张力的过程,通过调律使钢琴的每一个音在弹奏时都能发出标准的音。调律方法研究的目的就是准确、稳定地对钢琴的音高进行调整。本文在充分研究分析钢琴琴弦受力情况的基础上,通过对左、右手传统调律方法的比较,探索出一种更加科学、简单、便捷的综合调律方法。     

Creating pretence and sharing friendship: modal expressions in children's play

Friendships and play provide children with opportunities for mutual engagement, which both require and facilitate children's language use. Modality is a semantic system in the language associated with children's learning. One way in which modality is realised is through linguistic expressions which allow speakers to moderate the degree of certainty about the truth of propositions (expressions of possibility) and the degree of necessity with respect to proposals (expressions of obligation). No research has explored the relationship between friendship and children's use of modality. This paper reports on the use of both types of modal expression during play between five- and six-year-old children in two friendship contexts. Results showed that possibility expressions occurred at similar rates in both contexts while obligation expressions occurred significantly more often in play in high-level friendships than in low-level friendships. Findings suggest that in high-level friendships modality was used cohesively to create and extend pretend play, whereas in low-level friendships it was used to regulate behaviour. Because modal expressions are important resources for managing interpersonal relationships, for talking about ideas and situations beyond the here and now and for writing for a non-present audience, our findings provide valuable insights for educators of young children.     

近代体育发轫于英国的文化学研究

摘要：运用文献研读和过程社会学等方法,分别从近代体育在英国兴起的前提条件,外部环境,主观因素,内部动因,客观因素等为逻辑顺序依次展开论述,来探讨近代体育发轫于英国的各种影响要素。从而得出：跟欧洲大陆国家相比,英国宗教势力始终未占据主导地位;三大思想文化运动;已处于轰轰烈烈的重组之中的英国独特的三层式社会结构; “一切向上流社会看齐”移民社会所特有的贵族心理以及英国独特的地理位置和生活环境等,正是这些影响要素的不断优化和重组,从而装点了大英帝国日渐上升的国际地位,也强化了近代体育在大英帝国的兴起、发展和广泛传播。可以说本文为我们解读现代体育,尤其是西方体育和现代奥林匹克运动的起源和发展提供了宝贵的历史资料,同时也为揭示人类体育的本质意义提供了不可多得的历史素材。     

上海市东方绿舟青少年户外拓展项目开展效果与对策研究

主要通过实地对参加营地拓展训练活动的学生、学校带队老师和营地拓展师进行问卷调查,及对营地领导等进行专家访谈,了解东方绿舟的中学生拓展项目的开发与实施现状,探讨其制约因素,提出相关解决对策。     

西安市户外运动参与者风险意识调查与分析

为提高西安市户外运动参与者的风险意识,推动西安市户外运动的更好发展。通过文献资料、问卷调查等研究方法,对西安市户外运动参与者的风险意识情况进行调查与分析。研究结果显示:西安市户外运动参与者风险意识认识情况良好,能够很好的控制和预防风险,但还存在着户外运动风险意识宣传和安全培训力度不够,西安市部分户外运动组织者无户外领队资格证,西安市部分户外运动爱好者没有购买保险的意向的问题。     

生态视角下中国户外运动的发展研究

以生态为视角并结合生态和户外运动的互动关系,对户外运动在新时期的发展情况进行探索,认为21世纪是其蓬勃发展的战略期,为促进户外运动可持续发展,应积极倡导与生态文明相契合的户外运动发展之路。     

基于登山户外运动事故的探析

随着生活节奏的加快,户外运动逐渐成为现代城市生活的一部分,人们越来越多地选择走进自然、亲近自然,并享受自然.登山户外运动作为进军自然的主要形式之一,在给人们带来喜悦快乐的同时,也给人们带来了风险.通过分析2013年人们参与户外运动的事故数据,对事故原因进行了深入挖掘,提出了一些规避风险的应对方法和要求.     

The impact of electric overhead radiant heating on the indoor environment of historic churches

The impact of electric overhead radiant heaters on the microclimate, air flows, transport and deposition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) was monitored between March 2004 and March 2005 in the historic churches of Saint Michael Archangel in Szalowa and Saint Catherine in Cracow (Poland). The measurements show that although irradiation at the floor level increases temperature and reduces relative humidity in the interior of the church, the effect out of the heated zone and for the surfaces sheltered from irradiation is very limited, i.e. their extent is comparable with natural fluctuations inherent to the local climate of the church. The radiant heaters proved to generate little convectional flow of the air. Therefore, the heating system was not found to increase the concentration of SPM indoors; in particular, no re-suspension of particles already present in the church was observed. This work has demonstrated that the overhead radiant heaters are capable of providing localised heat to the areas where people congregate without adversely affecting painted walls and the works of arts displayed in churches. Care, however, should be taken that sensitive works of art are not exposed to the direct infrared radiation.     

体育技术化与公平竞争精神的破坏

通过对体育技术化模式的哲学审视发现,现代技术已经成为影响训练过程和比赛结果的决定性因素,这就使技术占有的公平性成为公平竞争的前提条件。但是,不同运动员对技术的占有是不公平的,这就导致了不公平竞争,从而客观上破坏了公平竞争精神。     

高水平乒乓球运动员直拍生胶打法及训练研究

以高校高水平乒乓球队为例,论述了直拍生胶打法运动员的训练方法,即发球与发球抢攻、接发球与接发球抢攻、正手攻球、相持、防守、直拍横打训练等.