The problems of the beginning teacher in the Arab schools in Israel

This article focuses on the problems of beginning teachers in the Arab sector in Israel. The participants were 146 beginning teachers, 5 mentors, and 5 advisors. The research measurements included an open-ended question and a semi-structured interview. Our research revealed many different cultural aspects related to most of the problems of the beginning teachers. These problems are accompanied by difficult conflicts within the beginning Arab teachers who are exposed to western democratic educational models which are partially rejected by traditional Arab culture and society. The expectations of the teacher to become an agent of change in Arab society are not fulfilled in the first year, in which he/she tries to fit into the school, as well as the culture from which she/he comes and to which he returns. The problems which the beginning teachers report are related to didactic and disciplinary knowledge, adjustment to the organizational climate and culture of the school, problems of work overload, and individual differences among the pupils.     

中国碳超载下碳锁定与解锁路径实证研究

发展中国家在工业化进程中会出现碳锁定现象。中国处在工业化进程的关键时期,很有必要对碳锁定问题进行深入探讨,选用合适的指标来衡量碳锁定有助于理解碳锁定。本文通过测算1990-2014年中国碳汇量和碳排放量,用两者的差值作为碳超载量,用碳超载率（碳超载量/碳汇量）对碳锁定的程度以及变化趋势做出基本判断,然后利用ECM模型对碳锁定的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:①以2003年为界限,1990-2002年期间中国未出现碳超载,从2003年开始碳超载为正,以后逐年增加,碳锁定程度越来越严重;②降低化石能源消耗、增加技术投入在长期和短期内对碳锁定都有抑制作用,而第二产业和第三产业的发展速度对碳锁定的影响在长期和短期内是相反的;③提出在“十三五”期间实现中国碳汇量比2014年增加5%~15%的目标,以期在“十三五”结束时基本实现中国碳平衡。本研究以丰富中国碳锁定及碳解锁理论研究为侧重点,着重为中国碳锁定程度和碳锁定变化趋势研究提供科学依据,并对中国碳锁定解锁路径提出借鉴性建议。     

Overload problem research on aperiodic real-time tasks

In this paper, a novel scheduling mechanism is proposed to handle the real-time overload problem by maximizing the cumulative values of three types of tasks: the soft, the hard and the imprecise tasks. The simulation results show that the performance of our presented mechanism in this paper is greatly improved, much better than that of the other three mechanisms: earliest deadline first (EDF), highest value first (HVF) and highest density first (HDF), under the same conditions of all nominal loads and task type proportions.     

Using socio-dramatic play to support a beginning writer: ‘Daniel,the doctor and the bleeding ball’

This article reports on a case study of a young child (aged five) at a very early stage of his journey as a writer, evidencing ‘pre-alphabetic tendencies’, who has not yet internalised the construction of his name. Analysis of a ‘baseline’ piece of Daniel's writing demonstrates his awareness that the production of random letters conveys a simple message. However, Daniel does not recognise yet the relationship between spoken language and the corresponding grapheme–phonemes. At present he is not making the connections between his aural, oral and visual concepts of how words as text are constructed. In addressing the development of early years writing, the practitioner should be aware of the learning needs of the child as the child develops as an emerging writer in a highly complex problem-solving activity. The complexity of the structural and developmental processes needed to become a writer requires that the child is taught not within a predominantly whole-class structure with its demands for completion within fast-paced time limits. The emerging writer requires sustained recursive opportunities to engage with the experiences, which take the child from the steps of ‘mark making’ to the abstractions of written composition. The decision was made to use the strategy of socio-dramatic play as the framework for the intervention with Daniel. The use of a play/literacy connection (socio-dramatic play) serves to unlock and support the child's writing/spelling development. The child is being supported in his development by the teacher strategically easing the cognitive load, i.e. in this case, through scribing for the child.     

A multi-component assessment model for monitoring training distress among athletes

Abstract

We report the initial validation of a multi-component assessment model for monitoring training distress among athletes. The model combines measures of mood disturbance with measures of perceived stress and symptom intensity. Altogether, 492 athletes completed the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10; Cohen et al., 1983), the 24-item Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS; Terry et al., 2003), and a checklist of 19 symptoms associated with acute overtraining (Fry et al., 1994). Six training distress factors were identified by an exploratory factor analysis: “depressed mood”, “perceived vigour”, “physical symptoms”, “sleep disturbance”, “perceived stress”, and “general fatigue”. Comparisons of group means of these factors with a previously validated inventory were consistent with theoretical predictions and provided evidence of construct validity. Internal consistency of the subscales was also confirmed, with Cronbach alphas ranging from 0.72 to 0.86. Together, these findings suggest that this multi-component model provides a sound conceptual basis for the assessment of training distress among athletes.     

基于用户兴趣的个性化推荐系统比较研究

个性化推荐系统是解决信息过载的有效途径之一,已广泛应用于电子商务等领域．介绍推荐系统及其组成部分,就个性化推荐系统的几个关键技术进行了阐述和比较,总结推荐系统主要的评价指标,并对未来可能的发展方向进行了初步预测．     

Which drop jump technique is most effective at enhancing countermovement jump ability, “countermovement” drop jump or “bounce” drop jump?

Abstract

The drop jump is a popular form of plyometric exercise often undertaken to enhance countermovement jump ability (jump height). Despite its popularity the effects of drop jump training on countermovement jump height are often inconsistent. Such inconsistencies may be as a result of differences in the drop jump technique being employed. Two recognised forms of drop jump are the “countermovement” drop jump and the “bounce” drop jump and the current study examined the effects of eight weeks of training with these drop jump techniques on countermovement jump height. Methods: A kinetic and kinematic analysis of each participant's countermovement jump, bounce- and countermovement drop jumps was undertaken prior to training. Participants were then randomly assigned to a bounce drop jump training group (n = 34), a countermovement drop jump training group (n = 35) or a control group (n = 34). Changes in jump height were examined following training. Results: The countermovement drop jump training group increased their countermovement jump height by 2.9 cm (6%), which was a significant change (P < 0.05) in comparison to that experienced by the bounce drop jump (-0.2 cm, -0.4%) and the control group (-0.1 cm, 0.2%). Conclusion: The countermovement drop jump may be more effective than the bounce drop jump at enhancing countermovement jump height.     

The Concept of Information Overload: A Review of Literature from Organization Science,Accounting, Marketing,MIS, and Related Disciplines

Based on literature from the domains of organization science, marketing, accounting, and management information systems, this review article examines the theoretical basis of the information overload discourse and presents an overview of the main definitions, situations, causes, effects, and countermeasures. It analyzes the contributions from the last 30 years to consolidate the existing research in a conceptual framework and to identify future research directions.     

How student perceptions about online learning difficulty influenced their satisfaction during Canada's Covid-19 response

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant challenge to higher education and forced academic institutions across the globe to abruptly shift to remote teaching. Because of the emergent transition, higher education institutions continuously face difficulties in creating satisfactory online learning experiences that adhere to the new norms. This study investigates the transition to online learning during Covid-19 to identify factors that influenced students' satisfaction with the online learning environment. Adopting a mixed-method design, we find that students' experience with online learning can be negatively affected by information overload, and perceived technical skill requirements, and describe qualitative evidence that suggest a lack of social interactions, class format, and ambiguous communication also affected perceived learning. This study suggests that to digitalize higher education successfully, institutions need to redesign students' learning experience systematically and re-evaluate traditional pedagogical approaches in the online context.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• University transitions to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic were undertaken by faculty and students who had little online learning experience.
• The transition to online learning was often described as having a negative influence on students' learning experience and mental health.
• Varieties of cognitive load are known predictors of effective online learning experiences and satisfaction.

What this paper adds

• Information overload and perceptions of technical abilities are demonstrated to predict students' difficulty and satisfaction with online learning.
• Students express negative attitudes towards factors that influence information overload, technical factors, and asynchronous course formats.
• Communication quantity was not found to be a significant factor in predicting either perceived difficulty or negative attitudes.

Implications for practice and/or policy

• We identify ways that educators in higher education can improve their online offerings and implementations during future disruptions.
• We offer insights into student experience concerning online learning environments during an abrupt transition.
• We identify design factors that contribute to effective online delivery, educators in higher education can improve students' learning experiences during difficult periods and abrupt transitions to online learning.

     

基于分级学科树的协同浏览

指出用户在数字图书馆虚拟空间内所形成的虚拟社区是很有价值的情报源,通过采用分级学科树区分和组织用户社区,结合支持用户社区内/间通信、协作及信息管理的用户代理服务,可以实现基于分级学科树的协同浏览,帮助图书馆用户提高信息搜寻效率,缓解资源过载和资源耗散问题。