论《山海经》中的祖先崇拜

思想意识的研究是神话研究的一个重要组成部分,汉族神话《山海经》已经逐渐发展到了祖先崇拜的特定阶段,结合天帝崇拜到祖先崇拜、祖先崇拜与先民社会、祖先崇拜与巫医文化传承、祖先崇拜与中华文明互动影响这四个方面对《山海经》中的祖先崇拜进行探讨,为深化《山海经》祖先崇拜的研究提供一些可供参考的思路。     

白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒诱导非小细胞肺癌H1299细胞凋亡

目的实验以非小细胞肺癌H1299细胞(简称H1299细胞)为研究对象,主要探讨白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒对H1299细胞凋亡作用的影响以及进一步探讨其作用机制。方法在H1299细胞中导入野生型p53质粒,加入不同浓度的白藜芦醇,通过MTT法确定白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒的最佳作用浓度,并检测白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒对细胞增殖的影响;光镜下观察细胞形态学的变化;流式细胞术检测白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒对H1299细胞凋亡率的影响;RT-PCR实验方法检测细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase3、Caspase9的表达水平。结果白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒能明显抑制H1299细胞的增殖,诱导H1299细胞凋亡,明显抑制Bcl-2基因的表达水平,促进Bax、caspase3、caspase9基因的表达水平。结论白藜芦醇联合野生型p53质粒能够明显抑制H1299细胞的增殖,可能通过促凋亡基因Bax、凋亡蛋白酶Caspase3,Cas?pase9的表达,抑制抑凋亡基因Bcl-2的表达,从而激活细胞中线粒体介导的凋亡通路,诱导H1299细胞凋亡。     

Deletion analysis of SMN1 and NAIP genes in southern Chinese children with spinal muscular atrophy

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a disorder characterized by degeneration of lower motor neurons and occasionally bulbar motor neurons leading to progressive limb and trunk paralysis as well as muscular atrophy. Three types of SMA are recognized depending on the age of onset, the maximum muscular activity achieved, and survivorship: SMA1, SMA2, and SMA3. The survival of motor neuron (SMN) gene has been identified as an SMA determining gene, whereas the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene is considered to be a modifying factor of the severity of SMA. The main objective of this study was to analyze the deletion of SMN1 and NAIP genes in southern Chinese children with SMA. Here, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was performed to detect the deletion of both exon 7 and exon 8 of SMN1 and exon 5 of NAIP in 62 southern Chinese children with strongly suspected clinical symptoms of SMA. All the 32 SMA1 patients and 76% (13/17) of SMA2 patients showed homozygous deletions for exon 7 and exon 8, and all the 13 SMA3 patients showed single deletion of SMN1 exon 7 along with 24% (4/17) of SMA2 patients. Eleven out of 32 (34%) SMA1 patients showed NAIP deletion, and none of SMA2 and SMA3 patients was found to have NAIP deletion. The findings of homozygous deletions of exon 7 and/or exon 8 of SMN1 gene confirmed the diagnosis of SMA, and suggested that the deletion of SMN1 exon 7 is a major cause of SMA in southern Chinese children, and that the NAIP gene may be a modifying factor for disease severity of SMA1. The molecular diagnosis system based on PCR-RFLP analysis can conveniently be applied in the clinical testing, genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation genetic diagnosis of SMA. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. J0710043), and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. 2007C33049), China     

Effects of school choice on the margin: The cream is already skimmed

Critics of school choice argue that cream-skimming will worsen outcomes for those left behind in public schools. Since “high ability” families may have already sorted themselves out of the schools in question, this paper will examine whether existing within-school heterogeneity leaves any scope for cream-skimming to operate. It asks, “given the current level of within-school heterogeneity, how strong would peer effects have to be to significantly worsen outcomes for those left behind?” In order for cream-skimming to lower math test scores by one half-year's progress, the peer effect would have to be as strong as increasing class sizes by 8–20 students, or cutting per-student funding by $400–2000. These results indicate that current levels of within-school heterogeneity are so low that peer effects would have to be unrealistically strong to give cream-skimming any bite.     

质性知识构造与量化知识分析综论:兼论学术对标法理论基础

文章在简要综述知识基因、知识单元、知识表示和知识图谱的基础上,探讨知识的质性构造和量化分析基础,指出知识具有表型(外型)、构型(内型)和量型(量值)三型特征。用逻辑分析法从现象到本质揭示知识表型特征,包括语言文字型、公式符号型和图表图谱型;知识构型可用学科类别和特征概念标识;知识量型可基于数据或信息计算知识量。进一步提出用知识花图式和知识花程式展示质性知识构造与量化知识分析。由知识三型特征引出知识变换三假设以及学术评价对标法;揭示质性知识构造适合解析静态知识特征,量化知识分析可延伸处理动态知识演化。质性知识构造与量化知识分析同时适用于剖析知识客体和知识主体,并独具学术评价应用价值。倡导通过知识分析创新图书情报学,同时也通过图书情报学促进知识之花盛开。     

广西20～39岁成年人体质因子结构的研究

运用文献研究法、调查法和数理统计法,对影响广西20～39岁成年人体质的主要因子及其因子结构特点进行研究.研究表明:影响其体质的最重要的因子为身体围度因子和体育锻炼因子,较重要的因子是呼吸因子和主要身体素质因子.各因子的重要程度具有性别特点.呼吸因子由身高与肺活量构成.     

红色文化中的红色基因及其内涵分析

要传承红色基因,必须首先了解红色基因内涵。红色基因是红色文化的核心,是对中国传统文化和马克思主义的继承和发展。不止是现代的产物,同样也是中国传统的文化基因。红色基因主要体现在3个方面:先立其大的信念,实事求是的理论方式,为人民服务的宗旨。其中最基本的内核是为人民服务。     

对北岛康介、罗雪娟两位奥运冠军的蛙泳技术分析--收腿与划水技术

通过对两位优秀选手在第28届奥运会蛙泳比赛进行录像分析,结果表明:1) 北岛康介采用"小波浪式"蛙泳技术,"避阻"技术异常突出,充分利用划臂、蹬腿和腰腹的力量获得最大的推进力,而且在收臂、收腿时始终保持较好的流线型,提高了游进速度.2) 罗雪娟采用"高航式"蛙泳技术,划水效果好,动作频率快,协调,连贯,蹬腿有力,滑行能力强.     

利用定位UAS-RNAi系统筛选果蝇运动抗心功能増龄衰退候选钙调控基因

目的:研究果蝇心肌细胞Ca2+调控相关基因敲减对増龄果蝇心脏功能及寿命的影响,筛选与心脏功能密切相关的Ca2+调控基因作为候选基因,为研究増龄果蝇基于Ca2+调控基因功能改变的心脏运动适应机制提供依据。方法:Hand-GAL4品系雄蝇、Ca2+调控相关基因UAS-RNAi品系雄蝇与野生型W1118处女蝇杂交,获得基因型为Hand/+和calcium regulation gene RNAi/+的F1代果蝇作为对照组果蝇;HandGAL4品系雄蝇与Ca2+调控相关基因UAS-RNAi品系处女蝇杂交,获得F1代基因型为Hand>calcium regulation gene RNAi的果蝇为心肌组织Ca2+调控基因RNAi组果蝇。采用M-mode方法对1周龄(约为人类青少年时期)和5周龄(约为人类中老年时期)成体果蝇心脏功能衰退相关FS、AI、FL等指标进行检测,并统计各组果蝇存活情况,制作存活曲线。结果:Ca MKII基因心肌敲减果蝇与对照组相比:存活率明显下降,1周龄时表现为FS下降显著,FL明显增高,5周龄时表现为DI,FS明显下降,SI,AI和FL显著上升;5周龄Ca-α1D基因心肌敲减果蝇对比同龄对照组,DI、SI明显降低,DD、SD明显增高;5周龄Anx B9基因敲减果蝇AI较同龄对照组显著上升。结论:Ca MKII基因在维持増龄果蝇心脏功能和寿命中发挥着重要作用,Ca MKII、Ca-α1D和Anx B9可作为候选基因研究増龄果蝇心脏功能运动适应的潜在机制。