基于情报学招聘实体挖掘的情报学教育及人才培养分析

[目的/意义]为了帮助情报学学科背景的就业人员掌握市场对情报学人才的具体需要,为情报学的教育者拟定情报学的教育体系和人才培养的目标提供指导。[方法/过程]采集国内各大招聘网站情报学相关职位招聘公告,构建情报学招聘语料库,基于CRF机器学习模型和Bi-LSTM-CRF、BERT、BERT-Bi-LSTM-CRF深度学习模型,从语料库中抽取5类情报学招聘实体进行挖掘分析。[结果/结论]通过在已有2000篇经过标注的职位招聘公告语料库上开展情报学招聘实体自动抽取对比实验,识别效果最佳的CRF模型的整体F值为85.07%,其中对"专业要求"实体的识别F值达到了91.67%。BERT模型在"专业要求"实体识别任务中更是取得了92.10%的F值。使用CRF模型对全部符合要求的5287篇招聘公告进行实体抽取,构建了情报学招聘实体社会网络,并通过信息计量分析与社会网络分析的方式挖掘隐含知识。     

区域海洋经济对国家海洋战略的响应测度

区域海洋经济作为沿海地区经济的重要组成部分,有必要测度其实现其对国家海洋战略响应程度的高低。本文梳理了中国各个时期海洋发展战略的演变趋势,运用以综合赋权法为基础的模糊识别模型、VAR模型及GIS空间技术对海洋经济发展水平进行测度,并分析海洋经济与国家海洋战略之间的响应关系。研究结果表明：①1996-2013年中国海洋经济低值地区发展速度提升较快,高值地区发展有减缓趋势,区域差距逐渐缩小,整体发展水平呈现波动性上升态势;②山东、浙江、江苏对国家海洋战略响应程度一直保持高水平,海洋经济向好的方向发展趋势明显;辽宁、天津、河北早期响应程度较高,2006年以后趋于弱递减平稳状态;上海、广西对战略响应程度保持较高水平,且波动幅度较小,海洋经济发展较为稳定;广东、福建、海南海洋经济发展受国家海洋战略影响不断提升,但存在一定滞后期。因而,未来应因地制宜地分类制定海洋经济发展战略与政策以充分发挥作用。     

中小企业汇率风险的识别及其防范探讨

中小企业的汇率风险受到汇率波动、以外币计价的汇率风险头寸以及合约期限等因素的影响.根据风险来源,汇率风险可分为交易风险、经济风险以及折算风险.中小型外贸企业主要面临交易风险以及经济风险的威胁,而中小型内销企业可能遭遇经济风险,分析汇率风险及成因,并探讨相应的防范对策具有重要意义.     

The impact of preprocessing on text classification

Preprocessing is one of the key components in a typical text classification framework. This paper aims to extensively examine the impact of preprocessing on text classification in terms of various aspects such as classification accuracy, text domain, text language, and dimension reduction. For this purpose, all possible combinations of widely used preprocessing tasks are comparatively evaluated on two different domains, namely e-mail and news, and in two different languages, namely Turkish and English. In this way, contribution of the preprocessing tasks to classification success at various feature dimensions, possible interactions among these tasks, and also dependency of these tasks to the respective languages and domains are comprehensively assessed. Experimental analysis on benchmark datasets reveals that choosing appropriate combinations of preprocessing tasks, rather than enabling or disabling them all, may provide significant improvement on classification accuracy depending on the domain and language studied on.     

基于可变模糊识别的辽宁海洋经济与资源环境协调发展研究

辽宁省是东北唯一的沿海省份,海是辽宁经济可持续发展的根本保证,因此研究辽宁省海洋经济与资源环境的协调发展具有重要的现实意义。本文在对辽宁省海洋资源环境经济现状分析的基础上,提出了海洋资源环境与经济协调发展的评价指标体系,同时采用可变模糊识别模型分析辽宁省海洋资源环境与经济的协调度,结果显示从1996年-2007年辽宁省资源环境和经济协调度是由失调向初步协调发展;同时横向比较辽宁省海洋资源环境与经济的协调度与其它沿海省份的差异,结果说明辽宁省与其它沿海省还有一定的差距,并分析其主要原因。通过研究表明,可变模糊识别模型用于资源环境与经济协调发展研究中,计算简便,评价结果可信度高,具有推广和应用价值。     

带状图像的三角剖分与细化

为了对带状图像进行快速的识别,提出了一种新的带状图像细化算法。通过对带状图像边界的近似多边形顶点集合首先进行三角化,生成三角形网格,接着把多边形外部的三角形去掉,剩余一系列保持拓扑关系的内部三角形,然后根据三角形的类型生成不同的局部骨架,最后连接生成整幅带状图像的骨架。     

“还NP呢”与“到底是NP啊”句式在两种不同思维层面中的比较

本文主要讨论了“还NP呢”（S1）句式与“到底是NP啊”（S2）句式在两种不同思维层面中的同和异;在主观推测层面,S1与S2具有相同的固有推测义;在客观认知层面,S1与S2具有不同的语境认知义。这种不同思维层面的同和异,集中体现了S1与S2这两种不同句式既相互区别,又相互联系。     

内隐面孔再认及其脑机制的研究

该文从两方面对内隐面孔再认的研究进行了回顾:(1)行为研究;(2)神经基础及其运行机制。该文指出,内隐面孔再认多集中在启动的研究上,并发现了面孔的重复启动和语义启动,但面孔熟悉性对二者的影响不同。面孔启动的产生与大脑不同区域的神经活动存在着密切的关系。文章描述了两种与面孔启动有关的效应:重复抑制和重复增强效应。并讨论了对内隐面孔再认影响较大的IAC模型。最后该文提出了对未来研究的展望。     

Facilitating student well-being: relationships do matter

Background: Alongside academic and vocational goals, schools are increasingly being called upon to address student well-being. Existing evidence suggests that strong relationships and a sense of connectedness in school communities are important for fostering subjective well-being. However, identifying the specific nature of such relational dynamics, and accommodating the ‘personal’ within school cultures increasingly dominated by ‘performance’ narratives, remains a problematic task.

Purpose: This paper draws on Honneth’s recognition theory to offer fresh insight into how relationships act to facilitate and limit the experience of well-being at school. We suggest that such an approach holds considerable potential for developing teachers’ understanding of the tacit and explicit ways they and their students experience being cared for, respected and valued and the ways in which such actions impact on well-being.

Design and methods: The paper reports the qualitative findings from a large mixed-method study, involving students and staff across primary and secondary schools in three regions of Australia. The qualitative phase involved focus groups with 606 primary and secondary students and individual interviews with 89 teachers and principals.

Results: Across the focus groups and interviews, students and teachers placed substantial emphasis on the importance of relationships, while reporting differences in their views about which relationships support well-being. Alongside this, there were differences in the importance teachers and students placed on each of the three strands of Honneth’s recognition theory (translated for this study as being cared for, respected and valued) for influencing student well-being.

Conclusions: The findings affirm the critical role that relationships play in promoting well-being in the context of schools. Using recognition theory to analyse students’ and teachers’ views and experiences of well-being provides much greater insight into how these relationships are enacted – this being through the mutual experience of being cared for, respected and valued – within the context of schools.     

试论环境侵权责任

本文以一般民事侵权责任理论为基础，结合环境侵权行为的特殊性，论述了环境侵权责任的构成要件、责任的证明，并着重阐述了构成要件中的因果关系。