Technological research in the EU is less efficient than the world average. EU research policy risks Europeans’ future

We have studied the efficiency of research in the EU by a percentile-based citation approach that analyzes the distribution of country papers among the world papers. Going up in the citation scale, the frequency of papers from efficient countries increases while the frequency from inefficient countries decreases. In the percentile-based approach, this trend, which is uniform at any citation level, is measured by the e_p index that equals the P_{top 1%}/P_{top 10%} ratio. By using the e_p index we demonstrate that EU research on fast-evolving technological topics is less efficient than the world average and that the EU is far from being able to compete with the most advanced countries. The e_p index also shows that the USA is well ahead of the EU in both fast- and slow-evolving technologies, which suggests that the advantage of the USA over the EU in innovation is due to low research efficiency in the EU. In accord with some previous studies, our results show that the European Commission’s ongoing claims about the excellence of EU research are based on a wrong diagnosis. The EU must focus its research policy on the improvement of its inefficient research. Otherwise, the future of Europeans is at risk.     

基础教育研究2020年度发展报告——2020年《中小学教育》论文转载情况统计与分析

通过对2020年度人大复印报刊资料《中小学教育》转载论文的统计分析可以看出,文章来源较为广泛,在被全文转载的文章中,其源报刊所占篇目较多的依次为《课程·教材·教法》《教育发展研究》《教育科学研究》。从第一作者所属单位性质来看,高校仍然处于绝对主体地位。基础教育研究的热点主要集中在疫情下的在线教育研究、教研转型、综合素质评价、教师培训专业化、学生学业负担与精准减负等方面。     

稀磁半导体CdS:CO~(2+)光学吸收谱的理论计算

通过对过渡族自由离子ＣＯ２＋光谱的实验值进行半经验的拟合，得到了它的３ｄ电子波函数，并利用晶体场理论，计算了 ＣｄＳ： ＣＯ２＋的光学吸收谱， 计算结果与实验值吻合很好。     

加快发展高等职业教育的思考

“十五”期间,高等职业教育面临难得的发展机遇,高职院校要抓住机遇,更新教育观念,调整课程体系,创建高职特色,实施素质教育,促进高职教育快速发展。     

Is academic tracking related to gains in learning competence? Using propensity score matching and differential item change functioning analysis for better understanding of tracking implications

This study analyzes gains in cognitive components of learning competence with respect to cohorts based on ability tracking in a Czech longitudinal study. Propensity score matching is used to form parallelized samples of academic and non-academic track students and to eliminate the effect of selective school intake. We applied regression models on the total scores to test for the overall track effect. Furthermore, we analyze scores and gains on the subscores and check for differential item functioning in Grade 6 and in change to Grade 9. While after 3 years, no significant difference between the two tracks was apparent in the total learning competence score, we did, however, find significant differences in some subscores and in the functioning of some items. We argue that item-level analysis is important for deeper understanding of the tracking implications and may provide the basis for more precise evidence-based decisions regarding the tracking policy.     

吴淞商船专科学校的系科演变与课程特点

摘 要:保护航海权与发展航业需要大量高级航业专门人才,这在很大程度上取决于高等学校航海教育的培养。作为我国近代第一所高等商船学校,吴淞商船专科学校是当时高等学校航海教育中的典范,特别是其颇具特色的系科与课程令人印象深刻。该校系科设置与时俱进,课程具有基础课与专业课并重、学习年限渐增、用书重视外文版、内容关注实用性等特点。尽管由于内忧外患的动荡时局、航海教育专项政策偏少、航海专业性研究水平较低以及商船学校自身的某些不足等原因,吴淞商船专科学校存在系科设置不稳定、课程划分过细与实施不顺利以及内容照搬国外等问题,但是总体上该校的举措对当时高等学校航海教育发展起到了较大的推动作用。     

汽车牌照定位研究综述

车牌定位是牌照自动识别系统中最关键的环节，也是检验牌照自动识别系统优劣的重要指标．长期以来，许多学者从事这方面的探讨和研究，相继出现了一些新方法、新思路．尽管如此，目前国内尚无一个完善、通用的牌照定位系统．本文结合国内汽车牌照的特点，对近几年来国内外车辆牌照识别系统研究中出现的车牌定位方法，进行了全面的综述．     

学术论文引文侵权与否的审核

通过对学术论文中引用文献可能导致侵害著作权人合法权益的常见情况加以归纳审核，寻求避免引文侵权的途径，以利于客观、公正、全面、正确地评价学术论文的学术价值和质量。     

从变质量物体的运动谈起

牛顿运动定律以及由牛顿第二定律推导出的动量定理、动量矩定理、动能定理,只适用于宏观低速的情况下,而且在运动的过程中,物体的质量是恒定不变的。然而在宏观低速的情况下,我们会遇到许多变质量物体运动的问题,在此情况下,牛顿运动定律以及由此推导出的三条基本定理将要做一定的修改,其表达式是不一样的。     

谁之死？

尼采的“上帝之死”是指只有否定了上帝的价值和意义,才能独立于世界,意味着一种伦理主体的死亡,是一种道德形象的人之死;福柯的“人之死”是指“人”这一概念将失去意义,意味着一种知识主体的死亡,是一种概念的人之死;罗兰·巴尔特的“作者之死”是指作者的主宰地位被读者所取代,读者获得了自由,文本获得了独立,进而人们可以对文本世界进行可写性阅读。顺乎这一逻辑,现代人又提出了“读者之死”,主要是指具体读者的消失和视觉文化时代的“读者死了”。