On the relationship between environmental management, environmental innovation and patenting: Evidence from German manufacturing firms

This paper analyses empirically the relationship between environmental innovations, environmental management and patenting. In particular it tests a number of propositions on how environmental management systems and the interaction with environmentally more or less concerned stakeholders are associated with the probability of firms to pursue innovation in general (measured as patenting behaviour) and specifically environmental innovation (measured based on firm self-assessment and through patent data). In applying a negative binomial as well as binary discrete choice models the relationship is studied using data on German manufacturing firms. As a novel and important insight, the study finds that environmental innovation can be meaningfully identified using patent data and that environmental innovation defined this way is less ubiquitous than self-reported environmental innovation. It also reveals that the implementation level of environmental management systems has a positive effect exclusively on environmental process innovation, whereas it is negatively associated with the level of a firms’ general patenting activities. For environmental product innovation and patented environmental innovations a positive relationship with environmentally concerned and a negative link with environmentally neutral stakeholders is found.     

The dynamics of technological change in UK retail banking services: An evolutionary perspective

The purpose of this paper is to elaborate an evolutionary perspective on the process of structural change that has characterized the banking industry in the United Kingdom (UK). For this purpose, the evolution of retail financial services is contrasted against the backdrop of the implementation and development of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The paper delves into the sources and the effects of technological change in banking over a long-term perspective (1840s-1990s) to point out the significance of the opportunities and the constraints that have shaped the growth and development of this industry. This is interpreted as a three-stage evolutionary process driven by intertemporal coordination across several complementary domains, including activities of production, business organization, consumption and the underlying regulatory setting. It is concluded that the evolution of UK retail banking displays the characteristics of a distributed process of innovation in which developers of technologies, service suppliers and customers contribute to the process of structural change of the industry.     

One size fits all?: Towards a differentiated regional innovation policy approach

Innovation has moved to the foreground in regional policy in the last decade. Concrete policies were shaped by “best practice models” derived from high-tech areas and well performing regions. These are often applied in a similar way across many types of regions. Here an attempt is made to show that there is no “ideal model” for innovation policy as innovation activities differ strongly between central, peripheral and old industrial areas. In this paper we analyse different types of regions with respect to their preconditions for innovation, networking and innovation barriers. Based on this classification different policy options and strategies are developed.     

Exploration and exploitation in innovation systems: The case of pharmaceutical biotechnology

This paper develops a theoretical framework for an explanation of how exploitation and exploration build on each other, in a ‘cycle of discovery’, developed in earlier research. The framework is tested empirically, in the sense of seeing whether it can help to reconstruct and understand the emergence of the pharmaceutical industry. One of the conclusions is that whereas recent literature stresses the idiosyncratic nature of the biotechnological revolution, our analysis seems to reveal that this does not seem to be as unique as suggested. From this, we conclude that the theoretical framework we propose, serves its purpose of explanation. But there are also some lessons for improving it.     

从系统论看我国法制建设的复杂性

我国法制建设是一项社会系统工程。系统复杂性理论和系统科学的其他理论与方法，为我国法制系统工程的建设提供了理论工具。本文从系统论的角度，分析我国法制系统的结构、功能和复杂性，并提出建设我国法制系统工程需要解决的若干问题。     

Open Source software in US higher education: Reality or illusion?

As institutions of Higher Education try to balance limited resources with the rising costs of technology, some institutions are turning to Open Source software for campus-wide applications such as course management systems and portals. The assumption is that Open Source will provide the flexibility to build pedagogically sound learning environments while increasing technology efficiencies. This paper outlines the current state of Open Source software deployment in US Higher Education based on a survey of 772 Chief Academic Officers and Chief Information Officers conducted in 2006. The results indicate that Carnegie classification is a critical differentiator of awareness, adoption, and perceptions of Open Source software applications, with perceived cost of ownership being the key driver of Open Source adoption. Moreover, the study shows that institutions have made little progress in the development of polices and procedures for Open Source regulatory compliance and security. The study serves as a baseline for future research into the conditions for successful use of Open Source for supporting integrated learning environments that deliver campus-wide efficiencies.

实验室综合管理系统的开发与应用

实验教学是高等学校加强素质教育、建立创新人才培养体系的重要环节.结合高校专业实验教学的实际情况,采用ASP语言开发了基于Web的实验室综合管理系统,完成了综合管理系统的总体结构、数据库设计、各功能模块设计,可实现实验排课、实验预约、实验管理、设备开放管理,为进一步提高式实验室开放质量提供了必要的技术支持.     

小型风力发电机外特性测试平台的设计

设计并实现了一个小型风力发电机的外特性测试平台,平台包括低速开放式风洞、数据采集系统两部分.风洞设计成口径3.5 m的直流式风洞,实验段采用圆形截面,动力段采用多风机提供动力,在风流通过蜂窝器后,大大改善了风流效果并提高了可靠性.数据采集系统通过工业控制数据采集卡对风速、风力发电机转速、输出电压、电流等进行数据采集和处理.通过对某小型风力发电机进行测试的结果表明,平台可满足测试小型风机外特性的实验要求.     

电子信息类专业操作系统实验课程的设计和实践

在电子信息专业的操作系统课程实验教学中提出并实践了一系列教改措施.编写了具有电子信息类特色的实验教材;突出了“原理—实例一实践”的具有专业特色的课堂教学与实验教学相结合新模式;实验内容具有信息与通信工程专业、电子科学技术、自动化专业和信息安全专业的特色.实践了“突出重点—因材施教—重点研讨—评析总结”4个环节构成的新型实验教学方法.     

浅论高校教学管理信息化系统建设模式

在我国高校中采用信息化系统进行教学管理,不但是顺应科技发展的需要,更是高校自身发展与提升的需要。本文着重介绍了高校教学管理信息化系统的建设模式与发展现状。