数字图书馆建设与图书馆员心态调整

分析了数字图书馆建设进程中馆员的临时和应付心理、焦虑和畏难心理、封闭和逆反心理三种不良心态,提出了解决问题的相应措施。     

Psychological well-being and ethnic identities of Jewish adolescents planning emigration from Russia and Ukraine to Israel: Changes during the post-perestroika period

This study examines psychological well-being and ethnic identities of Jewish adolescents planning emigration from Russia and Ukraine to Israel. Measurements were conducted in 1999 (n = 654) and in 2005 (n = 243). The adolescents were questioned about half a year before they left their homeland. In Russia, adolescents who planned emigration in 2005 had less emotional and behavioral problems and suffered less from loneliness than their peers in 1999. In Ukraine, no improvement was found in psychological well-being; moreover, the school competence of adolescents who planned emigration in 2005 was lower compared to their peers in 1999. Adolescents who planned emigration from Russia and Ukraine in 2005 reported a more positive attitude towards their homeland and stronger identification with the ethnic majority in their homeland than the adolescents who planned emigration in 1999. The emigrants’ attitude towards Israel did not change from 1999 to 2005. Their identification with Jews was weaker in 2005 as compared with 1999. In both cohorts, the adolescents’ attitude towards Israel was more positive than their attitude towards Russia or Ukraine, and their identification with Jews was stronger than that with Russians or Ukrainians. In 1999, Russian/Ukrainian and Jewish-Israeli facets of the emigrants’ ethnic identity were contradictory, while they were complementary in 2005.     

The mental health and psychological well-being of refugee children and young people: an exploration of risk,resilience and protective factors

This research investigates the perceptions of refugee children, refugee parents and school staff regarding the positive adaptation of refugee children in a new social context and the effects on mental health and psychological well-being. This included an exploration of resilience and the role of risk and protective factors. Few studies have focused on views from a resilience perspective, and these have tended to use quantitative rather than qualitative measures. This mixed methods piece of “real world” research adopted a “what’s working well” perspective and explored the important voices of these children, parents and school staff. Staff, parent and child responses were triangulated to provide a rich picture of the potential protective factors operating within the school and family environment. Implications for practice are discussed.     

Steering a course towards eudaimonia: the effects of sail training on well-being and character

Sail training voyages have been shown to enhance self-constructs and inter-personal and intra-personal skills. It is suggested through this case-study approach with twelve 14 year-old crew participants that such an experience contributes towards well-being and character development in emerging adulthood. An audit of voyage-based experiences generated an inventory of 58 authentic activities and participants completed questionnaires immediately post-voyage (T¹) and six months later (T²) to rate the significance of each activity. The highest rated activities reflected Maslow’s lower order of needs with a two-thirds correspondence at T¹ and T². Helming (or steering the vessel) was ranked as the most significant activity by participants in both time periods, although participants had questioned their ability to do this before the voyage. Helming is suggested to activate cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains in an authentic adventure education experience that contributes to hedonic well-being and may provide a course towards eudaimonia.     

应对方式、社会支持与幼儿教师总体幸福感关系研究

采用肖计划等编制的＂应付方式问卷＂、肖水源设计的社会支持评定量表及美国国立卫生统计中心制订的总体幸福感量表,对5所幼儿园的150名幼儿教师进行了调查,结果表明：（1）＂解决问题＂、＂求助＂这两种应对方式与幼儿教师总体幸福感得分存在显著的正相关（P〈0.001）;（2）＂自责＂、＂幻想＂、＂退避＂、＂合理化＂这四种应对方式与幼儿教师总体幸福感得分存在显著的负相关（P〈0.001）;（3）社会支持量表得分与幼儿教师总体幸福感得分存在显著的正相关（P〈0.001）;（4）社会支持量表得分和应对方式中的＂解决问题＂这一应对方式对幼儿教师的总体幸福感有预测作用。最后提出了提升幼儿教师总体幸福感的干预对策。     

初中生人际信任度与主观幸福感、自我效能感关系研究

为探讨初中学生人际信任度与主观幸福感、自我效能感的关系。本研究选取山东潍坊市两所初级中学的初一至初三年级的150名初中学生作为调查对象。采用儿童马氏量表（版本3）、总体幸福感量表（GWB）、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）进行测量,进而揭示初中学生的人际信任与主观幸福感、一般自我效能感的状况及其三者之间的关系。结果表明：初中生的人际信任与主观幸福感有较高的相关;初中学生的人际关系与其自我效能感有较高的相关：初中生的自我效能感与主观幸福感有较高的相关。总之,初中生人际信任对主观幸福感、自我效能感有极其显著的影响。     

伦理型领导对知识员工公正感和满意度的影响

伦理型领导对员工影响的以往研究注重组织内部变量,相对忽视其社会效应。本研究通过对高新技术企业310名知识型员工的调查,分析了伦理型领导对知识型员工社会公正感和生活满意度等社会性变量的影响。层次回归分析和结构方程建模结果发现:伦理型领导对知识型员工社会公正感和生活满意度有显著的正向影响,组织公正感和工作满意度在其中起到了中介作用。结论支持了伦理型领导对社会结果变量的效应。     

高校贫困生主观幸福感的缺失与提升

本文从当今高校贫困生主观幸福感缺失现状及原因的探究入手,进一步从理论与实践两个角度深入思考高校贫困生主观幸福感提升的路径与对策,提出高校贫困生主观幸福感的提升不仅仅需要家庭、学校、社会的关爱与支持,更需要贫困生树立正确的人生观、幸福观,不断提高自身素质。     

不同人口特征与城市居民幸福感关系的研究——以南京市为例

以心理学家普遍认同的幸福感概念为基础,使用Campbell幸福感指数量表对南京市城市居民幸福感进行了实证调查,对南京市城市居民不同人口特征与幸福感之间的关系进行了描述与讨论,调查发现,除了性别之外,其它人口特征与幸福感之间都存在一定的相关性,并从心理学和社会学角度对调查结果进行了解释。