Parents' involvement in adolescents' schooling: a multidimensional conceptualisation and mediational model

This study examined the impact of parental involvement on adolescents' academic achievement in Korean families. The major strengths of the current research are the study of multiple dimensions of parental involvement, the longitudinal design and the consideration of mediating variables. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of parental involvement on students' academic achievement using data from a nationally representative sample of middle school students from the Korea Youth Panel Survey. Results indicated: (1) parental involvement dimensions positively influenced achievement through its effects on student self‐concept and locus of control; and (2) parents' increased participation in involvement practices (monitoring, educational expectation and affection) increases students' self‐concept and locus of control.     

Paternal involvement in the statutory assessment of special educational needs

There are manifold benefits of parental involvement in a child’s education, but there is evidence of gender imbalances in parental involvement. This article describes research into fathers’ involvement with educational psychologists (EPs) working with children undergoing statutory assessment. A content analysis of children’s files from one educational psychology service was conducted to assess the level of paternal involvement in EPs’ work, and semi‐structured interviews with eight fathers were used to identify factors that affected their involvement with EPs’ work. Fathers were less involved than mothers, and a number of factors affecting fathers’ involvement was identified. The discussion of findings is informed by Community Psychology, Ecosystemic Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, and strategies to promote paternal involvement are identified.     

Parental involvement in secondary education schools: the views of parents in Greece

The present study explores Greek parents’ views on parental educational involvement and its impact on adolescent scholastic and social development. Specifically, aspects of parental involvement such as the achieved objectives of current parent–school communication, the psychological climate dominating teacher–parent interactions and parents’ suggestions for improvement of current policies and practices are examined. Four hundred and seventy‐five parents participated in the study. Findings showed that family–school communication is believed to be insufficient in Greece, despite the fact that parents tend to: (1) regard their cooperation with teachers as determinative of adolescent academic and psychosocial development; (2) consider teachers to be friendly and caring; and (3) believe that secondary school provides some opportunities for constructive parental involvement. These paradoxes are discussed and explained as a result of radical changes in current social and educational values, principles and objectives.     

White working class achievement: an ethnographic study of barriers to learning in schools

This study aims to examine the key barriers to learning to raise achievement of White British pupils with low‐income backgrounds. The main findings suggest that the worryingly low‐achievement levels of many White working class pupils have been masked by the middle class success in the English school system and government statistics that fail to distinguish the White British ethnic group by social background. The empirical data confirm that one of the biggest groups of underachievers is the White British working class and their outcomes at each key stage are considerably below those achieved by all other ethnic groups. One of the main reasons for pupil underachievement, identified in the case study schools and focus groups, is parental low aspirations of their children’s education and social deprivation. It is also perpetuated by factors such as low‐literacy levels, feelings of marginalisation within the community exacerbated by housing allocation, a lack of community and school engagement, low levels of parental engagement and lack of targeted support to break the cycle of poverty and disadvantage, a legacy of low aspiration that prevents pupils from fulfilling their potential across a range of areas. The study concludes that the main obstacle in raising achievement is the government’s failure to recognise that this group has particular needs that are not being met by the school system. The government needs to recognise that the underachievement of White British working class pupils is not only a problem facing educational services but profoundly a serious challenge. Policy implications and recommendations are discussed in the final section.     

家长参与学生家庭作业的类型及其价值

家庭作业是学校教师布置给学生,让他们在课外时间完成的任务。家庭作业作为学生学习的重要任务,其完成的质与量是检验学习效果、衡量教学质量的重要指标。家长参与学生的家庭作业具有不同的类型及表现形式,对学生的学习会产生不同的影响。通过探讨家长参与学生家庭作业的类型,以期为学校教育和家庭教育提供借鉴。     

大学生网络受欺凌与网络欺凌的关系:手机成瘾与父母情感温暖的作用

采用网络欺凌问卷、大学生手机成瘾倾向问卷和父母情感温暖问卷,调查了906名大学生,考察了手机成瘾在网络受欺凌与网络欺凌间的中介效应,探究了父母情感温暖对这一中介过程的调节效应。发现:网络受欺凌、手机成瘾、网络欺凌两两之间存在显著正相关;手机成瘾在网络受欺凌与网络欺凌中发挥部分中介作用;父母情感温暖在这一中介路径中起到调节作用。具体而言,随着母亲情感温暖水平的提高,网络受欺凌通过手机成瘾对网络欺凌的间接作用会减弱;然而,随着父亲情感温暖水平的提高,网络受欺凌通过手机成瘾对网络欺凌的间接作用会增强。大学生网络受欺凌既能直接影响网络欺凌,也可通过手机成瘾产生间接影响,高校心理健康教育应合理利用父母情感温暖对大学生网络欺凌与成瘾行为的干预作用,避免网络欺凌在高校的恶性循环。     

Developing scales to measure parental mediation of young children's internet use

With children using digital media at ever younger ages, media-education becomes a pressing issue for parents. As there is hardly any research on how parents guide the online activities of toddlers and young children an internet-survey was held among 792 Dutch parents of children aged between 2 and 12 years. Factor analysis revealed that for the internet, parents partly use the same strategies they also apply for television and video games: ‘co-use’, ‘active mediation’, and ‘restrictive mediation’. In addition, they also utilise new strategies: ‘supervision’ and ‘technical safety guidance’. Mediation was mainly predicted by the child's age and online behaviour (e.g., gaming, social networking), as well as by the number of computers in the home and the parents' gender, education and computer/internet skills. Finally, parents also use more mediation when they expect that the internet has a positive effect and particularly when they believe that it has a negative impact.     

延边地区圈养黑熊基因DNA中部分微卫星位点的探讨

本研究采用分光光度法及琼脂糖凝胶电泳比较从黑熊组织、血液以及毛发中提取的黑熊基因组DNA,发现提取的DNA浓度及纯度均可满足后续试验的需要。其中毛发DNA提取方法具有高灵敏度、操作简单、非损伤等特点,有助于开展珍稀濒危物种和性情凶猛动物的遗传特性研究。本文还根据文献中黑熊的11个微卫星位点设计并合成引物,进行了不同引物PCR最佳反应条件的筛选。对黑熊DNA基因组PCR扩增结果发现其中10对引物能扩增出较明显的扩增带,为后续的黑熊亲子鉴定及遗传特异性分析实验提供了有价值的资料,为其亲权概率的准确性提供了良好的参考依据。     

“芦苇系列”创作对古代美学思想的借鉴与思考

托物言志是传统绘画的重要美学思想之一。本人在创作＂芦苇系列＂作品时也尝试托物言志的思想,使画面更为丰满而富有想象的张力。