基于自我保护动机的内隐建言信念对员工沉默的影响——一项中国情境的研究

组织中普遍存在的员工沉默,对组织和员工的良性发展均存在极大的负面影响。从社会认知视角出发,实证检验了基于自我保护动机的内隐建言信念与员工沉默行为的关系,并立足本土情境,考察了中庸思维和上下属关系在该过程中所起的作用。结果显示,基于自我保护动机的内隐建言信念对默许沉默、防御沉默和漠视沉默均具有显著的正向作用。中庸思维和上下属关系是内隐建言信念影响员工沉默重要的边界条件,表现为中庸思维调节了内隐建言信念与防御沉默和漠视沉默的正向关系,员工的中庸思维程度越高,内隐建言信念与防御沉默和漠视沉默的正向关系越强;上下属关系调节了内隐建言信念与默许沉默和漠视沉默的正向关系,员工与领导的上下属关系越强,内隐建言信念与默许沉默和漠视沉默的正向关系越强。     

Parents' involvement in adolescents' schooling: a multidimensional conceptualisation and mediational model

This study examined the impact of parental involvement on adolescents' academic achievement in Korean families. The major strengths of the current research are the study of multiple dimensions of parental involvement, the longitudinal design and the consideration of mediating variables. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of parental involvement on students' academic achievement using data from a nationally representative sample of middle school students from the Korea Youth Panel Survey. Results indicated: (1) parental involvement dimensions positively influenced achievement through its effects on student self‐concept and locus of control; and (2) parents' increased participation in involvement practices (monitoring, educational expectation and affection) increases students' self‐concept and locus of control.     

Paternal involvement in the statutory assessment of special educational needs

There are manifold benefits of parental involvement in a child’s education, but there is evidence of gender imbalances in parental involvement. This article describes research into fathers’ involvement with educational psychologists (EPs) working with children undergoing statutory assessment. A content analysis of children’s files from one educational psychology service was conducted to assess the level of paternal involvement in EPs’ work, and semi‐structured interviews with eight fathers were used to identify factors that affected their involvement with EPs’ work. Fathers were less involved than mothers, and a number of factors affecting fathers’ involvement was identified. The discussion of findings is informed by Community Psychology, Ecosystemic Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, and strategies to promote paternal involvement are identified.     

Parental involvement in secondary education schools: the views of parents in Greece

The present study explores Greek parents’ views on parental educational involvement and its impact on adolescent scholastic and social development. Specifically, aspects of parental involvement such as the achieved objectives of current parent–school communication, the psychological climate dominating teacher–parent interactions and parents’ suggestions for improvement of current policies and practices are examined. Four hundred and seventy‐five parents participated in the study. Findings showed that family–school communication is believed to be insufficient in Greece, despite the fact that parents tend to: (1) regard their cooperation with teachers as determinative of adolescent academic and psychosocial development; (2) consider teachers to be friendly and caring; and (3) believe that secondary school provides some opportunities for constructive parental involvement. These paradoxes are discussed and explained as a result of radical changes in current social and educational values, principles and objectives.     

White working class achievement: an ethnographic study of barriers to learning in schools

This study aims to examine the key barriers to learning to raise achievement of White British pupils with low‐income backgrounds. The main findings suggest that the worryingly low‐achievement levels of many White working class pupils have been masked by the middle class success in the English school system and government statistics that fail to distinguish the White British ethnic group by social background. The empirical data confirm that one of the biggest groups of underachievers is the White British working class and their outcomes at each key stage are considerably below those achieved by all other ethnic groups. One of the main reasons for pupil underachievement, identified in the case study schools and focus groups, is parental low aspirations of their children’s education and social deprivation. It is also perpetuated by factors such as low‐literacy levels, feelings of marginalisation within the community exacerbated by housing allocation, a lack of community and school engagement, low levels of parental engagement and lack of targeted support to break the cycle of poverty and disadvantage, a legacy of low aspiration that prevents pupils from fulfilling their potential across a range of areas. The study concludes that the main obstacle in raising achievement is the government’s failure to recognise that this group has particular needs that are not being met by the school system. The government needs to recognise that the underachievement of White British working class pupils is not only a problem facing educational services but profoundly a serious challenge. Policy implications and recommendations are discussed in the final section.     

家长参与学生家庭作业的类型及其价值

家庭作业是学校教师布置给学生,让他们在课外时间完成的任务。家庭作业作为学生学习的重要任务,其完成的质与量是检验学习效果、衡量教学质量的重要指标。家长参与学生的家庭作业具有不同的类型及表现形式,对学生的学习会产生不同的影响。通过探讨家长参与学生家庭作业的类型,以期为学校教育和家庭教育提供借鉴。     

中学音乐教学中的练声问题

中学音乐教学中歌唱发声训练是一项细致又复杂的教学工作,不同的年龄阶段有不同的发声训练要求,在当前中学音乐教学的练声方面存在着“成人化”、“专业化”的现象。应根据中学生的年龄和心理特点,科学进行声音训练。     

基于单片机的公交车自动报站器的设计

本文介绍了设计使用AT89S51单片机作为控制核心的公交车自动报站器,通过控制ISD4004语音芯片的语音录放和LED显示汉字的功能,实现了公交车自动报站器的语音报站和汉字显示功能。介绍了语音报站部分、汉字显示部分、键盘控制部分的硬件电路图和软件程序的编写,并对最小系统的软硬件做了简单介绍。     

浅析网络流行语中的“被式”结构

近年来,随着社会的发展,现代汉语的词汇出现了前所未有的繁荣。随着互联网络语、校园语和时尚语的流行,现代汉语的词汇宝库中出现了许多亮眼的新词。也就是在这种文化背景下,"被就业"、"被时代"等"被式"家族应运而生。从"被"字的演变,我们不仅看到典型的时代背景下当代人的生活状态和心理状态,更能看出新词所体现的社会性和时代性。文章从"被××"结构说开去,从"被"字的演变,"被就业"、"被时代"等"被××"结构的产生,它们所反映的人们的生活状态,以及由此得出的感想四个方面作出阐释,从而得出"被××"结构的社会性所反映的当代人的心理状态的结论。     

僭越传统的女性言说——凌叔华《花之寺》中的叙述声音

对于女性作家而言,作者型叙述声音有碍于女性以女性身份发出自己的声音,却有助于女性形成文本的叙述权威。凌叔华对既有的文本常规和主流意识形态,采取了既合作又反抗的姿态,在其代表作《花之寺》中巧妙建立属于女性的文本叙述权威。小说传达了女性人物内心的希望与失望,描写女性内心获取了读者对女性的同情,而深入男性内心则体现了对男权制度的批判。《花之寺》中的文本具有在表面上遵从传统而实质上僭越于传统的双重特征。