政府创新的基本策略

当前，推动我国政府创新具有重大意义。提升政府创新能力主要有以下策略：实现政府工作信息化，营造政府创新文化和创新环境，加强政府的人才资源能力建设，构建政府工作的压力制度，建设参与型政府和学习型政府，持续推进政府改革等。     

Participatory action research and the challenges of knowledge democracy

ABSTRACT

Participatory action research investigates the living and working conditions of people by actively involving them in the research process and thus broadening their horizons and empowering them to improve their situation. The radical idea of knowledge democracy is to recognize and respect the existing knowledge and epistemologies of traditional communities, ethnic tribes, socially marginalized groups and grass roots movements as valuable resources, essential for the comprehensive understanding required to find solutions to complex local as well as global problems. Nevertheless, the question arises whether science and alternative knowledges really are compatible and on an equal footing? Is science not superior to all other knowledge systems? On the other hand, is science and its exclusive claim to rationality and universalism not the back side of the colonial project of ‘epistemicide’ – the subjugation and eradication of all traditional knowledges worldwide? Do not some of these knowledges offer ways of thinking that are valuable and eye-opening but inaccessible to science? Well known examples of a fruitful dialogue between different epistemologies are ethnobotany, complementary medicine and ethnomathematics. Knowledge democracy means appreciative exchange of different perspectives which through collaboration and partnership between local people and researchers can lead to sustainable solutions of complex problems, more self-consciousness and emancipation from social constraints.     

Intervention fidelity in participatory research: a framework

ABSTRACT

In community interventions more generally, the concept of fidelity refers to the degree to which a program is delivered as intended. The present paper discusses ways in which fundamental aspects of participatory research challenge the concept of fidelity and differ from more traditional science-dominated approaches. We begin with a discussion of the fidelity concept and some of its strengths and limitations. We then discuss both social problems and proposed solutions as representing complex problems defying simple or permanent solutions. We suggest that three prominent aspects of participatory research highlight this complexity and pose challenges in assessing fidelity. First, in participatory research, the goal is not only scientific but also social action on a local issue as well. Second, the participatory process among varied partners is itself part of the intervention itself to be understood as affecting both processes and outcomes. Third, the goals of participatory research include community-level as well as individual-level changes. These issues are illustrated in a discussion of how culture is conceptualized and acknowledged in fidelity assessment. We conclude with some recommendations for approaching fidelty in participatory research in a way that appreciates its differences from more traditional paradigms underlying community interventions.     

参与式教学在物流与供应链管理课程中的实践与探索

参与式教学是发挥学生主体作用、培养学生创新能力的有效途径。本文分析了情景模拟和小组任务两种参与式教学形式的特点,研究两种方法在物流与供应链课程教学实践中的问题,并提出改进建议,对于提升教学效果起到了积极作用。     

西方国家高等教育学费政策的变化及其影响--以英国、澳大利亚、爱尔兰和美国为例

20世纪90年代以来高等教育学费政策在许多国家发生了很大变化,这些变化对高等教育的发展产生了重要影响.以英国、澳大利亚、爱尔兰和美国等国为例,英国学费政策实施时间虽短但处于不断调整之中;澳大利亚毕业后付费政策在世界上独树一帜;爱尔兰反其道而行之,取消学费效果最终如何?美国引领世界高等教育潮流,学费不断上涨结果如何?是什么因素影响学费政策的变化?这些国家学费政策变化最终会产生什么影响?     

Do private schools improve public school quality or increase stratification?

Utilizing a 4-year longitudinal dataset (2007−08 to 2010−11) of 212 public secondary schools from two districts in Nepal, I conduct panel regression analyses to determine the association between public school high stakes examination outcomes and measures of private sector competition. I find that there does not seem to be a significant positive or negative association between public school outcomes and the extent of private competition in recent years. However, there is evidence to suggest that the gap between public and private school outcomes is higher in localities with higher private sector growth, providing suggestive evidence of stratification.     

社交媒体环境中的参与式档案管理模式探析

用理论建构的方法探讨社交媒体环境中档案管理的转型问题,提出参与式的档案管理模式。首先,界定基于特里·库克的社会/社区范式而提出的参与式档案管理模式的内涵; 其次,对社交媒体环境中的参与式档案管理模式进行具体解析,论证其必要性;最后,从目标、理念、对象、主体、平台、鉴定标准以及管理模型7个方面阐述参与式档案管理模式的具体内容。     

青藏铁路对西藏旅游的影响

介绍了青藏铁路的建设情况和西藏旅游的独特魅力,在总结制约西藏旅游发展因素的基础上,从旅游开发、自然生态环境、文化环境、社会环境等层面对青藏铁路给藏区旅游带来的影响展开讨论,并指出西藏地区的旅游发展必须将可持续性作为未来的长期发展战略,走一条旅游开发与自然生态、人文环境双赢的绿色道路。     

参与式教学实施环节中常见的偏差与解决对策——来自参与式教师培训效果的调查

参与式教学的成功运用,取决于教师对教学实施环节的正确把握。对于我省参与式教学的实施中存在的环境与道具使用过于僵化、教条,小组工作不讲求实效,教学目的不明确,课堂教学中游戏泛滥,参与方法使用过于频繁,由于教师学术素养低而导致的教学总结、引导不够,教学质量不能保证等问题,依次提出解决对策。     

鲁迅与《豫报副刊》

20世纪20年代中期,《豫报副刊》是河南文艺发展史上值得一提的综合性文艺副刊。它是一种具有进步倾向的刊物,且与鲁迅有着密不可分的联系。鲁迅支持该刊的筹备和发行,并关心和帮助该刊的青年作家。鲁迅在该刊发表4篇《通信》,着重批评国民性问题,号召青年大胆讲话、勇敢前进。鲁迅对《豫报副刊》的影响和指导,使该刊发挥了更大的战斗作用,也造就了一批优秀人才。