“自我认同”的动力、阻力和压力及其关系研究

“自我认同”的发展过程中并非一条直线而是一条曲线，这是不同性质的力起作用的结果。“自我认同”的动力是推动“自我认同”趋向和谐一致的力；“自我认同”的阻力是阻碍自我在一致性进程中发展的力；“自我认同”压力是规制认同发展方向实现可能自我的力。这三者相互作用、相互转化，使得人的社会生活呈现出一幅生动的历史辩证画卷。     

“加阻力牵引训练”法对提高足球运动员奔跑能力的实验

本文以大学生足球运动员为实验对象。分试验组和对照组进行了两阶段60天的60米跑“加阻力牵引训练”,经统计分析,可知这种训练法对提高奔跑能力有积极意义。     

24周运动对肥胖绝经妇女血清瘦素水平的影响及与脂代谢的关系

目的:研究24周不同方式的规律运动对肥胖绝经妇女(52.5±3.10岁,BMI:27.65±1.45)血清瘦素的影响,及其与体成分、脂代谢变化的关系。方法:46名受试者随机分成3组[有氧练习组(AER),有氧加抗阻练习组(AER RES),控制组(CON)]进行24周的训练。AER组每周3次,每次70 min,60%～70%HRmax强度,AER RES组运动方案与AER组基本相似,只是在基本部分进行20min抗阻练习。实验前、后测量形态学指标、血脂、胰岛素、瘦素等。结果:实验后两个运动组的体脂百分比、BMI、体脂含量、体重、WHR显著下降,甘油三酯显著下降,而HDL-C显著上升;胰岛素水平出现非常显著的下降,AER组下降10.63%(P<0.05),AER RES组下降19.90%(P<0.01);AER组瘦素水平显著下降,而AER RES组则没有显著变化;CON组所有指标都没有良性的变化。运动后瘦素水平的变化量与体脂百分比、WHR及体重的变化量显著相关;运动后体重下降大的(≥3 kg)受试对象与体重未下降者相比,瘦素水平有非常显著性的下降。结论:24周运动改善了肥胖妇女的体成分和血脂,而瘦素水平的变化与体重变化密切相关。     

再论武术文化的消极保护

面对武术文化近年来在保护方面存在的缺失,当前对其实施全面的消极保护意义重大。研究认为:消极保护与积极发展是武术传承过程中密不可分的两个方面;而从主观上进一步明确武术文化消极保护的重要性、人力物力上的充分保障以及消极保护方法与手段上的不断创新三个方面,是武术文化消极保护得以顺利实施的关键。     

构建高校体育教学新理念

文章通过对体育教学现状的分析,论述了在高等教育改革发展的影响下,体育教学改革的核心是思想和观念的变革,指出了体育教学迎合新教学理念的改革措施。加强自身学习,使教师知识结构从单一结构向复合结构转变,可以转换角色发挥教师的主导作用,实现"导"的真实价值;唤起学生参与意识,变被动教学为主动教学;从而打破传统的教学模式,建立多样化的、新的教学模式。     

被动运动和电刺激对失神经大鼠股骨生物力学性能影响的研究

目的:探讨被动运动和电刺激对失神经大鼠股骨生物力学性能的影响。方法:切断大鼠坐骨神经和股神经,造成失神经支配大鼠废用性骨质疏松模型,并随机将大鼠分为假手术组、对照组(NCG)、被动运动组(PMG)、电刺激组(ESG)和被动运动 电刺激组(PMESG)5组,观察各组大鼠股骨生物力学指标的变化。结果:与假手术组比较,其余各组股骨弹性模量、极限强度、结构刚度、最大载荷、能量吸收均显著性降低(P<0.05),最大应变值显著性升高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,各组弹性模量、极限强度、结构刚度、最大载荷、能量吸收均显著性升高(P<0.05),最大应变值除被动运动组仅见降低趋势外(P>0.05),其余各组均显著性降低(P<0.05)。结论:大鼠失神经支配可引起股骨生物力学性能下降,电刺激和被动运动治疗可减缓失神经大鼠股骨生物力学性能的改变。因此,被动运动和电刺激能有效预防失神经所致的废用性骨质疏松,二者联合作用效果更佳。     

赛艇兴波阻力的计算

回顾了船舶兴波阻力计算的发展历程,采用Michell积分计算赛艇兴波阻力是比较理想的。通过对两条双人赛艇和一条单人艇的计算及分析表明:赛艇的兴波阻力随速度的增加会出现阻力的"峰点"和"谷点"。较高的速度有利于专项技术的训练,中等速度有利于专项力量的训练,速度太低,训练就不会达到很理想的效果。     

寡聚糖激发子诱导杨树抗溃疡病的生化机制

用已筛选的3种寡聚糖激发子A1、B、C3分别诱导毛白杨愈伤组织,以加无菌水为对照,并在诱导48 h后挑战接种杨树溃疡病菌,测定毛白杨愈伤组织中苯丙氨酸解氨酶、几丁质酶和抗坏血酸氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明,3种寡聚糖激发子A1、B、C3诱导48 h后接种杨树溃疡病菌,毛白杨愈伤组织中苯丙氨酸解氨酶和几丁质酶活性均呈单峰曲线变化,并且变化趋势基本上满足:A1>B>C3>CK(对照接种),而抗坏血酸氧化酶活性的变化为:在发病初期和中期(0-48 h)诱导接种毛白杨愈伤组织均高于对照接种,而在发病后期(t>48 h)对照接种毛白杨愈伤组织高于诱导接种,因此,可以得出寡聚糖激发子A1的诱导抗病性比寡聚糖激发子B和C3都强。     

Abdominal Obesity Associated with Elevated Serum Butyrylcholinesterase Activity,Insulin Resistance and Reduced High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Levels

Abdominal obesity (AO) has a strong correlation with cardiovascular disease and has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association between AO and elevated serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity, insulin resistance and the serum lipid profile, including triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in AO and non-AO women subjects. A total of 500 AO subjects (age 49.1 ± 10.5 years), and 142 non-AO women subjects (age 49.9 ± 11.9 years) were enrolled for the general biochemistry tests, serum BChE, fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Body mass index, waist circumference, Blood pressure (BP), plasma glucose (Glu), triglyceride (TG), BChE, insulin, HOMA-IR were significantly higher and HDL-C levels were significantly lower in AO subjects (p < 0.05). Waist circumference was significantly correlated with BP, Glu, TG, BChE, insulin and HOMA-IR in AO subjects. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that AO was associated with elevated BChE, HOMA-IR, hypertension and reduced HDL-C after adjusting for these variables. AO is associated with elevated BChE, insulin resistance, HT and reduced HDL-C. These may predict the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and may be associated with cognitive disorder in the future, both are mediated through insulin resistance.     

Clinico-Biochemical Correlation Between Psoriasis and Insulin Resistance

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with an increased insulin resistance, obesity and cardiovascular risk. The present study was aimed to assess insulin resistance and pattern of body fat deposition in psoriasis. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured in 40 psoriatic patients and 46 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum insulin level were measured by standard photometric method and ELISA respectively. HOMA-IR (homeostatic model of insulin resistance) was calculated by appropriate software. The results indicated that case and control groups were comparable in terms of age and sex (p = 0.934) with an increased prevalence of psoriasis among male subjects (60 %). FBG and mean WC between the two groups were statistically not significant (p value = 0.271 and 0.21 respectively). BMI was significantly higher in case group compared to the control group (p = 0.049). Serum insulin level and insulin resistance in the psoriatic patients were significantly higher (p value <0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that insulin resistance (measured by HOMA) was dependent on BMI and WC at a significance level of p < 0.001 and 0.043 respectively. Therefore, the psoriatic patients in this region have significantly high amount of fasting serum insulin level along with an increased IR though their FBG level remains normal. Furthermore, these abnormalities are significantly dependent on total body fat as well as abdominal fat deposits. We suggest that psoriatic patients need to be evaluated for metabolic syndrome and managed accordingly.