“农民”:主体性身份的“他者”

中国农民因自身表达能力的缺乏,长期以来在国家政治生活中,一直出于被代表的地位,也因此丧失了主体性身份。历史上农民主体性身份的取得通常以“否”的,即农民自身身份放弃的方式取得。在新的历史条件下,国家的政策对于重新树立农民的主体性地位,和谐生活具有重要的作用。     

“政教分离”与美国私立学校的政府财政资助诉讼

文章主要研究了美国私立教育财政资助诉讼，诉讼的焦点是政教分离问题，诉讼的宪法依据是美国宪法第一修正案的立教条款，法院审查的标准由莱蒙托准则演变为政府中立性标准，并最终导致了教育券项目的合法化。     

试析霍桑在《红字》中对十九世纪女权主义理想的构建

结合19世纪女权主义的历史语境,运用20世纪新兴文艺批评方法,从对红字A的理解和海丝特人物形象分析入手,通过阐述海丝特对话语权的争取,以及其思想上、经济上和行为上的独立追求,从而对霍桑的女权主义理想进行构建。     

Exploring Spanish pre-service teachers’ talk in relation to ICT: balancing different expectations between the university and practicum school

Information and communications technology (ICT) now plays a prominent role in pre-service teacher education programmes across the globe. Despite this emphasis, research indicates that pre-service teachers’ use of ICT is often less than expected, even though they express positive opinions of its benefits. This study aimed to explore pre-service teachers’ views of ICT and consider the function of their expressed opinions. This longitudinal study, using one-to-one semi-structured interviews, was conducted with pre-service teachers on entry and on completion of a one-year Masters programme in Spain. The pre-service teachers held quite traditional views of teaching and learning, presenting teaching in an either–or manner – either ICT supported or non-ICT supported. They also spoke positively about ICT while simultaneously expressing reservations about it. The article argues that these contradictory positions may be a result of the need to navigate two competing environments, the higher education institution and the practicum school, where expectations of ICT use may differ. The article explores this performative function of their talk.     

Students’ unions and consumerist policy discourses in English higher education

ABSTRACT

This article centres on the recent Higher Education and Research Act 2017 in England and the consultation documents leading to the legislation. I will start by arguing that the reform promotes consumerist understanding of students. Guided by Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, I will further explore the ways in which five students’ unions from England and their sabbatical officers understand and respond to the consumerist policy discourses. The unions’ official responses to the government’s consultation demonstrated a strong opposition to the reform, particularly against the tuition fee increase and metrics used to measure teaching quality. The follow-up interviews with sabbatical officers, however, highlighted that this opposition can often be fragmented by consumerist counterarguments. The interviewees emphasised consumer rights as benefiting students and the unions. The differences between the written and verbal discourses will be discussed, and the reasons for a lack of consistency in the participants’ discourses questioned in relation to their relationship with the university management and wider student population they represent.     

语用语篇与外语教学

在不同的历史时期,语言的不同特征被人们认为特别重要、典型,应该予以重视。然而,就语言的应用和外语教学而言,也有必要提倡“科际整合”。一种显而易见的研究方法就是把人类语言跟人类其他的交际系统,或非人类交际系统进行比较,也可以通过比较“语用学”、“语篇分析”和“外语教学”等方面的问题,来解决外语教学中存在的某些争议。     

Making the Invisible Visible. On Participation and Communication in a Global, Web-based Master’s Programme

This study focuses on the discourse of an intercontinental on-line Master’s programme in adult learning, using English as the lingua franca of the programme and involving four collaborating universities in Sweden, South Africa, Canada and Australia. The programme is highly interactive, emphasising communication between students. Taking the variation in participation as the point of departure, a discourse analysis aiming at analysing the contingencies contributing to the pattern of communication in the programme was undertaken. Data consist of a variety of texts on-line web-documents, written notes, and narratives that participants wrote about their lives related to participation in the programme. The use of English as the lingua franca contributed to a mistake anxiety, which for some students was hampering their communication in the programme. Aspects of the material world such as the vast differences in the efforts and costs for participating in the programme were also highly interrelated to the shaping of socio-culturally situated identities among the students and thereby contributing to the variation in frequency in participation. The results show that the official discourse of the programme as a text, with its emphasis on equity, change and development, gets subordinated to the discourses produced and reproduced by the students in the programme as a discursive practice and social practice. The students’ accounts reveal that there are fragments of an alternative discourse emerging, based on mutual concern and friendship, which might suggest a potential for changing the communicative patterns in the programme.     

博客现实与现实博客

随着互联网技术的发展,博客作为一种新兴的传播方式迅速渗透到网络中的各个角落,吸引了越来越多的网民.本文从博客的传播特点、社会心理特性及话语权平等的视角,以大众传播理论为切入点,通过微观和宏观两个层面的分析,试图论证博客现实与现实博客之间的辨证关系.     

“The very ugly duckling” meets Minecraft: identity work and interpretive competence

Picturebook discussions are commonplace literacy events in contemporary classrooms. The different experiences, backgrounds and ways of being that individual students draw upon during talk around texts prompt a broad range of ways to make, negotiate and share meanings. In addition to developing students' literacy skills such as oral language, vocabulary and comprehension, these discussions have been shown to be instrumental in developing students' interpretive competence which is important for achieving learning outcomes. In this article, we report a study that investigated how four diverse groups of 10‐ and 11‐year‐old students and teachers from two schools experienced such reading events. The study found that making sense of these books was more productive when students were given permission to switch identities and make connections to their out‐of‐school cyber and popular culture worlds. Using discourse analytic techniques, we uncover the identity work during a number of discussions around two different picturebooks and show how this enabled these learners to enter the academic space and demonstrate interpretive competence.     

语篇翻译中的语境分析

翻译是一种特殊的跨文化交际活动,处理好语篇翻译的关键在于把握语篇实体和语境三要素的关系。在英汉互译中,正确的解码和编码都依赖于语境,因此,译者必须始终考虑语境诸要素对语言形式及其意义的影响。在翻译理解过程中,译者应当对原语语篇的语境因素进行分析,充分考虑到影响翻译过程中的各种语境因素,即上下文语境、情景语境和文化语境的作用。得当的语境分析有助于克服文化因素的干扰,有利于取得功能对等的翻译。