Strategies for mentoring pedagogical knowledge

Fundamental for mentoring a preservice teacher is the mentor’s articulation of pedagogical knowledge, which in this research draws upon specific practices, viz.: planning, timetabling lessons, preparation, teaching strategies, content knowledge, problem solving, questioning, classroom management, implementation, assessment and viewpoints for teaching. Mentoring is haphazard; consequently, mentors need a pedagogical knowledge framework and a repertoire of pedagogical knowledge strategies to guide a preservice teacher’s development. Yet, what are strategies for mentoring pedagogical knowledge practices? This qualitative research investigates mentoring strategies assigned to pedagogical knowledge from 27 experienced mentor teachers. Findings showed that there were multiple strategies that can be linked to specific pedagogical knowledge practices. For example, mentoring strategies associated with planning for teaching can include co-planning, verbally reflecting on planning with the mentee and showing examples of the mentor teacher’s planning (e.g. teacher’s plans, school plans, district and state plans). This article provides a bank of practical strategies for mentoring pedagogical knowledge practices to assist a preservice teacher’s development.     

What do we know and where do we go? Formative assessment in developing student teachers’ professional learning of teaching science

In the context of teacher education, it could well be suggested that assessment activities that build on formative interactions between student teachers and teacher educators might offer new windows into better understanding teaching and learning. This paper presents findings from a study into a primary science teacher education initiative that seeks to build the foundations on which 24 primary science student teachers, through the use of formative assessment of their science teaching and learning, can begin developing their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). In the project, formative assessment consists of activities used by teacher educators to stimulate interactions, self- and peer-assessment in order to provide insights into how student teachers develop their PCK during a semester. Content Representations (CoRes), were used as a tool to unpack the student teachers’ approach to teaching a science topic and the reasons for that approach. The results indicate that the use of CoRes, together with subsequent self-assessment and formative interactions with teacher educators and peers, do have the potential for PCK development for student teachers. The results further highlight the need for developing reliable and valid tools for capturing and assessing student teachers’ PCK in pre-service teacher education.     

试论新课程改革中的教学案例及其研究价值

教学案例研究,是一种新兴起的研究策略,为解决教育理论与实践两者研究相脱节的关系搭起了一座桥梁;给教师解决教学与科研共进的两难问题提供了途径;同时,教学案例研究成为促使教师角色转变和专业发展的重要因素之一。教育教学案例研究关系到对教学案例的特点、写作及分析等方面的理解,进一步明晰它在新课程改革中的重要价值,能使教育理论研究者转变研究思维方式,与要实现角色转变的一线教师共同成长,使教育真正走上"教学与科研一体化"的道路。     

Probing the amalgam: the relationship between science teachers’ content,pedagogical and pedagogical content knowledge

ABSTRACT

This Special Issue aims to present evidence about the relationships between content knowledge (CK), pedagogical knowledge (PK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK); the development of these types of knowledge in novice and experienced secondary science teachers; and how CK, PK and/or PCK impact students’ learning. Since Shulman’s introduction of PCK as the feature that distinguishes the teacher from the content expert, researchers have attempted to understand, delineate, assess and/or develop the construct in pre- and in-service teachers. Accordingly, empirical findings are presented that permit further discussion. Outcomes permit post-hoc examination of a recent, collectively described, ‘consensus’ model of PCK, identifying strengths and potential issues. As we will illustrate, the relationship between CK, PK and PCK is central to this; that is, probing the hypothesis of pedagogical content knowledge as an ‘amalgam’ of content and pedagogical knowledge.     

当代中国儿童精神成长的教育学思考

在当代,中国儿童精神生活状况出现了“乡根意识”的淡化、人际关系的狭隘化与冷漠化、情感主义自我认同的迷失,以及自立心态的不足等令人担忧的状况。城市化浪潮对儿童成长空间的挤压,多元、变动不居的社会生活方式产生的冲突性影响,家庭教养和学校教育中的双重偏失等都是主要影响因素。为此,从教育学角度而言,要注意引导儿童成为满足自身成长需要的自主建构者和受纳者,并在个性与共性的动态统一中促进儿童的精神成长。     

教学机智的生成与教师职后教育的教学改进

教学机智意味着教育者对学习者个体境遇的深切关注和敏感体验,代表着一种驱动教师全身心地投入教学、指向学习者的情感和力量。由教学机智的生成出发审视当前我国高师院校中教师职后教育中的教学状况,我们发现其中缺乏教学机智,并间接地导致了普通教育中教师教学机智的缺乏。作为优秀教学的表征。教师教育者自身的教学不仅应该充满教学机智,还应该帮助教师形成教学机智。     

中国教育学“学科危机论”述评

中国教育学正面临着学科危机是学术界的一致认识。本文梳理了教育学“学科危机论”的三类代表性观点,提出应该在以下几个方面理性认识教育学学科危机：加强教育学的反思,促使教育学走上良性发展之路;走出唯科学主义的认识迷途;多学科加入,确立教育学立场。     

教育学原创性研究何以可能——一种教育学经典的阐释

教育学原创性研究的实现是教育实践的困境、研究视角、方法与思维方式的更新与社会变革、个人独特的经历等因素聚合的产物。当下,直面教育实践的困境,更新教育学研究的视角、方法与思维方式,在投身教育变革之中增进教育学素养,或许是进行教育学原创性研究的可能之道。     

促进深度学习的教学推理:实践逻辑与策略选择

学生的深度学习是以学生的知识理解与运用为价值取向,以培养学生的高阶思维能力和问题解决能力为目标的一种学习。但知识论证不充足、知识点状分布、绝对真理知识观等表层知识教学已偏离了学习的本质及价值,产生了知识教学阻滞深度学习的困局。教学推理是教师根据已知教学条件及个体情境认知,确定问题并生成教学策略的连续性思维活动。它克服了以往僵化的教学方式,为促进深度学习提供可能逻辑。其中,学科知识逻辑能促进学习触及知识的意义世界,学生经验逻辑能促进学习进入学生的心灵世界,实践自为逻辑能促进学习关联自我的生活世界。最后,促进深度学习的教学推理策略应着力于以"批判与交融"为取向的教学理解,形成以"联结与转化"为纽带的教学逻辑,开展以"假设与证据"为核心的课堂论证教学,创设以"推断与评估"为特质的教学情境。     

Domains and Levels of Pedagogical Innovation in Schools Using ICT: Ten Innovative Schools in Israel

The study reported here is based on the results of two international studies: IEA's Second Information Technology in Education Study (SITES) Module 2, focusing on innovative pedagogical practices at the classroom level, and OECD/CERI Case Studies of ICT and Organizational Innovation, focusing on ICT related innovations at the school system level. In the paper we analyze the data collected in ten innovative schools in Israel which have incorporated ICT in unique ways and have succeeded in devising innovative classroom pedagogies and school system changes. The major research questions addressed are: (a) What levels of innovation were observed in the participant schools, and in which domains? (b) How does the level of innovation in the various domains vary among and within schools? (c) What correlation patterns among levels of innovation in the various domains can be identified? The results of ten comprehensive case studies of exemplary schools in Israel were analyzed by mean of the innovation analysis schema developed by us for characterizing ICT-based educational innovations.