Best Practices for Creating an Online Tutorial: A Literature Review

In the digital era, information literacy skills enable users to locate and use online materials effectively. One persistent library service for libraries is providing skills training to students. This article traces the creation of online library instructional tutorials, currently referred to as digital learning objects, in academic libraries. It isolates the factors that improve the success of these learning tools, including knowledge of the tutorials’ purpose and potential, collaboration with other individuals, the use of standards, student engagement, and evaluation. The literature review also illustrates the incorporation of multimedia learning theories and assessment strategies in these tutorials. By developing appropriate learning tools, librarians offer services aimed at meeting user needs while reducing time and resource demands on library staff.     

近十年国内外羽毛球教学研究最新进展及启示——基于2011-2021年29篇文献的系统性文献综述法

为厘清国内外近十年(2011-2021年) 羽毛球教学领域研究的最新进展,该研究采用系统性文献综述法,选取Web of Science、EBSCO、Elsevier、中国知网等数据库中的27篇高质量实证研究论文,从研究主题、研究情境、研究方法、研究因变量四个方面进行统计分析,得出以下结论:(1)从研究主题上看,羽毛球教学领域的研究主题主要集中在教学法与教学设计、信息化技术与教学融合和羽毛球训练3个方面,其中又以教学法与教学设计的研究最多;(2)从研究情境上看,羽毛球教学领域研究主要面对大学生开展小样本、短周期的研究;(3)从研究方法上看,羽毛球教学实证研究仍集中于收集定量数据,针对定性数据的收集方法较少,且定性数据的收集方法使用频率也较低;(4)从研究因变量上看,国内外羽毛球教学的实证研究大都关注学习者的运动能力,而关注健康行为的研究偏少,且几乎没有研究将体育品德作为研究因变量。可见,目前羽毛球教学领域研究存在研究主题不够全面和深入、研究方法综合运用欠缺、研究情景较为单一、研究因变量存在空缺等问题。最后,探讨了该研究对羽毛球教学实践和科学研究带来的启示,以期促进我国羽毛球教学的发展。     

A Social Acceptance Study of Transported and Non-Transported Pupils in a Rural Secondary School

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative effectiveness of novice co-leaders as compared to an experienced leader when administering a packaged instructional program to disseminate educational knowledge. Seven graduate students, serving as novice co-leaders, conducted workshops using the instructional program. Three instruments adapted from the original field test of the program were used to assess the results. Analysis of covariance and chisquare were used to analyze the data. Findings indicated that comparisons between experienced/novice leader group differences were statistically significant with the experienced leader realizing better cognitive and attitudinal results than the novice co-leaders, but that both produced positive results.     

The Interpersonal Dynamics of Collaborative Reasoning in Peer Interactive Dyads

The authors investigated the microlevel processes of collaborative reasoning in heterogeneous peer dyads working on an open-design task in elementary geometry. Special attention was paid to the nature of student social interaction, problem-solving strategies, and mathematical language and how they shape collaborative problem-solving processes. Qualitative case-based analyses of 3 focal dyads reveal that collaborative reasoning was supported by equal participation in social interaction, consisting of joint negotiation of problem-solving strategies and active conceptualization and visualization of the situation. Challenges to collaboration were manifested in the existence of divergent strategies and verbal conceptualizations where negotiation did not lead to the construction of a shared understanding. In summary, the study demonstrates the power of microlevel process analyses in revealing the interpersonal dynamics of collaborative reasoning and shows how those dynamics mediate the learning opportunities in peer interactive dyads.     

The Use of Textbooks as a Tool During Collaborative Physics Learning

The study examined how features of student interaction, and the way an individual student contributes to that interaction (his or her participation), relates to the improvement of conceptual understanding within the domain of physics. The study also investigated how textbooks are used during collaborative work and how that use affects the quality of student interaction and outcomes. The participants were 56 students aged 15 or 16. The students worked in dyads on a concept-mapping task that functioned as an introduction for a new course about electricity. A condition in which the students were provided with 2 textbooks was compared with a condition without the availability of textbooks. The use of textbooks had a negative influence on the amount of elaboration and coconstruction in the student interaction. Individual learning outcomes were positively related to the amount of collaborative elaboration in the student interaction.     

Reflective Practice in Physical Education and Physical Education Teacher Education: A Review of the Literature Since 1995

Reflection and reflective practice are key concepts in the educational literature as well as in research on physical education (PE) and physical education teacher education (PETE). The purpose of this article is to review the current empirical knowledge base for reflection and reflective practice in PE and PETE from 1995 to 2011. The review includes empirical research published in peer reviewed journals on the topics on reflection and reflective practice in the contexts of PE and PETE. There were 33 articles included in the review. Most of the research is conducted in the PETE context, where it was found that pre-service teachers do develop their reflective capabilities. However, the results also indicate students make little progress on critical reflections. In the PE context, it was found that teachers express a need for reflective communities. Theoretical and methodological challenges with the reviewed literature are discussed and suggestions for further research proposed.     

Intercultural communication and international public relations: Exploring parallels

This paper highlights the parallels within the fields of international public relations and intercultural communication as sister fields sharing a common link of communication and culture. The paper discusses the two fields’ struggle for definition and their development of a rich flora of research as well as the debates that ensued. This essay also explores emerging trends within intercultural communication that may well impact international public relations in the future. The paper concludes with an analysis of the parallels within the two fields and the potential for shared knowledge between them.     

‘Becoming and being writers’: the experiences of doctoral students in writing groups

The use of writing groups to support students undertaking post-graduate research within universities has begun to receive attention from academic supervisors and doctoral researchers. Very little has been written by doctoral students themselves on the benefits of working within such writing groups. In this article, the experiences of working within a doctoral writing group at an Australian University are presented, primarily from the perspective of students. The authors identify two main benefits they have experienced through participating in a writing group using a ‘multi-voiced’ approach. First, they discuss the kind of learning that they achieved through working in a writing group. They do this with reference to key principles of peer learning and of peer review. Second, they focus on the ways the group worked as a community of discursive social practice. An overarching message for them in participating in the group and now writing this article is the shift in their thinking and experience of writing from seeing writing as an essentially private and implicit process to writing becoming a matter of public and shared work. These two notions are bound by the concept of identity building, drawing from the literature on communities of practice.     

Effects of feedback on collaborative writing in an online learning environment

The need for supporting student writing has received much attention in writing research. One specific type of support is feedback—including peer feedback—on the writing process. Despite the wealth of literature on both feedback and academic writing, there is little empirical evidence on what type of feedback best promotes writing in online environments. This article reports on research that tries to determine what type of feedback best improves the quality of collaborative writing and what the effects of feedback are on student learning in an environment based on asynchronous written communication. The results reveal that concerning the type of feedback, epistemic feedback or epistemic and suggestive feedback best improve the quality of collaborative writing performance. The nature of the feedback-giver (whether teacher feedback or teacher and peer) makes a difference to the final text only when the feedback is epistemic, or epistemic and suggestive.     

Assessment of the effects of a cooperative play programme for children aged 10–11 years on social adaptation and on the perception that parents,teachers and peers have of children's prosocial behaviours

Abstract

The objective of this research was to design a cooperative play programme in order to assess its effects on social adaptation and on the perception that parents, teachers and peers have of children's prosocial behaviours. The study used an experimental pre-posttest design with control group. The sample included 86 participants aged 10 to 11 years, 54 in the experimental group and 32 controls. Before and after administering the programme, three evaluation instruments were applied. The intervention consisted of a weekly two-hour play session throughout the school year. The programme's activities stimulate communication and prosocial behaviour. Results of the analysis of variance suggest positive impact of the intervention, as the experimental participants significantly increased their behaviours of self-control and leadership, as well as their prosocial behaviour; moreover, an increase was observed in the number of classmates considered prosocial. Highest levels of improvement were found in the experimental participants who, at pretest, had few behaviours of consideration for others, self-control and leadership and low prosocial behaviour, but many withdrawal behaviours. Some effects of the programme were found to be influenced by gender, as the girls showed more decrease in their withdrawal behaviours and a greater increase in the number of classmates perceived as prosocial.