Hybrid ants-like search algorithms for P2P media streaming distribution in ad hoc networks

Media streaming delivery in wireless ad hoc networks is challenging due to the stringent resource restrictions,po-tential high loss rate and the decentralized architecture. To support long and high-quality streams,one viable approach is that a media stream is partitioned into segments,and then the segments are replicated in a network and served in a peer-to-peer(P2P) fashion. However,the searching strategy for segments is one key problem with the approach. This paper proposes a hybrid ants-like search algorithm(HASA) for P2P media streaming distribution in ad hoc networks. It takes the advantages of random walks and ants-like algorithms for searching in unstructured P2P networks,such as low transmitting latency,less jitter times,and low unnecessary traffic. We quantify the performance of our scheme in terms of response time,jitter times,and network messages for media streaming distribution. Simulation results showed that it can effectively improve the search efficiency for P2P media streaming distribution in ad hoc networks.     

国家审计如何在权力的制约和监督方面发挥作用

国家审计的基本职能和方法,决定了它对权力制约和监督的必要性,要充分发挥国家审计的职能作用,为经济健康、快速发展保驾护航.     

An empirical review of anonymity effects in peer assessment,peer feedback,peer review,peer evaluation and peer grading

Abstract

Peer assessment has proven to have positive learning outcomes. Importantly, peer assessment is a social process and some claim that the use of anonymity might have advantages. However, the findings have not always been in the same direction. Our aims were: (a) to review the effects of using anonymity in peer assessment on performance, peer feedback content, peer grading accuracy, social effects and students’ perspective on peer assessment; and (b) to investigate the effects of four moderating variables (educational level, peer grading, assessment aids, direction of anonymity) in relation to anonymity. A literature search was conducted including five different terms related to peer assessment (e.g., peer feedback) and anonymity. Fourteen studies that used a control group or a within group design were found. The narrative review revealed that anonymous peer assessment seems to provide advantages for students’ perceptions about the learning value of peer assessment, delivering more critical peer feedback, increased self-perceived social effects, a slight tendency for more performance, especially in higher education and with less peer assessment aids. Some conclusions are that: (a) when implementing anonymity in peer assessment the instructional context and goals need to be considered, (b) existent empirical research is still limited, and (c) future research should employ stronger and more complex research designs.     

中日早期现代化中的官督商办

从社会环境、目的和主持者及市场基础等方面,对19世纪下半期,中日两国在早期现代化过程采用官督商办的经营形式,一败一成、命运相异的原因进行了比较分析。     

Paired peer learning through engineering education outreach

ABSTRACT

Undergraduate education incorporating active learning and vicarious experience through education outreach presents a critical opportunity to influence future engineering teaching and practice capabilities. Engineering education outreach activities have been shown to have multiple benefits; increasing interest and engagement with science and engineering for school children, providing teachers with expert contributions to engineering subject knowledge, and developing professional generic skills for engineers such as communication and teamwork. This pilot intervention paired 10 pre-service teachers and 11 student engineers to enact engineering outreach in primary schools, reaching 269 children. A longitudinal mixed methods design was employed to measure change in attitudes and Education Outreach Self-Efficacy in student engineers; alongside attitudes, Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy and Engineering Subject Knowledge Confidence in pre-service teachers. Highly significant improvements were noted in the pre-service teachers’ confidence and self-efficacy, while both the teachers and engineers qualitatively described benefits arising from the paired peer mentor model.     

关于加强人大对财政预算审查监督的法律思考

审查、批准财政预算并监督预算执行，是宪法和法律赋予各级人大及其常委会的一项重要职权，但囿于种种原因，人大审批监督预算的权力和其他权力一样并未得以有效行使。为建立一个廉洁高效的政府。为确保社会主义财政真正实现取之于民，用之于民，以健全配套法律，改革预算机制，理顺审计体制等方式不断推进和完善人大审查监督财政预算机制势在必行。     

Peer facilitated writing groups: a programmatic approach to doctoral student writing

Very few empirical studies have investigated programmes in which doctoral students act as peer facilitators in faculty writing groups. We report on the development of a centrally delivered doctoral student writing programme in which twenty student participants were mentored and provided with the resources to initiate their own faculty-based doctoral writing groups. ‘Legitimate peripheral participation’ was used as a conceptual lens to interpret the data collected during the establishment and evaluation of the programme. All student participants in the preparatory training course, which was developed in consultation with postgraduate students and research supervisors, went on to become doctoral writing peer facilitators of peer writing groups. Insights from seven of these showed how a well-structured and supportive programme harnessed the benefits of peer learning by bringing personal rewards to participants and building institutional capacity around doctoral research writing literacies.     

基于博客的大学英语写作教学同学互评模式探讨

博客(Blog)是一种新型的网络沟通方式和知识管理工具。通过建立班级博客、博客群组、班级作品集和写作学习资源库等途径构建基于博客的英语写作教学同学互评模式,将有效地利用博客这一新型的教学平台,改善传统的写作教学模式,让同学参与到作文的评改活动中,促进学生写作水平的提高。     

韩国食品安全监管体系及对我国的启示

食品安全问题关系到公众身体健康,通过分析韩国食品安全监管体系,借鉴其先进理念,提出我国应当尽快健全我国的食品安全监管法律体系;厘清执行机构关系,充分发挥民间检测机构作用;与时俱进,不断加快食品安全标准更新;食品安全法规、标准国际化和建立有效公众参与途径和违规惩罚机制.     

试论我国仲裁司法监督的完善

仲裁的司法性和本身的特点客观上需要对其进行监督。实践中,我国已经初步确立了以《仲裁法》为中心的监督体系,并呈现多元化的特点。司法监督虽然是辅助的一环但必不可少,我国现在的司法监督存在着一些需要完善的方面：国内仲裁和涉外仲裁的司法监督范围不一致;法院对仲裁裁决的司法监督的一审终局制;司法审查的参与者不完整;当事人申请撤销裁决的期限过长等等。