The Co-Effects of Query Structure and Expansion on Retrieval Performance in Probabilistic Text Retrieval

The effects of query structures and query expansion (QE) on retrieval performance were tested with a best match retrieval system (InQuery¹). Query structure means the use of operators to express the relations between search keys. Six different structures were tested, representing strong structures (e.g., queries with facets or concepts identified) and weak structures (no concepts identified, a query is a bag of search keys). QE was based on concepts, which were first selected from a searching thesaurus, and then expanded by semantic relationships given in the thesaurus. The expansion levels were (a) no expansion, (b) a synonym expansion, (c) a narrower concept expansion, (d) an associative concept expansion, and (e) a cumulative expansion of all other expansions. With weak structures and Boolean structured queries, QE was not very effective. The best performance was achieved with a combination of a facet structure, where search keys within a facet were treated as instances of one search key (the SYN operator), and the largest expansion.     

论西方新叙事理论文本批评的方法论意义

西方新叙事理论的方法论价值主要在于,搭建了一个形式分析和历史主义批评相互结合的基本平台。这一判断是来自于发现了新叙事理论强调叙事性文学作品的复杂性、建构性和不可规约性,强调叙事无所不在,具有理性思维的逻辑行程的一些特点等。这个基本平台解决了批评方法在文本内外的互相结合和转换的各种通道这一历史性的难题。新叙事理论对叙事性文本本体的发难引发了批评方法的创新,成为最具有方法论意义的革命。“后经典的方法”使得文本批评切入“点”增多,批评能力随之增强。     

从课文标题的设计看北师大版历史教科书的创新

北师大版的历史教科书在课文标题的设计上有许多创新,不仅表述新颖、活泼,而且能表现主题思想,体现新课程理念。     

如何在语文教学中渗透生命教育

近十年来青少年死亡事件的频繁发生,对青少年进行生命教育非常重要。在语文教学中渗透生命教育,主要表现在通过解读文本,解读生命,来领悟生命的意义,树立正确的生命观;通过阅读教学让同学们感受、认识生命的意义;通过阅读教学引导学生领悟作品中充满人性（爱情、亲情、友情）的情感,使学生认识到＂情＂的可贵,从而重生、乐生。     

主位推进模式在语篇翻译中的应用

介绍了主位推进模式理论。通过比较分析朱自清散文《匆匆》两个译本的主位推进模式,揭示了该理论在分析源语语篇的语言形式上的显著优势及其语篇翻译的实践指导意义。     

《三苏文集》与南宋三苏选本

在南宋的前期及中期,由于政治风向、社会思潮等多方面因素的影响,三苏文章得到了君王的褒赞、士人的首肯和民间的追捧,三苏文集的编选、标注及刊印风靡一时,现存的南宋三苏选本就有七种之多。这些选本或依人系文,或分类辑文,体例不一。其中吕祖谦编选的《三苏文集》是较早又较好的选本,其所选之文都是可诵习为矜式者,非如他本繁简失宜、取舍不当,故而该书具有一定的选本价值,在三苏文章的传承、流播历程中具有一定的意义。同时,该书因成书较早且质量较好,还具有较高的文献价值,可以在编纂三苏文集时发挥重要的校勘作用。     

WWW中文信息自动分类方法研究

本文采用一种基于词的归类技术。在类别词专指度的计算中 ,考虑了类别词在语料中的频度、集中度和分布性等因素。根据HTML语言的标记特性 ,应用三维加权分类算法计算类别权值。采用Bayes公式变型 ,计算WWW中文信息文件归类可信度 ,并按可信度最大归类。对 10 8篇试语料进行测试 ,封闭测试的归类正确率为98 1% ,开放测试的正确率为 83 3%。     

族群历史之文本与情境--兼论历史心性、文类与范式化情节

族群“历史”叙事有三种“结构”,即“范式化情节”、“文类”和“历史心性”。“文本”(text)产生于特定“情境”(context)之中,而“情境”也因此文本而强化;在类似情境下,“文本”常依循既定之叙事模式以产生类似“文本”;叙事符号虽循特定模式构成文本,但不同社会情境与个别作者的情感、意图,皆造成叙事符号及其组合差异,以此反映或造成社会变迁。与一般族群或民族历史一样,作为族群“历史”的“弟兄祖先故事”,其内部蕴含血源、空间与时间等叙事符号。     

国内外专利挖掘研究(2005-2014)综述

在中国知网、万方数据和Web of Science进行检索,获得72篇相关中文文献和98篇英文文献,并从中选出66篇进行综述。专利挖掘研究包括术语抽取、聚类、分类、以复杂网络为基础的方法、以时间为基础的方法和基于专利挖掘的技术研究等6个主题。尽管近10年来这一领域发展较快,但是部分研究也存在试验验证不精确、基于IPC的自动分类效果不好、所要解决的问题不明确且局限于方法应用和粒度粗糙等问题。专利挖掘研究应该注重发现问题,而非简单地应用方法。     

‘You shouldn’t be making people feel bad about having sex’: exploring young adults’ perceptions of a sex-positive sexual health text message intervention

Young adults are disproportionately affected by negative sexual health outcomes, such as sexually transmitted infections. One strategy for reducing such negative outcomes involves the use of comprehensive sexual health education. As comprehensive sexual health education programmes are adopted, there is a need to evaluate the messaging approaches that might best connect with young people. Sex-positive approaches, which describe sex as a healthy practice and personal choice, are becoming popular, but whether this strategy works has not been tested from a message design perspective. This study examines the reactions of young adults to sex-positive or sex-negative messages, framed as a gain or loss, designed for a text message-based intervention. Participants quantitatively evaluated 24 messages on their mobile phones. Gain frames were preferred over loss frames, and sex-positive messages were rated as more believable and persuasive. An interaction between the two concepts was also found. Results highlight how sex-positive messages that focus on the benefits of certain behaviours tend to resonate better with young adults. Implications for health educators and practitioners are discussed.