在社会经济发展背景下对高等教育功能的再认识--马丁·特罗高等教育发展阶段论批判

马丁·特罗在30年前首次描述了高等教育存在着三个以数量为标准的发展阶段.这一理论是基于当时部分发达国家高等教育完成"大众化"或"普及化"之现实,围绕着高等教育内部革新问题而建构的,在方法论上,具有十分明显的归纳取向,对高等教育发展与社会经济发展之间互为因果的关系,缺乏足够的认识.这一理论存在着内在的缺陷.当代高等教育的发展极大地丰富了我们对高等教育大众化、普及化之功能及其重要性的认识.高等教育更多地体现着一国社会经济的巨大利益,高等教育的发展更多地是国家意志的产物,对发展中国家来说,尤其如此.     

Application of colour metallography in the examination of ancient metals

The use of colour in the metallographic examination of ancient metals is useful both for research and teaching purposes. Application of different optical methods of examination include: polarized light, with or without a first-order red compensator, and differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC). The use of DIC can be combined with the other techniques mentioned in the text for the examination of etched or unetched metal surfaces, which are best observed microscopically using a metallograph. Colour techniques are now used routinely in industrial metallography, and are available for a variety of metals and alloys. Colour tint etching can be used to enhance grain structure or different phases present in the metallic artefact which may not be visible in conventional etched samples, or which lack optical contrast. Many more applications of these techniques in the examination of ancient metals will be published in the literature as they become better known and second-hand equipment with DIC lenses enter the market at a price suitable for conservation laboratories to purchase them.     

一种生物传感器—酶电极在食品工业中的应用

本文以日本目前使用的一种新型糖浓度分析仪器—YSI-27型糖分析器为例,介绍了生物传感器—酶电极在食品工业中的应用,论述了测试原理,并对酶电极这种新的检测手段与传统方法进行了比较。     

A(副相)/Nd_2Fe_(14)B(主相)系列双相纳米晶复合永磁体的研究

介绍了双相纳米晶ＮｄＦｅＢ复合永磁材料的设计与制备工艺，以及它的最新研究进展和研究方向．     

Preparation and adsorption behaviors of Cu(II) ion-imprinted polymers

Imprinted polymers were prepared for selective removal of Cu（Ⅱ） ions from metal solutions. Three ion-imprinted polymers were synthesized with methacrylic acid （MAA）, acrylamide （AA） and N,N＇-methylenebisacrylamide （MBAA） respectively as the functional monomers, ethleneglycoldimethacrylate （EGDMA） as the cross-linking agent, 2,2＇- azobisisobutyronitrile （AIBN） as the initiator and Cu （Ⅱ） ion as the imprint ion. The template Cu （Ⅱ） ion was removed from the polymer by leaching with a liquid of a 1：1 volumetric ratio of HCl to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA）. The capacity and selectivity of Cu（Ⅱ） ion adsorption were investigated with the three imprinted polymers and their non-imprinted counterparts. The polymers have a maximum adsorption capacity at pH 7.0. The isotherm of their batch adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ） ions shows a Langmuir adsorption pattern. Imprinted polymers all have a much higher capacity and higher selectivity of Cu（Ⅱ） adsorption than nonimprinted ones. MAA polymer benefits the most from imprinting. Imprinted MAA polymer has the highest selectivity when used to rebind Cu （Ⅱ） ion from an aqueous solution in the presence of other metal ions. Ion imprinting can be a promising technique of preparing selective adsorbents to separate and preconcentrate metal in a medium of multiple competitive metal ions through solid phase extraction （SPE）.     

Variability in children’s early reading strategies

The present study examines the development of sight word reading in young children by examining changes in their self‐reported reading strategies over time. A sample of 65 five to seven year olds were asked to read 40 real word items, all carefully matched for letter length and word frequency, on three separate occasions. Changes in the children’s word identifications were measured using immediately retrospective verbal self‐reports. Overall, the results showed some variability in the children’s self‐reported reading strategies. Over time the children relied less on phonological strategies and moved towards reliance on directly retrieving words from memory. This change was most evident in the older children; while both year groups showed similar patterns of shifting reliance from explicit phonological strategies to retrieval, this shift was simply less frequent among the younger children. An analysis of word‐specific changes in reading strategies showed that the older children had a better sight vocabulary for more complex word items. These findings provide further support for Ehri’s mediated phase theory in explaining children’s development in learning to read.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2的研制

采用热分析法对不同组成的LiOH-LiNO3二元体系进行研究,绘制了具有最低共熔点的该二元体系T-x相图。用该低共熔混合物为锂盐,与前驱体Ni0.8Co0.2(OH)2混合烧结制备出锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2。     

基于Nafion固定天青I和纳米CdS共修饰玻碳电极的H2O2生物传感器

利用滴涂于玻碳电极（GCE）表面的以Nnfion膜中负电性的磺酸基与天青I（AI）阳离子之间的静电作用,实现天青I在电极上的固定化,再通过静电吸附和自组装技术将纳米CdS吸附的辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）修饰到电极表面,制备出性能良好的H2O2生物传感器。采用循环伏安法（CV）和计时电流法考察了该传感器的电化学性质。实验表明,该传感器具有良好的生物催化活性,较高的灵敏度,良好的选择性和稳定性,且易于制作等特点。响应电流与H2O2浓度在8．0×10^-6～1．6×10^-3 moL／L范围呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为2．72×10^-6 moL／L。     

高温相变材料在重力热管外表面凝固的偶合计算

利用高温相变材料储热，同时用重力热管作为能量传输元件这一高效偶合装置在生产和生活中有广阔的应用前景。本文在实验基础上建立一个考虑自然对流影响的相变传热与热管传热相偶合的传热模型，并对该模型进行数值计算，通过与实验结果进行的对比，证实所建立的模型与所采用的计算方法均是合理可行的。