Application of network meta-analysis in the field of physical activity and health promotion

Continued advancement in the field of physical activity and health promotion relies heavily on the synthesis of rigorous scientific evidence. As such, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have led to a better understanding of which intervention strategies are superior (i.e., produce the greatest effects) in physical activity-based health behavior change interventions. Indeed, standard meta-analytic approaches have allowed researchers in the field to synthesize relevant experimental evidence using pairwise procedures that produce reliable estimates of the homogeneity, magnitude, and potential biases in the observed effects. However, pairwise meta-analytic procedures are only capable to discerning differences in effects between a select intervention strategy and a select comparison or control condition. In order to maximize the impact of physical activity interventions on health-related outcomes, it is necessary to establish evidence concerning the comparative efficacy of all relevant physical activity intervention strategies. The development of network meta-analysis (NMA)—most commonly used in medical-based clinical trials—has allowed for the quantification of indirect comparisons, even in the absence of direct, head-to-head trials. Thus, it stands to reason that NMA can be applied in physical activity and health promotion research to identify the best intervention strategies. Given that this analysis technique is novel and largely unexplored in the field of physical activity and health promotion, care must be taken in its application to ensure reliable estimates and discernment of the effect sizes among interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to comment on the potential application and importance of NMA in the field of physical activity and health promotion, describe how to properly and effectively apply this technique, and suggest important considerations for its appropriate application in this field. In this paper, overviews of the foundations of NMA and commonly used approaches for conducting NMA are provided, followed by assumptions related to NMA, opportunities and challenges in NMA, and a step-by-step example of developing and conducting an NMA.     

浅谈展场设计中企业形象的规划

通观成功企业设计形象的特点,认为展示设计形象的建立可以分为两种类型：一类是元素形象型,另一类是理念印象型,并给出了一些代表性案例加以说明。     

Creating information resources and trainings for farmworker-serving community health workers

Background:Farmworker-serving community health workers have limited access to farmworker health research findings, training, and education resources. With funding from the National Library of Medicine, we are working to improve the health information literacy of both community health workers and farmworkers. We conducted focus group discussions with community health workers to explore their experiences providing health education and information to farmworkers, their information-seeking behaviors, and their technology and information needs. Data from the focus groups provided insights into the main areas in which community health workers would like to receive professional development.Case Presentation:Our team, which includes health sciences librarians, developed a resource list of educational materials for farmworker health, videos to increase community health workers'' skills finding health information online, and webinars to introduce these resources to community health workers. Videos, available in Spanish and English, included instruction on finding and evaluating online health information, accessing reputable online consumer health information sources, and advanced searching tips for Google and PubMed. Through three webinars, we introduced the resource list, videos, and design software for creating handouts and infographics to community health workers.Conclusions:Community health workers have a critical role in providing health education and information to farmworkers, and our efforts represent a first step in addressing community health workers'' limited access to professional development. Health sciences librarians are well positioned to partner with interdisciplinary teams working to reduce health disparities and provide resources and training to community health workers, farmworkers, and other underserved communities.     

体育产业促进就业:域外经验与本土启示

就业是民生之本、安国之策。体育产业作为国家积极培育的新经济增长点和支柱性产业,不仅要在促进国民经济发展中有所建树,也应在促民生、稳就业方面积极作为。从文本分析入手,阐释和总结了发达国家体育产业就业的概况和共性经验。研究表明：发达国家体育产业主要通过促进产业成长释放更多就业岗位、响应社会需求扩充热门体育职业、利用赛事关照弱势群体锻造劳力、扶持中小企业提升就业吸纳水平等措施扩大了就业渠道,带动了社会就业。最后以此为关照,启发体育产业促进就业的本土实践新思路。     

Facilitators and Barriers to Movement Integration in Elementary Classrooms: A Systematic Review

Purpose: A systematic review was conducted to identify facilitators and barriers to movement integration (MI) in elementary school classrooms. Method: Online databases (Educational Resources Information Center, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and PubMed) served as data sources for the study. Following the PRISMA guidelines, relevant published research on MI was identified and screened for inclusion in a qualitative synthesis. Content analysis of the included articles (N = 28) was used to identify themes of MI facilitators and barriers. Facilitators and barriers were then categorized using a social-ecological framework. Results: A total of 12 themes of MI facilitators and barriers were identified and categorized into two social-ecological levels: institutional factors (e.g., administrative support, resources) and intrapersonal factors (e.g., teacher confidence, ease of implementation). Conclusion: This review can inform research and practice aimed at supporting the implementation of MI in elementary classrooms.     

Associations between partnership characteristics and perceived success in Dutch sport-for-health partnerships

To reach and include socially vulnerable people through sport, it is important to create partnerships between sports organisations and public health organisations (i.e., sport-for-health partnerships). Working in sport-for-health partnerships is challenging, however, and little is known about how to manage such partnerships. To explore possible predictors of successful sport-for-health partnership, the authors administered a questionnaire among 86 participants in Dutch sport-for-health partnerships. The questionnaire included measures pertaining to three indicators of successful inter-sectoral partnership (i.e., partnership synergy, partnership sustainability, and community outcomes) and nine partnership elements that may predict its success. Multivariate results suggest that (a) partnership synergy may be best predicted by communication structure and building on the partnership participants’ capacities, (b) community partnership outcomes may be best predicted by partnership visibility and task management, and (c) partnership sustainability may be best predicted by partnership visibility. Hence, the authors would recommend actors in sport-for-health partnerships to pay particular attention to communication structure, building on capacities, visibility, and task management.     

北京冬奥会推动京津冀冰雪旅游发展效应及协同推进策略研究

摘要：以冬奥会进入“北京周期”后为契机,采用文献资料和实地调查等研究方法,对北京冬奥会推动京津冀冰雪旅游发展效应及协同推进策略进行了研究。研究认为：北京冬奥会推动京津冀冰雪旅游发展的效应明显,主要表现在北京市冰雪场馆建设数量明显增加、连续举办的国际冰雪赛事和国内冰雪赛事促进冰雪旅游发展的影响力明显提升、冰雪旅游融合效应显著;天津市冰雪旅游协同发展目标明确深耕细作释放新活力效果显著、冰雪旅游民生工程建设落实有声、“冰雪旅游+文化”深度融合带来红利;河北省在滑雪场和滑冰场数量逐年提升、以张家口为核心的冰雪旅游发展区位优势明显、生态冰雪旅游发展成效显著。据此提出构建京津冀冰雪体育产业链,促进京津冀冰雪旅游产业经济生态圈建设的可持续发展;以全域旅游发展理念为引领,构建多元化的京津冀冰雪旅游公共服务体系;构建完善的京津冀生态冰雪旅游资源开发与环境保障体系的北京冬奥会推动京津冀冰雪旅游发展效应的协同推进策略。     

人性提升:高职教育人才培养目标的思考

迅速崛起和蓬勃发展的高等职业教育是中国教育在现代变革中凸现的一种文化景观。在以能力本位为核心的办学理念指导下，高职教育逐渐构建了较具特点的价值取向与目标追求，但仍未摆脱传统教育中那种“功利性实用教育”的影响。因此，应进一步从能力本位、人性提升、全面发展三个层面上认识其人才培养目标的内涵。     

民国前期阎锡山“处变而不倒”秘诀探源

抗战爆发前20年是民国政权频繁更迭时期,而阎锡山在山西的统治却依然稳固,“处变而不倒”,其秘诀在于阎一向标榜并奉行“中的哲学”思想。“中的哲学”思想是阎锡山统治山西的根本指导思想,其特点体现在以下四个方面:(1)自存自固是其出发点和归宿;(2)不偏不倚,保持中立,见风使舵,从中渔利;(3)制造矛盾,利用矛盾,巩固统治;(4)追附形势,标新立异,独立特群,彰显个性。这些特点在山西近现代历史发展中得到充分体现。     

“互联网+”教育环境下的小学英语核心素养提升——以一节信息技术整合课为例

“互联网+”教育已然成为教育教学的日常,其对教育的影响毋庸置疑。但是,如何才能将“互联网+”教育合理运用于小学英语课堂教学实践?本文以一节信息技术整合课为例,尝试构建“互联网+”教育环境下的小学英语教学模式,以期提升学生的英语核心素养,切实提升课堂教学效率。主要采取以下三种方法达到预期目的:(1)“云”活动助力核心素养的有效提升;(2)“云”课堂增强个性化学习和自主学习强度;(3)“云”评价提升课堂的参与率。