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81.
G. Brian Thompson Michael F. McKay Claire M. Fletcher-Flinn Vincent Connelly Richard T. Kaa Jason Ewing 《Reading and writing》2008,21(5):505-537
Two studies were conducted across three countries to examine samples of beginning readers without systematic explicit phonics
who had reached the same level of word reading accuracy as comparison samples with high and moderate explicit phonics. Had
they employed any compensatory learning to reach that level? Four hypotheses of compensatory learning or performance were
tested on the samples, all of which represented the lower half of the normative distribution of word reading accuracy. The
two samples without explicit phonics received teaching that centered on story text reading and some receptive phonics that
arose from this text reading. They did not compensate by relatively greater use of a larger psycholinguistic grain size in
the form of rime units. Nor did they compensate by trading off comprehension for text word reading accuracy. In a microtraining
study, they showed no compensation in proficiency of initial learning of lexical orthographic representations. For all samples,
this initial learning was less effective with spelling than reading training trials. In reading text, the samples without
explicit phonics did not compensate by trading off speed for accuracy, or comprehension. On the contrary, they read text faster
than the explicit phonics samples. The extra classroom instruction time available to them for text reading, with the consequential
extra exposure and practice of word reading, would explain this result. 相似文献
82.
Jacob D. Downs Kathleen A. J. Mohr Tyson S. Barrett 《The Journal of educational research》2020,113(2):120-132
AbstractDyad reading involves a lower level reader paired with a higher level reading partner who models proficient oral reading while providing access to challenging texts. Previous research has reported increased reading fluency and comprehension for participants of dyad reading; however, to date no research has investigated how dyad reading may influence student attitudes toward reading. Using mixed effects linear modeling, this quasi-experimental study of third graders investigated the academic and attitudinal outcomes for students who read in dyads for 15?minutes daily for 90 school days. Results indicated that dyad readers experienced mixed outcomes in improving reading proficiency and a pattern of decline in reading attitudes compared to students in the control group. While lower level dyad readers demonstrated significant gains on a measure of comprehension, there were no differences between groups on several other measures of reading. Recommendations target how to maximize the use of dyad reading to support students’ reading development without eroding their perceptions of themselves as readers. 相似文献
83.
AbstractThis study aims to identify the predictors of Chinese reading and literacy skills among Chinese school children in Taiwan. Participants recruited in the study were 182 Grade 1 elementary school students. First, data were collected on these students’ literacy skills, which comprised morphological awareness, orthography processing, visual perception skills, phonological awareness, and rapid automatised naming. In Grade 2, data were collected from these students on their word decoding skills, which comprised character recognition and reading fluency. Finally, in Grade 3, data were collected on the Chinese comprehension skills of the same students. A structural equation model examined the direct and indirect effects of students’ literacy skills at Grade 1 on their reading comprehension at Grade 3, with students’ word decoding at Grade 2 acting as a mediator. Results showed that reading comprehension of students at Grade 3 was predicted by their literacy skills at Grade 1. 相似文献
84.
Information processing theory suggests that sublexical fluency skills are important to word reading development, but there are few supportive data. This study investigated if sublexical fluency (letter name fluency, letter sound fluency, and phoneme segmentation fluency) contributed to the development of word reading and spelling in 92 kindergarten children. The pattern of findings suggests that, as early as kindergarten, sublexical fluency skills explain a small, but significant, amount of unique variance in literacy outcomes when also considering the influence of accuracy in these skills. Also, growth in sublexical fluency skills is related to both word reading and spelling proficiency at the end of kindergarten. We suggest that knowledge of early literacy skill development may be enhanced by attention to sublexical fluency and that these skills, specifically letter sound fluency, may provide the mechanism that supports early word reading and spelling. 相似文献
85.
Vanessa A. Völlinger Nadine Spörer Dirk Lubbe Joachim C. Brunstein 《The Journal of educational research》2018,111(6):733-745
This study examined a theoretical model hypothesizing that reading strategies mediate the effects of intrinsic reading motivation, reading fluency, and vocabulary knowledge on reading comprehension. Using path analytic methods, we tested the direct and indirect effects specified in the hypothesized model in a sample of 1105 fifth-graders. In addition to standardized tests and questionnaires, we administered a performance test to assess students' proficiency in the application of three reading strategies. The overall fit of the model to the data was good. Both cognitive (fluency and vocabulary) and motivational (intrinsic reading motivation) variables had an indirect effect on reading comprehension through their influence on reading strategies. Reading strategies had a unique effect on reading comprehension and partially mediated the effects that cognitive and motivational variables had on fifth-graders' reading achievements. 相似文献
86.
Marko Dragojevic Howard Giles Anna-Carrie Beck Nicholas T. Tatum 《Communication monographs》2017,84(3):385-405
Two experiments tested the prediction that heavy foreign-accented speakers are evaluated more negatively than mild foreign-accented speakers because the former are perceived as more prototypical (i.e., representative) of their respective group and their speech disrupts listeners’ processing fluency (i.e., is more difficult to process). Participants listened to a mild or heavy Punjabi- (Study 1) or Mandarin-accented (Study 2) speaker. Compared to the mild-accented speaker, the heavy-accented speaker in both studies was attributed less status (but not solidarity), was perceived as more prototypical of their respective group, disrupted listeners’ processing fluency, and elicited a more negative affective reaction. The negative effects of accent strength on status were mediated by processing fluency and sequentially by processing fluency and affect, but not by prototypicality. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications are discussed. 相似文献
87.
Eve Kikas Eija Pakarinen Piret Soodla Kätlin Peets Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2018,62(6):832-849
This study examined associations between classroom-level reading fluency, comprehension, interest in reading, and teaching practices. Participants were 466 children from 21 classrooms. Reading fluency and interest were assessed at the beginning and end of Grade 1, reading comprehension at the end of Grade 1. Teaching practices were observed with the Early Childhood Classroom Observation Measure (ECCOM). Teachers were more likely to use teacher-directed methods in classrooms where children had poorer initial reading fluency. In classrooms with mostly child-centered methods, children showed better reading fluency, comprehension, and higher interest, whereas in classrooms with predominately teacher-directed practices, children had lower reading comprehension at the end of Grade 1. Findings highlight the need for teacher education programs to incorporate discussions about the benefits and disadvantages of different teaching methods. 相似文献
88.
89.
Pilvi I. Peura Helena J. K. Viholainen Tuija I. Aro Eija M. Räikkönen Ellen L. Usher Riikka M. A. Sorvo 《Journal of Experimental Education》2019,87(3):496-516
We investigated the specificity of reading self-efficacy among second- to fifth-grade children in Finland (N?=?1,327). Bandura (1997) theorized that efficacy beliefs can be assessed at different levels of specificity; however, empirical support for this view is scarce among young children. Efficacy beliefs targeting reading-related activities were assessed at three specificity levels (general, intermediate, and specific). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that these specificity levels are separable, but correlated, and the structure was invariant across gender and grade level. Self-efficacy factors were positively associated with reading fluency, but the strength of these associations varied according to specificity level. Findings suggest that reading self-efficacy in primary grades can and should be assessed at different specificity levels according to research aims. 相似文献
90.
Lucia Bigozzi Giuliana Pinto Renato Donfrancesco 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2016,63(4):450-466
Several studies have explored the relationship between dyslexia and creativity, but results have been rather mixed. This study examines whether Italian dyslexic children are more creative than their peers without a reading impairment. One hundred ninety Italian children aged between 9 and 13 participated in this study, divided into two groups: Ninety five dyslexic students and ninety five peers without a reading impairment. All the participants’ creativity skills were assessed. The results indicated that dyslexic children outperformed their peers in the total score, and in the originality, elaboration, and titles sub-scores, whereas no differences were found in the fluency and flexibility sub-scores. The results are discussed in relation to the practical implications, and provide indications for supportive learning environments. 相似文献