云南壮侗语族语言地理分布探析

云南的壮侗语族以傣族为代表,具有明显的语言特点和地域特点。它是汉藏语系小的语言群体,属于特定汉藏语系的一个语族,按语言亲缘关系的远近又具有若干语支。这些语支体现了云南语言和文化的多样性。文章主要针对云南壮侗语族的各语支的分布状态进行梳理和分析。     

Interorganisational conflict between national and provincial sport organisations within China’s elite sport system: Perspectives from national organisations

In this article, the authors examine interorganisational conflict between provincial and national sport organisations in China. The authors theoretically ground the research in work related to interorganisational relationships and interorganisational conflict. The three case studies are artistic gymnastics, swimming, and cycling, and the authors conducted interviews with 11 staff from the relevant national-level sport organisations. Secondary data was sourced from official publications, websites, and influential domestic media. The key finding is that, whilst famed for its top-down bureaucratic system, there is considerable interorganisational conflict within the Chinese sport system. The extent and characteristics of the national-provincial conflict vary between sports. But there is also some consistency regarding the causes of the conflict and the measures adopted to mitigate the tension. Interorganisational conflict provides a useful heuristic for articulating and understanding the interorganisational relationships within the Chinese elite sport system and hence advances elite sport management research.     

茶小绿叶蝉优势种的归属的分子依据

从中国农业科学院茶叶研究所的国家茶树资源圃随机采集茶小绿叶蝉个体,用RAPD标记技术,拟从DNA水平上探索茶小绿叶蝉个体间的遗传距离和亲缘关系,为茶小绿叶蝉优势种的归属提供分子水平上的依据。所选的14个随机引物共扩增出81条谱带,59条多态性条带,多态性为72．84％,表明叶蝉个体间有较丰富的遗传多样性,但未发现可以区别不同种的特异性条带和引物。UPGMA法聚类分析也表明,叶蝉个体间遗传距离在0．17～0．46之间,说明茶小绿叶蝉的遗传基础较一致,存在异种的可能性几乎没有。本文为茶小绿叶蝉的优势种的归属提供了一定的分子基础,结合前人对茶小绿叶蝉的形态学研究,认为茶小绿叶蝉的优势种为假眼小绿叶蝉,小绿叶蝉未在茶园中未形成种群。     

The Co-Effects of Query Structure and Expansion on Retrieval Performance in Probabilistic Text Retrieval

The effects of query structures and query expansion (QE) on retrieval performance were tested with a best match retrieval system (InQuery¹). Query structure means the use of operators to express the relations between search keys. Six different structures were tested, representing strong structures (e.g., queries with facets or concepts identified) and weak structures (no concepts identified, a query is a bag of search keys). QE was based on concepts, which were first selected from a searching thesaurus, and then expanded by semantic relationships given in the thesaurus. The expansion levels were (a) no expansion, (b) a synonym expansion, (c) a narrower concept expansion, (d) an associative concept expansion, and (e) a cumulative expansion of all other expansions. With weak structures and Boolean structured queries, QE was not very effective. The best performance was achieved with a combination of a facet structure, where search keys within a facet were treated as instances of one search key (the SYN operator), and the largest expansion.     

浅析教练员与运动员的人际关系

本文从正反两个方面论述了优秀运动队中处理好教练员和运动员关系的重要性，并提出了如何处理好关系的方法和建议．     

软件测试中选择有效测试技术的一种方法

软件测试对于软件发展具有重要作用,有多种不同的软件测试技术,如何从中选择一个高效的测试技术是软件测试管理中的一个重要问题。本文针对该问题分析了覆盖水平与测试技术有效性之间的关系,并以路径覆盖测试和判定覆盖测试这两种方法为例进行了实验研究,结果表明在缺陷检出率及测试用例数与测试覆盖率之间遵循幂指数关系,这种幂指数关系有助于测试人员在给定覆盖率时,对缺陷发现率和需要的测试用例数进行预测。     

Yer Doin’ it Wrong: How NOT to Interact with Vendors,Publishers, or Librarians

Three librarians who have extensive experience working in libraries or for publishers, vendors, or consortia presented an informal discussion on librarian–vendor relationships. The audience was encouraged to participate. Problems were articulated; speakers and audience members contributed suggestions for better approaches or behaviors when handling difficult situations.     

关于聋生心理健康教育的研究

特教学校心理健康教育是素质教育的重要组成部分。要使聋生健康心理素质得以形成,必须全面了解和研究聋生的心理。提高聋生的认识水平,培养聋生的道德感和世界观。注重书面语言的情感交流,给聋生以成功的体验。创设交往空间,友善人际关系。开展个别心理辅导,不断创新健康心理教育模式,搭建健康心理发展的平台。     

What do families of the ‘professional and managerial’ class educate their children for? The links between happiness and autonomy

Based on a qualitative study involving 124 professional and managerial class families in Catalonia (Spain), this paper describes the aims and objectives these families have for the education of their children. During the fieldwork, when asked what they were aiming for in the education of their children, almost all of the parents replied ‘for them to be happy’. But what kind of happiness are they talking about? What kind of education might lead to happiness? Drawing principally on the work of Kellerhals and Montandon and their ‘contractual model of education’ and Bauman’s concepts of ‘secondary security’ and ‘homo eligens’, although also taking into account the related contributions of Lareau, Vincent and Ball, Stefansen and Aarseth, and Kusserow, the paper aims to demonstrate the strong connection these families make between happiness and ‘absolute’ autonomy, understood as two sides of the same coin and seen, by the participants, as the guiding principle that should shape the way they bring their children up.