物理核心素养评价与学业质量检测的研究

物理是初中阶段的重要课程,也是学生对世界进行基本科学认知的引导课程.在学生系统学习了近两年的物理后,学校和教师应对学生进行物理核心素养评价和学业质量检测.在物理核心素质评价与学业质量检测中,只有从物理观念、科学探究、科学思维、科学态度与责任入手,才能让评价与检测全面、丰富和多元.     

叶下珠提取方法的研究概况

以国内发表的相关文献为依据,综述了叶下珠提取实验的溶剂选择、提取方法及化学成分的分离和测定方法等方面的研究成果,基于文献中有机溶剂的普遍使用,提出了实验过程应体现绿色化学理念的观点。     

食品化学综合设计性实验教学改革与实践探索

本文对食品化学综合设计性实验的特点、实施方法、教学效果等进行了较为详细的介绍。实践证明,通过食品化学综合设计性实验,对学生进行了一次全程的科学实验训练,不仅进一步巩固学生的基本操作技能,使学生初步掌握查阅文献的方法,提高分析、归纳和撰写科学报告的能力,同时培养学生在科研工作中严谨的工作作风、实事求是的科学态度和良好的实验素质,以及独立分析问题和解决问题的能力。给学生提供了广阔的发挥空间,富有挑战性和创新性,极大的激发了学生的学习热情,有利于提高学生的综合素质。     

高考化学开放性试题分析及教学建议

新课程改革实施以来,开放性试题成为高考命题的一个新趋势。文章对2010-2011年高考化学开放性试题进行了统计,对化学开放性试题的特点和类型进行了举例分析,并对中学化学教学提出了一些建议。     

地方农林院校物理实验教学示范中心建设实践

从转变实验教学观念、建立科学实验教学体系、规范实验室管理、改善实验环境等方面介绍了浙江农林大学省级物理实验教学示范中心建设的实践.实验教学示范中心的建设过程贯穿“高等教育生态化”理念,构建并实施了以“三层四模”为核心、“两个平台”为栽体的生态化实验教学新体系;建设了由网络教学资源平台和网络管理服务平台组成的物理实验网络信息教学平台;创建了实验中心内部环境以及内外部环境关系生态化的实验教学环境.初步实践表明,示范中心的建设提高了实验教学效益,“拉动”了实验教学水平的提高,实现了教与学的双赢.     

跆拳道运动对大学生的影响

跆拳道运动进入高校体育课堂,是对体育课程教学内容有益的补充。文章考察了习练跆拳道对普通大学生在心理、体质等方面的影响,研究结果显示:跆拳道运动对大学生的影响是积极的。     

大学普通物理学教师职业拓展的新思考

本文从四个方面就新时期大学普通物理学教师应该如何拓展职业素养进行了讨论:1、构建先进的大学物理教育观;2、转变角色,构建优质教学的素养和能力;3、重视研究与社会实践,构建创新素养和能力;4、构建专业知识更新机制。     

《有机化学》精品课程的建设与实践

本文介绍了在《有机化学》精品课程建设中,如何从建设高素质的教师队伍、编写适合农业院校的教材、结合多媒体技术改革教学方法、建立适合素质教育的考核方法以及有机化学实验教学、独立开课、独立考核、建设精品课程网站、运用先进的网络技术和远程教育来弥补课堂教学的不足等方面,加强教学软硬件建设和改善,对传统有机化学教学进行改革的做法。     

Student Perceptions of Chemistry Laboratory Learning Environments, Student–Teacher Interactions and Attitudes in Secondary School Gifted Education Classes in Singapore

This study investigated the chemistry laboratory classroom environment, teacher–student interactions and student attitudes towards chemistry among 497 gifted and non-gifted secondary-school students in Singapore. The data were collected using the 35-item Chemistry Laboratory Environment Inventory (CLEI), the 48-item Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) and the 30-item Questionnaire on Chemistry-Related Attitudes (QOCRA). Results supported the validity and reliability of the CLEI and QTI for this sample. Stream (gifted versus non-gifted) and gender differences were found in actual and preferred chemistry laboratory classroom environments and teacher–student interactions. Some statistically significant associations of modest magnitude were found between students' attitudes towards chemistry and both the laboratory classroom environment and the interpersonal behaviour of chemistry teachers. Suggestions for improving chemistry laboratory classroom environments and the teacher–student interactions for gifted students are provided.     

University physics students’ ideas of thermal radiation expressed in open laboratory activities using infrared cameras

Background: University physics students were engaged in open-ended thermodynamics laboratory activities with a focus on understanding a chosen phenomenon or the principle of laboratory apparatus, such as thermal radiation and a heat pump. Students had access to handheld infrared (IR) cameras for their investigations.

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to explore students’ interactions with reformed thermodynamics laboratory activities. It was guided by the research question: How do university physics students make use of IR cameras in open-ended investigation of thermal radiation as a phenomenon?

Sample: The study was conducted with a class of first-year university physics students in Sweden. The interaction with the activities of four of the students was selected for analysis. The four students are males.

Design and methods: We used a qualitative, interpretive approach to the study of students’ interaction. The primary means of data collection was video recording of students’ work with the laboratory activities and their subsequent presentations. The analysis focused on how IR cameras helped students notice phenomena relating to thermal radiation, with comparison to previous research on students’ conceptions of thermal radiation.

Results: When using the IR camera, students attended to the reflection of thermal radiation on shiny surfaces, such as polished metals, windows or a whiteboard and emissive properties of surfaces of different types. In this way, they went beyond using the technology as a temperature probe. Students were able to discuss merits and shortcomings of IR cameras in comparison with digital thermometers.

Conclusions: With the help of IR cameras, university physics students attend to thermal phenomena that would otherwise easily go unnoticed.