A case study of imported pulmonary coccidioidomycosis

Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic disease of the Western hemisphere. The cases in non-endemic areas are mostly imported. Determining a history of exposure is critical for performing the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis, especially for cases occurring in a non-endemic area. In this study, a 71-year-old Chinese male presented to our hospital with chronic cough and malaise, and was found to have a mass in the middle lobe of right lung. He had been visiting Arizona, USA for four months before admission. Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis was confirmed by the results of histopathological examination after lobectomy. Typical microscopic features of Coccidioides are definitely diagnostic, but need be differentiated from other budding yeast infection or carcinoma histopathologically.     

水杨酸对铅胁迫下玉米幼苗生理特性的影响

以玉米种子为试验材料,采用砂培法研究了水杨酸(SA)对铅(Pb2+)胁迫下玉米种子的萌发、叶绿素含量、MDA含量、POD活性、等方面的影响。结果表明:低浓度的SA≤80mg/L时,能促进铅胁迫下玉米幼苗的生长,表现为玉米种子的发芽率增大,幼苗根长的增加,叶绿素含量增大,MDA的含量降低,POD活性升高,等。当SA浓度为60mg/L～80mg/L,Pb2+≤1mg/L时,SA对Pb2+的解毒效应最明显,当SA浓度为100mg/L,Pb2+为8mg/L时,SA与Pb2+协同迫害幼苗的生长。     

AtHsfAla 对拟南芥幼苗在干旱中生理指标的影响

以过量表达 AtHsfAla 及 AtHsfAla 基因沉默的转基因植株为材料,通过控制土壤水分进行干旱处理,结果显示,过量表达型干旱处理后的存活率最大,而基因沉默型最小,表明 AtHsfA1a 能增强植物的抗旱性。为了从生理水平研究 AtHsfA1a 提高抗旱性的机制,研究发现过量表达型的叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量最高,而沉默型最低。不同基因型植株的 H2 O2和 MDA 的含量正好相反,说明 AtHsfA1a 通过保护细胞膜而减小细胞所受氧化伤害来提高抗旱能力。     

Biochemical Evaluation of Patients of Alcoholic Liver Disease and Non-alcoholic Liver Disease

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is due to excessive alcohol intake for long duration. Distinguishing ALD from non-ALD (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatitis of viral origin) is difficult as patient may deny alcohol abuse. Clinical examination, histology and serology may not differentiate these conditions. Accurate diagnosis is important as management of ALD differs from non-ALD patients. The aim of our study was (1) To evaluate the patients of ALD and non-ALD by biochemical parameters compared to controls, (2) To assess whether these parameters can differentiate ALD from non-ALD. Study was carried out on 50 patients of ALD in group I and 35 patients of NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) and acute viral hepatitis each in group II. Age matched healthy controls n = 50. Selection criteria—history of alcohol intake (amount and duration), clinical examination, sonography of abdomen, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and bilirubin levels. Blood samples were analyzed for bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) by kinetic method. Statistical analysis was done by Student unpaired ‘t’ test. Patients of ALD have raised AST/ALT ratio (De Ritis ratio) (>2), ALP and GGT compared to controls (P < 0.01).There is significant difference in AST/ALT ratio, serum GGT and ALP in ALD group compared to that in NASH and acute viral hepatitis (P < 0.05). This study suggests that De Ritis ratio >2 in ALD patients may be due to alcohol induced hepatic mitochondrial injury and pyridoxine deficiency. High GGT and ALP values may indicate enzyme induction by alcohol and mild cholestasis. Thus ALD patients have severe hepatic damage. De Ritis ratio <1 and normal to mild elevation in GGT level in NASH and acute viral hepatitis suggest mild hepatic injury of non-alcoholic origin. Our study concludes that ALD patients can be differentiated from NASH and acute viral hepatitis with certainty by measuring serum AST/ALT ratio, GGT and ALP. These biochemical parameters may help clinicians to support the diagnosis of ALD and non-ALD.     

南宁市邕宁区慢性病流行病学调查分析报告

目的:了解南宁市邕宁区慢性病现状,为南宁市邕宁区慢性病防治提供科学的参考。方法:采用问卷调查与个别访谈相结合的方法,由经过统一培训合格的调查员采用面对面的调查方式。结果:当地社区居民慢性病发病率较高,患有一种或以上的患者人数占被试者总人数的54.4%。主要的慢性病为高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、慢性支气管炎、肿瘤,患病率分别为19.2%、11.3%、8%、11%、8%,高血压是当地发病率最高的慢性病。结论:当地有关部门应积极开展疾病预防宣传工作,加强社区康复机构建设,加强社区全科医生服务团队建设,发挥中医药的重要作用,从而提高当地居民健康水平和生活质量。     

新形势下中职院校传染病护理学教学改革策略

在新形势下中职院校传染病护理学教学中有很多好的方法,如“自学一辅导”模式教学法,PBL教学法,启发式教学法等。作为护理专业教师,要在教学的过程中不断吸收新的知识,不断创新．不断学习和探索用之可行的教学方法和模式。因此,本文对新形势下中职院校传染病护理学教学改革策略进行了探讨。     

新疆舞健身操对大学生生理指标影响的研究

新疆舞健身操是将新疆少数民族舞蹈元素与现代健美操融合于一体的特殊运动项目。从新疆师范大学随机选取202名大学生作为研究对象,进行为期4周的新疆舞健身操的教学实验。实验结果显示:实验后学生的体重和身体质量指数有下降趋势;肺活量和台阶指数有明显增大,差异呈现高度显著性(P<0.01);柔韧性指标也明显提高,差异呈现显著性(P<0.05)。理论和实验证明新疆舞健身操对大学生生理指标具有积极影响。     

国家优秀残障投掷运动员赛前训练的生化特点及机能评定

对备战2012年伦敦残奥会投掷项目的中国男子16名运动员跟踪调查,根据训练阶段及主要任务的不同,探讨了赛前集训期间运动员的某些生理生化指标的变化,从而了解赛前训练中运动员身体机能的变化规律。结果发现,运动员的T/C指标在大负荷训练期间,随着运动量和运动强度的改变呈现相应的变化。同时显示,运动员的血红蛋白指标相对稳定,这与教练员在训练中加入了很多有氧训练,而且运动量和运动强度都比较适宜有关。结合各测试指标对运动员进行具体分析,及时向教练员反馈,为实施训练计划提供了科学依据。     

优秀羽毛球运动员训练的生理、生化指标评价

运用多个生理、生化指标对湖南省优秀羽毛球运动员的日常训练进行跟踪测试与评价.结果表明:在羽毛球训练中,联合测试血红蛋白、血尿素、肌酸激酶及血乳酸等指标,可以从多角度对羽毛球的训练进行科学的评价、监控,为科学训练提供理论依据.     

竞技体校男子田径、足球运动员的生化评定探讨

对北京体育大学16名在校男运动员的身体机能状况与代谢能力进行了生化评定。测试结果表明，这些正在进行大强度训练的运动员的机能状态良好，无运动性贫血发生或其它对运动负荷不适应的现象。两组运动员即田径(短跑、跨栏、跳跃)与足球组的队员的代谢特点与其专项运动特点相适应。两组运动员在有氧代谢能力上存在一定差异，但无氧代谢能力及代谢特点基本相似。