梯图L_n的r(2)点染色

利用图的(r2)点染色的概念,研究了梯图L n的(r2)点染色问题,并得到了它们的(r2)点色数.     

中国高校二语动机策略实证研究

动机被视为影响二语学习成效的一个重要的情感因素。本文用定量研究方法对62位高校英语教师进行了调查,旨在研究动机策略重要性的认识程度以及具体运用程度,并探讨两者之间是否存在显著差异。研究结果表明：教师总体上在动机策略的重要性认识程度和实际课堂运用频率上保持很高的一致性,但在实际教学中也存在策略运用不足,主要体现在学生自主能力、课堂任务及教师层面等策略上。传统的以教师为中心的教学方法、应试教育、基础差和大班教学很大程度上影响和制约了教师的动机策略,并限制了学生动机的形成与维持。     

El estudio del lenguaje infantil a partir de 5–6 años

RESUMEN

El punto de partida del trabajo presentado en el estudio de las variedades no standard del francés. Tras la constatación de que el marco de referencia utilizado hasta ahora para el estudio de estas variedades ha sido fundamentalmente la variedad standard escrita, los autores proponen un cambio de óptica al abordar la descripción y análisis del lenguaje oral de locutores adultos y niños en diferentes tipos de situaciones informales. Ello les lleva a reconocer dentro de la competencia lingüística de los locutores un doble sistema de organización de los enunciados: el basado en el modelo tradicional de la frase o construcción gramatical y el basado en las configuraciones discursivas.

Tras pasar revista a ambos tipos de sistemas y proporcionar una serie de ejemplos de configuraciones discursivas complejas, los autores abordan desde esta perspectiva un análisis somero de las relaciones existentes entre sistema lingüístico y otros componentes que determinan las producciones verbales de los locutores. Finalmente, el nuevo marco de referencia adoptado les lleva a replantearse la relación entre la variedad standard normativa y las restantes variedades no standard, así como a una revisión de las diferencias constatadas entre las producciones lingüísticas de los niños y las de los adultos.     

Learning by starch potato growers: learning in small businesses with no employees

In small businesses with no employees, learning environments have a low learning readiness. Consequently, learners need to rely on their own agency to shape their learning experiences. Results from a study of agricultural entrepreneurs indicated that the components of motivation and self-regulated learning strategies shape learner's agency and explain learning environment configuration in small businesses with no employees. Configuration of the learning environment was found to be a weak determinant of the learning performance of these learners. However, results showed that prior performance of learners in small businesses with no employees dictates how their agency operates and what learning effect is achieved; higher prior performance results in higher learning effects. We conclude that mechanisms that underlie learning in traditional learning environments work similarly in learning environments in small businesses with no employees.     

高师初等教育中钢琴教学模式的现状分析

本文从高师初等教育钢琴教学的历史沿革着手．2指出了当前钢琴教学中存在的普遍问题,通过对教学体系、教学内容、教学方法等方面的对比研究,对当前高师初等教催育钢琴教学模式现状进行了深入的分析。稿     

莫扎特钢琴奏鸣曲与贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲的力度分析比较

莫扎特和贝多芬是维也纳古典主义风格时期的两位伟大音乐家,他们都创作出了大量优秀的音乐作品,在钢琴音乐创作领域,两位大师又创作了大量钢琴奏鸣曲。本论文主要从莫扎特钢琴奏鸣曲与贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲的力度方面进行分析,具体从创作背景、作曲家创作风格、两位大师所使用的钢琴、力度演奏提示等方面进行研究,以便音乐爱好者、演奏者能够更好地理解和掌握莫扎特钢琴奏鸣曲与贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲不同的演奏风格。     

R&D co-operation and innovation a microeconometric study on French firms

The scope of this paper is to report new empirical evidence on the determinants of R&D co-operation. Indeed, the literature on the capabilities of firms emphasises the role of knowledge in the performance and evolution of firms who use knowledge developed in others to build their own knowledge capital. R&D co-operation between firms is one of the many strategies by which this knowledge may be transmitted. Several theoretical models have stressed that R&D co-operation is more likely when the level of spillovers is high. While this supposition is used in many theoretical models, it has rarely been tested before. Our results do not lend strong support to this intuition. Indeed, our spillover variables (national pure spillovers, national rent spillovers and imports of machine tools), which were supposed to match the theoretical notion of spillovers used in these theoretical models have a positive but not a significant role when explaining R&D co-operation. The R&D co-operation increases with size and with R&D intensity, but not with market share. It also increases with the budget spent on paying license fees and on acquiring patents and labour from foreign firms. In this study, we also analyse the determinants of innovation. In more precise terms, we compare the effects of R&D co-operation to those played by traditional internal factors and those exerted by external, pure and rent spillovers on the innovation capacity of the firms. Our results show that the commercial success of innovations of French firms depends mainly on size, market share, R&D intensity and human capital. Inward FDI from industrialised countries exerts a positive and significant effect. The finding highlights the important role of the absorptive capacity of firms. Spillover measurements, such as the acquisition of machine tools, foreign patents, licenses, and technological opportunities have a positive impact on innovation.     

采用酚醛植物纤维素粘附CO_2的化学防火研究

当前化学防火材料耐火极限较低,且成本较高。设计一种新型的有机防火材料,结合传统的有机植物纤维防火材料和酚醛FRP型防火材料的优点,采用酚醛植物纤维素粘附CO2技术得到一种新型防火材料。以活化的天然酚醛聚合材料为聚阴离子性正极材料,并把有机植物纤维素溶解到超临界溶剂中,研究其化学平衡和极相平衡,通过化学反应产生一种惰性液相介质,采用固相辅助回流法合成新型的酚醛植物纤维素。材料在受到高温燃烧过程中形成活性电子极性传导性差,能有效吸附CO2,阻止燃烧。通过实验和性能测试验证了该防火材料的良好性能,防火能力和抵抗时间增强。     

CO2加倍对弥河流域水文极端事件的影响研究

当前,气候变化对洪水干旱等水文极端事件的影响已引起许多研究者的关注。在现有可用于气候变化(CO2 加倍)研究的日流量随机模型基础上,用 适线法"按皮尔逊Ⅲ型分布生成年径流量。结果表明,经过改动后的日流量随机模型适用于所研究的弥河流域,在CO2 加倍条件下,弥河流域水文极端事件以旱灾为主,但同时也存在发生大洪大涝灾害的可能。     

P2P技术浅析

文章先将P2P模式与传统的C/S模式相比较,并论述了P2P技术应用的几个领域、技术分类及其存在的一些问题.