基于文献计量的人口迁移与流动研究现状分析

以中国知网（CNKI）数据库为数据来源,以“人口迁移”“人口流动”“移民”为关键词,对1980-2011年发表的5634篇论文,采用布拉德福文献分散定律、普赖斯定律、洛特卡定律、H指数等文献计量学研究方法,从期刊、作者、机构、学科发展等角度对人口迁移与流动的研究情况进行分析,以揭示该领域的发展状况和发展规律.     

科研人员省际流动网络分析及演化过程研究

   本文基于“科学家在线”平台数据,运用复杂网络分析方法,按照年份分别构建2010—2017年间全国34个省份之间科研人员流动网络模型,测度并分析8年间科研人员流动的复杂性网络整体特征和随时间变化的趋势。研究发现：（1）8年间科研人员流动呈现整体较为明显的“无标度”特性,即北京、上海、江苏等经济科技发达地区不仅流入科研人员的规模较大,流出科研人员的规模也不小,但是全国大部分省份流动科研人员规模较为有限;（2）除了小部分省份之外其余省份的人员流入流出相对较为均衡,一些经济科技发达省份在一定程度上也是全国或本区域科研人员流动的中心节点;（3）从发展态势来看,8年间全国省级科技人员流动态势相对平稳,但是省份之间科研人员流动规模差距越来越明显,经济科技发达省份与其他省份科研人员流动的规模相比差距越来越大;（4）最为突出的变化是流动人员规模显著增加,人员流动更加便利。     

Skating mechanics of change-of-direction manoeuvres in ice hockey players

Ice hockey requires rapid transitions between skating trajectories to effectively navigate about the ice surface. Player performance relates in large part to effective change-of-direction manoeuvres, but little is known about how those skills are performed mechanically and the effect of equipment design on them. The purpose of this study was to observe the kinetics involved in those manoeuvres as well as to compare whether kinetic differences may result between two skate models of varying ankle mobility. Eight subjects with competitive ice hockey playing experience performed rapid lateral (90°) left and right change-of-direction manoeuvres. Kinetic data were collected using force strain gauge transducers on the blade holders of the skates. Significantly greater forces were applied by the outside skate (50–70% body weight, %BW) in comparison to the inside skate (12–24%BW, p < 0.05). Skate model and turn direction had no main effect, though significant mixed interactions between leg side (inside/outside) with skate model or turn direction (p < 0.05) were observed, with a trend for left-turn dominance. This study demonstrates the asymmetric dynamic behaviour inherent in skating change-of-direction tasks.     

篮球篮板球反弹规律及拼抢行为的研究

数据统计及分析结果表明篮球比赛中,投篮未中的球其反弹方向、落点、分布区域是有一定规律的,认识和掌握其规律,有助于队员及时、准确的判断,并采取前瞻性行动.通过对比赛中队员抢篮板球行为的分析,可揭示队员抢篮板球行为过程中主观内在的隐性心理活动,从而为心理方面的训练、培养以及教学提供参考和依据.     

当前我国体育人口流动模式及发展研究

以《2001年中国群众体育发展现状调查》研究成果为基础，对1996，2000年两次群众体育现状调查的数据资料进行对比，研究当前我国体育人口流动模式中出现的“沙漏”问题，分析促使当前我国体育人口可持续发展的关键所在，并从推动体育人口健康发展，推动全民健身计划纲要的深入实施的角度出发，提出当前我国体育人口流动模式的发展建议。     

体育社会分层研究述评

通过对体育社会分层研究文献的回顾,介绍了体育社会分层的社会性、历史性、普遍性、多样性和有效性。同时从体育中的社会分层以及社会分层中的体育两个视角讨论运动员的社会流动,以及不同社会阶层的体育运动参与模式。提出了中国体育社会分层理论与实践研究需要探讨的若干问题。     

音乐疗法对运动员运动性失眠的影响

通过查阅文献资料,总结了有关专家对运动疲劳以及音乐疗法研究的理论和成果。对运动性失眠产生的原因、主要的治疗方法、音乐疗法的历史背景和现状及音乐疗法对人体生理与心理的良好作用等方面进行探讨和研究,为教练员和运动员在训练和比赛后能及时消除运动疲劳以及运动性失眠提供参考依据。     

The influence of grandparents’ social class on children’s aspirations

Social class mobility from grandparent to grandchild is a relatively neglected topic. Grandparents today are often healthier and more active, and have longer relationships with their grandchildren than in previous generations. We used data from the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study (n = 8570) to investigate the influence of maternal and paternal grandparents’ social class on the aspirations of children at age seven. Using path analysis and controlling for family income, mother’s and father’s education, lone motherhood, and child’s ethnicity and gender, we found very small direct effects from the paternal grandmother’s social class to the grandchild’s classed aspirations, and small, indirect effects, via parents’ class, of grandparents’ class on child’s classed aspirations. Multi-group analyses found few differences by ethnicity and gender. There was no evidence that, at this age, mixed-class parentage raises the aspirations of working-class children (the ‘sunken middle-class’ hypothesis).     

Allied healthcare undergraduate education: international students at the clinical interface

The global movement of students in higher education is a relatively recent phenomenon, which has gained momentum in the last 30 years. Much research has been focused on the experiences of this population. Relatively little is known about international allied healthcare students who undertake clinical placements as part of their undergraduate course. This study explores students’ perceptions of their clinical experience. The chosen focus group method was prefaced by a pilot study; both were conducted within the allied healthcare school of a university in the UK. Four themes emerged from the study: communication, cultural differences, relationships with professionals and survival strategies. Communication referred to both the interaction with and between the students, their patients and fellow members of the multidisciplinary team. Cultural differences were expressed in the negotiation of differing cultures at the patient interface. A third theme was the students’ relationship with clinical professionals; within this, the relationship with the student’s clinical educator was paramount. Finally, survival strategies represented the advice students wished to impart to future international students to facilitate their clinical placement abroad.     

Upwardly mobile working-class adolescents: a biographical approach on habitus dislocation

Habitus dislocation is a much debatable term. By presenting life-histories of working-class adolescents, this article argues (i) that not all upwardly mobile working-class adolescents experience habitus dislocation and, (ii) that habitus dislocation has its roots in the self-initiated ruptures that face some of those who want to be upwardly mobile and who are trying to replace ‘second-nature’ dispositions with newly made schemes of action and with self-understandings disconnected from their childhood socialisation. It is not that social mobility produces habitus dislocation but that social mobility feeds and intensifies something that existed prior to their educational achievement. For this reason the authors consider that biographical method is an extremely powerful tool for grasping the way adolescents deal with the discontinuities created in their teen life-world experiences.