The role of autonomy supportive activities on students’ motivation and beliefs toward out-of-school activities

Physical education in elementary education usually provides children’s first contact with sports. According to the trans-contextual model of motivation, physical education teachers can positively influence children’s beliefs toward and actual leisure time physical activity behavior. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a dance-based physical education program on motivation regarding physical education lesson participation, as well as leisure time physical activity participation. The sample consisted of 252 pupils attending Grades 5 and 6 of elementary school (M_age?=?10.48 years, SD?=?0.50 years). Participants were randomly assigned into three groups. The first group attended a physical education lesson based on various forms of dance, the second one attended lessons with Greek traditional dances only, and the third group served as active control group that attended the typical curriculum. The intervention lasted six weeks. Before and after the intervention, students completed survey-based measures of motivational climate, motivational regulations in physical education and leisure time, enjoyment, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and intentions toward leisure time physical activity. In support of the trans-contextual model, results showed that students in the dance intervention programs scored significantly higher in perceptions of motivational climate and beliefs toward leisure time physical activity. The findings of the study suggest that dancing lessons at school can bolster more positive attitudes and beliefs toward physical education and leisure time physical activity.     

我国会计环境对会计信息质量的总体影响

会计环境包括很多因素，本文以经济体制因素为例，论述计划经济、市场经济两种不同的经济体制对会计信息质量的影响。     

中国计划经济下的北部湾对外通道——百年北部湾对外通道格局嬗变的透视之四

新中国建立后到20世纪90年代，北部湾对外通道的交通格局结构逐步走向合理和完善，但在新中国的计划经济宏观调控下，北部湾地区的交通格局一直处于缓慢发展阶段，探讨其中的原因，对分析今天北部湾地区经济发展的滞后性，寻找经济发展的增长点仍有启发。     

Using the theory of planned behaviour framework to understand Tasmanian dairy farmer engagement with extension activities to inform future delivery

Purpose: To identify and understand factors influencing farmers’ decisions to engage with extension activities. To understand farmer segments and how these factors vary in order to develop recommendations for future extension delivery.

Methodology: Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with 30 Tasmanian dairy farmers. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework was used to identify and explore factors influencing farmer engagement intentions and behaviour.

Findings: There was a negative effect of social influence on experienced farmers’ intention to re-engage with extension, due to the belief extension activities were targeted to less experienced, younger farmers. Perceived control factors limiting engagement included lack of confidence about existing knowledge, resulting in farmers perceiving extension activities as confronting.

Practical implications: Key factors influencing intention to engage and continued engagement with extension were identified. These findings will inform future design and targeting of extension activities to improve initial and continued engagement. Subsequent recommendations are presented.

Theoretical implications: Previous TPB studies on adoption as an outcome of extension have typically focused on quantifying adoption predictions, rather than exploring how social factors interact and influence intentions and behaviours. This paper demonstrates how the TPB can be qualitatively applied to better understand farmer decision making, in this instance with respect to their initial and continued engagement with extension.

Originality/value: This paper demonstrates how the TPB can provide an evidence-based framework to qualitatively explore farmer intentions and behaviour. This approach has led to new insights into farmer decision making that will inform improvements in future extension development.     

Students working online for group projects: a test of an extended theory of planned behaviour model

This study examined an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model that specified factors affecting students’ intentions to collaborate online for group work. Past behaviour, past experience and actual behavioural control were incorporated in the extended TPB model. The mediating roles of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control were also examined. Data were collected from primary and secondary students in Hong Kong (N = 957). The partial least square approach to structural equation modelling was used to analyse the a priori hypothesised model. In general, the model fitted the data very well and the major relationships were found to be significant. The results indicated that past experience and actual behavioural control played individual roles in the model. Theoretical and practical implications are considered in this study.     

天台山八种植被下土壤肥力因素的比较分析

本文研究了天台山八种植被下土壤中的肥力因素:有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾及PH值。并用模糊数学的方法对八种植被土壤的上述指标进行了综合比较,八种植被土壤肥力的相似顺序为:七子花土壤茶园土壤>竹林土壤>柳杉土壤>金钱松土壤>日本花柏土壤>黄山松土壤>云锦=杜鹃土壤。     

土壤磷酸酶活性及其影响因素研究

本文研究了砂姜黑土、潮土、黄褐土和水稻土的磷酸酶活性 ,分析了土壤磷酸酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮和有机磷的关系 ,用盆栽试验研究了不同的有机肥料对土壤磷酸酶活性的影响 ,结果表明 :(1)土壤磷酸酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮、有机磷含量存在明显的相关性 ,土壤磷酸酶活性可作为指示土壤肥力的指标。 (2 )施用有机肥料可明显提高土壤磷酸酶活性。 (3)一般在施用麦秸、猪粪 10天左右 ,土壤磷酸酶活性便可达到最大值 ,以后逐渐趋于稳定。     

论财政职能的转变

在市场经济体制和计划经济体制下财政的职能是完全不同的。我国自建国到一九七九年实行纯计划经济体制,相应财政的职能表述为分配和监督。改革开放后,由于出现了利益的多元化,财政增加了调节的职能。随着改革的深入,我国正式提出了市场经济的概念。市场价值规律在经济运行中发挥越来越重要的作用。西方的财政职能理论——资源配置、收入分配、稳定发展为我国财政改革提供了良好的蓝本和依据。     

规范-非规范和感性-理性视角下电子废弃物回收行为意向研究

以计划行为理论为基础,从电子废弃物的规范回收和非规范回收、感性回收行为意向和理性回收行为意向的视角,实证研究了电子废弃物的回收行为意向及其影响因素.结果表明,感性回收行为意向本质上属于规范回收导向,理性回收行为意向反映非规范回收倾向;回收态度、回收知识、回收形势感知等变量影响电子废弃物的感性回收行为意向,与理性回收行为意向之间不存在因果关系;主观规范影响回收态度;情境因素既直接影响回收态度,也调节回收态度对感性回收行为意向的影响.     

论人工生育子女的法律地位

科技的飞速发展促进了人工生育技术的进步,它的广泛应用对解决人类不育问题具有积极意义。同时对人类传统的生育观念乃至家庭关系的维系提出了挑战,并使得经这项技术生育的子女的法律地位变得扑朔迷离。运用亲子关系的种类、区别以及生育权的主体、性质等理论分析同质人工生育子女、异质人工生育子女的亲子关系性质和法律地位,并考查我国在人工生育子女法律规定方面的不足,可为我国加强对人工生育子女法律地位提出立法建议。