The development of discourse presentation in The Times, 1833–1988

Newspaper preferences for particular formats of speech presentation differ and they change in the course of time. In this contribution we focus on The Times and trace such developments in the formative years of the modern Anglo-American newspapers, from 1833 to 1988. We extracted data from The Times Digital Archive in six samples of roughly 5000 words at intervals of 31 years and analysed the texts manually for instances of reported speech. Our analysis shows that the focus has shifted from the presentation of speech events as coherent wholes in earlier newspapers towards a more selective use of individual statements that summarise an event or characterise it from different angles. And it also shows that the frequency of indirect forms of discourse presentation decreases over the years in favour of direct forms. This gives further support to the claim that in terms of discourse presentation broadsheets slowly develop into the direction spearheaded by tabloids.     

Figures for new frontiers,from Davy Crockett to cyberspace gurus

Figures of public discourse and imagination such as Davy Crockett model novel subjectivities and participate in the constitution of new frontiers‐ In the nineteenth century, figures like Crockett embodied the virtues and vices of combining with nature in speech and deed, while in the twentieth century figures such as cyberspace gurus, images of subjectivity from economic and social theory, and popular culture display the virtues and vices of combining with the “second nature” of commodities and computers. Engaging new frontier discourses and their characteristic rhetorical ornaments across time, this essay situates figures of speech and culture between the sublime and the ridiculous, pious awe and impious ridicule, and critiques the representative attitudes they cultivate for publics. The fundamental characteristic of a democratic aesthetic as it has been historically realized and imagined, and of which Crockett is an intriguing representative, may be its figural hybridizing of these two rhetorics, sublime/awe and ridicule/impiety.     

我国网络言论侵权的立法研究

在网络化时代背景下,网络言论侵犯隐私权、名誉权和司法独立的事件不断出现,虽然目前我国有关言论自由的法律法规体系已初步形成,但不足以遏制种种网络言论侵权行为。因此我国应对网络言论进行专门立法和完善相关法,并通过合理方式把“网络言论自由”纳入《宪法》。     

张大千题画诗的修辞艺术

题画诗是我国特有的诗歌形式之一,它充分体现了我国诗、书、画三者完美的统一。张大千在其创作的题画诗中,使用用典、对偶、比喻等多种修辞格,让诗歌具有诗意深邃、意境深远,句式整齐、朗朗上口,形象生动、自然贴切的艺术效果。     

Attributions and emotional competence: why some teachers experience close relationships with disruptive students (and others don’t)

ABSTRACT

Disruptive student behaviour is a major concern for teachers, causing classroom conflict and emotional fatigue. Whilst student-teacher closeness is known to reduce student aggression and improve behaviour, it is not yet known why some teachers experience close relationships with disruptive students and others do not. This qualitative study therefore examined relational closeness between elementary teachers and disruptive students in Sydney, Australia. Using a teacher speech sample task, we identified eight disruptive students with ‘complicated’ student-teacher relationships: high in both closeness and conflict. Eleven classroom teachers and seven support teachers each spoke about their relationships with the eight students. Speech samples were analysed using an inductive content analysis to determine characteristics that may facilitate relational closeness in spite of student-teacher conflict. Findings revealed two characteristics of teachers’ speech that guided relational closeness: attributions for disruptive behaviour and emotional competence. Not all teachers, however, described a close relationship. These findings provide new directions for interventions that aim to improve student-teacher relationship quality.     

人诗意地居住

通过分析海德格尔的哲学观和语言观,文章首先阐明“物”的本质以及艺术品作为符号对“物”本质的超越性;其次,分析了海德格尔在“最纯粹的被言说”即诗中探求“语言言说”本质的论证过程;最后,文章指出现代人已经抛却了神性的尺度,并论证了诗歌定是人类超越性的存在方式。     

从虚幻佛国走向滚滚尘世——论变文之“俗”

因为变文所依托的‘‘俗讲’’“转变”之俗,故变文思想内容通俗易懂,其中蕴含的忠孝观念及对天堂、地狱的描写,均体现出世俗化的特点：变文语言因为使用了大量的口语俗语词及熟语成语,体现出强烈的通俗性。     

近五年对外汉语语音教学研究综述

语音教学是语言教学的基础,对外汉语语音教学是培养汉语学习者听、说、读写技能和社会交际能力的首要前提。本文主要从研究内容和研究方法两大方面进行综述,同时指出对外汉语语音教学中存在的几个问题。     

随机应变 妙语回春——谈演讲训练中的应变技巧

演讲时,常常会出现一些意想不到的情况,比如忘了演讲词、讲了错话、听众被其他的突发事件干扰,面对这样的状况应该怎么办？这需要具有随机应变、灵活机智的技巧,做到处乱不惊、转危为安,使演讲继续进行下去。在口语教学实践中,我摸索出了几种简单实用的应变技巧,如插话衔接法等。     

Software as Protest: The Unexpected Resiliency of U.S.-Based DeCSS Posting and Linking

This research tracked web sites posting or linking to software known as DeCSS over a 26-month period coinciding with a U.S. lawsuit that found posting and linking to the DeCSS software to be illegal. Results showed a decrease in the number of web pages posting the DeCSS software, and a decrease in the number of web pages linking to DeCSS. Seven web sites retained their DeCSS posting for the entire 26-month study period. An increasing number of sites posted nonexecutable forms of DeCSS, and results show a large percentage of web sites contained political speech. The persistence of DeCSS linking and posting was surprising given the prohibition on linking and posting within the United States and given the obsolescence of DeCSS as a DVD decrypter. We suggest that DeCSS linking and posting persists primarily as a political symbol of protest.