Expectations versus reality: the case of Liberal Studies in Hong Kong’s new senior secondary reforms

This article reports the findings of a five-year longitudinal study investigating the introduction of Liberal Studies in the context of Hong Kong’s new senior secondary educational reforms. The aim of this empirical research, which adopted diachronic analysis to allow comparisons over time, was to compare teachers’ and students’ perceptions of the Liberal Studies curriculum before and after its introduction. Methodologically speaking, the study was informed by documentary inquiry, with approximately 560 newspaper articles and government reports collected to identify the issues surrounding the curriculum debate. Questionnaire-based surveys conducted in the pre- and post-reform periods revealed a sharp contrast between expectations and reality for both participant groups following the curriculum’s introduction. Whilst the students demonstrated favourable attitudes towards Liberal Studies before studying the subject, a certain degree of disappointment was expressed after the new curriculum came into effect. In follow-up interviews with teachers, they expressed a lack of confidence in teaching such a multi-disciplinary subject and criticised the overly ambitious nature of the curriculum. Liberal Studies, as currently taught, runs the risk of falling out of favour with Hong Kong secondary school teachers, and the question of whether it will play an increasingly important role in promoting patriotic education after the demise of Moral and National Education is deserving of research attention.     

基于Windows2000组策略的机房管理

本文在介绍Windows2000组策略的基础上,给出了如何利用组策略对计算机房进行统一管理的方法.     

新加坡的语言政策与官方语言的地位和功能

新加坡的语言政策可以分为英国殖民时期的“独尊英语,放开其他”、独立前后的“独尊巫语,多语并重”和20世纪70年代以来的“多语并存,英语独尊”三个发展阶段。目前其语言政策的基本精神可以概括为:尊重国内各种族语言文化之间的差异,以多语政策来谋求文化传承、民族和谐与政治稳定;以英语的通用来掌握学习西方先进科技的利器,推动经济繁荣和国际沟通．冀求建立对国家的忠心和认同。在这样的语言政策的制约和影响下,马来语、华语、淡米尔语和英语四种官方语言的地位和功能呈现出明显的分工并存的态势:马来语是名义上的国语,是马来人的共同语,是各种族之间的底层通用语言;华语是华族的民族共同语,是华族社群的高层语言:淡米尔语是印度族的通用语言;英语是实际上的国语,是社会的顶层语言,也是各种族之间的通用语言。     

我国教育政策价值的反思与前瞻

教育政策价值是教育政策理论与实践最根本、最核心的问题。近年来我国制定和实施的一系列教育政策还存在着诸多问题,而造成这些问题的一个重要原因是,我国尚缺乏对教育政策价值观的思考。从主体需要来说,我国未来的教育政策要重视其直接利益相应人的利益;要适当扩大教育政策制定、执行和评价主体的范围;要重视共同利益、长远利益、弱势利益和未得利益,做到共同利益与政治利益、长远利益与眼前利益、强势利益与弱势利益、既得利益与未得利益兼顾。从客体属性来说,我国未来的教育政策要重视其公共性,做到政治性与公共性的统一;要提升教育政策的合理性,做到合法性与合理性具体的、历史的统一;要加强教育政策的协调功能,做到管理功能与协调功能并重。从效应关系来看,我国未来的教育政策要提升其内在价值,做到外在价值与内在价值的统一;要重视教育政策应然价值,做到实然价值与应然价值的统一;要重视教育政策的隐性价值,做到显性价值与隐性价值的统一。     

科学的教育政策:教育践行科学发展观的支柱

教育事业的发展需要教育政策的支持,树立科学的教育发展观,首要任务是制定科学的教育政策,这是由教育政策的基本属性决定的:一方面,科学的教育政策以科学发展观为价值取向,受教育发展规律的指导,具有教育理论的特征;另一方面,科学的教育政策作为教育践行科学发展观的支柱,促进教育事业的全面、协调和可持续发展,又具有教育实践的特征。科学的教育政策是将教育理论通过复杂、合理的构建,并系统地作用于教育实践的桥梁。教育理论与教育实践发生作用的过程也是科学的教育政策系统运行的过程、完善的过程、发展的过程。     

论清末新政农业政策对中国近代农业的影响

清末新政农业政策的调整范围主要有：调整管理农业的行政机构；鼓励兴办农会；奖励垦荒；提倡改良农业技术。它在四个方面发挥了作用；促进中国新式农业教育事业的发展；改良、引进农产品种和生产工具以及改进农业技术；农产品商品化程度的提高；农业经营出现了有限资本主义化。但它对中国农业现代化所起的作用是十分有限的。     

西部少数民族女教师职业发展及其教育政策支持研究

西部少数民族地区女教师相对较少，这对该地区的女童、妇女教育及其女教师自身发展等都产生了不利影响。因此，客观认识和分析西部少数民族女教师的职业发展现状，探讨影响女教师职业发展的相关因素，并提出相应的教育政策建议，将有助于促进西部民族地区教育的良性发展。     

试析我国居民收入分配存在的问题、原因及对策

本试图对经济改革20余年来我国居民收入分配格局的变化，特别是近年来收入差距不断扩大问题进行初步研究。由于收入分配问题涉及面广，本只集中考察收入分配变化的一些重要方面。考虑到在我国经济转轨过程同现代经济发展过程并行这一特点，本从经济改革、体制调整等角度分析了我国居民收入差距变化的一般原因。章最后，本着公平与效率兼顾原则，就如何提高居民收入分配平等化程度提出某些有针对性的建议。     

Teacher evaluation policy as perceived by school principals: the case of Flanders (Belgium)

In Flanders (Belgium), a new teacher evaluation policy was issued which placed a lot of autonomy with school principals to develop and implement a new teacher evaluation system. In this study, we explore how Flemish principals perceive the new teacher evaluation policy and what influences their perception. Results demonstrate that principals perceive the policy as clear, but they are rather negative about the need, practicality, and complexity of the summative teacher evaluation. This perception is influenced by policy, context, and individual factors as is demonstrated in our qualitative analyses.     

Three dimensions of equity of access to higher education

Concerns over equity of access to higher education are widespread, but there is significant disagreement over what should constitute a fair system. This article assesses diverse conceptualisations of equity and explores the ways in which they embody themselves in the policies of three systems, those of England, Brazil and Kenya. While showing significant disparities of income level and enrolment ratio, all three have made concerted efforts to expand higher education access, accompanied by increasing stratification in terms of the quality and prestige of institutions. Analysis of policy options and outcomes leads to a proposal of three principles for understanding equity of access: availability, accessibility and horizontality. The third of these principles addresses the little-acknowledged safeguard that disadvantaged students should not be confined to lower-quality institutions, while at the same time allowing for diversity of ethos and disciplinary focus.