‘The students do not know why they are here’: education decision-making for Syrian refugees

This case study, conducted collaboratively between education scholars and education practitioners, describes and analyses the ways in which Syrian refugee teachers and an NGO are developing and implementing non-formal education (NFE) programming in three refugee settlements in Lebanon. Utilising the INEE Minimum Standards for Education in Emergencies, we analyse teachers’ and programme administrators’ decision-making processes regarding curriculum, language of instruction, and pedagogy as well as how and why these decisions are made in the absence of a guiding framework or policy for NFE. We also consider the ways in which the nation-state writ large still helps to influence these decisions in the ‘global era’.     

Resisting English: Excavating English Ideologies of Young Boys through Chutkule at an Indian Orphanage

The prevailing scholarship on Indians’ beliefs about English has, with few exceptions, largely failed to capture ideological resistance. Given the supremacy of English within the hierarchically ordered and unequal linguistic landscape in India, this study intervenes within this limited area of research. This investigation excavates ideologies of resistance to English through chutkule, a humorous folk genre, narrated by young boys at an anathashram (orphanage) in suburban New Delhi. The theoretical lens of language ideology is employed to unpack latent issues of resistance and erasure within the chutkule, and emergent ideological tensions are interpreted in the context of educational equity. In addition to locating beliefs about language in a previously unresearched genre, this study adds to the limited scholarship on Indians’ ideological resistance to English. Further, because these notions are mined through the boys’ chutkule at the anathashram, this investigation illuminates previously neglected discourses from India’s socioeconomic margins.     

The Impact of a Professional Development Program on Teachers' Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching,Instruction, and Student Achievement

In this paper, we describe findings from a three-year evaluation of a well-developed mathematics professional development program that is commercially available on a wide scale. The professional development is designed to improve teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching and to enable them to elicit more student thinking and reasoning during mathematics lessons. Specifically, it focused on helping teachers (a) learn more mathematics, (b) understand how children learn math, (c) use formative assessment to develop insight into what specific students know and do not know, and (d) develop effective classroom instructional strategies that enable student problem solving. Participants included 105 fourth- and fifth-grade teachers teaching in 19 low-income schools within a single district. Teachers were randomly assigned within schools either to a “business as usual” control group or to receive the professional development. The training consisted of a week-long summer institute and four to six in-service days during the school year. The training was run by full-time trained associates. We find some limited evidence of positive impacts on teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching, but no effects on instructional practice or student outcomes.     

美国数据安全政策的演化路径、特征及启示

美国数据安全政策的发展与互联网、数字技术的发展有着密切的联系,数据安全由克林顿时代的网络基础设施保护,到布什时代的网络反恐,再到奥巴马时代的创建网络司令部,美国的数据安全战略经历了一个"从被动预防到主动出击"的演化过程,本文对美国数据安全的政策演化路径进行研究,以期对我国数据安全政策制订予以借鉴。     

Patenting and US academic research in the 20th century: The world before and after Bayh-Dole

The dramatic growth of patenting and licensing of publicly funded research by American research universities in the closing quarter of the 20th century has stimulated some of the highest-profile debates in science and technology policy today. The issue of what aspects of academic research should be public - and what private - lies at the heart of each of these debates. The movement of academic scientists into commercialisation of discoveries and inventions has been extolled by some as a new model of academic research, one which facilitates economic and social returns from universities. At the same time, this trend has been criticised by others as representing a socially inefficient ‘privatisation’ of academic research and as a threat to the ethos of science itself. This paper places these debates in historical context, with a review of changes in American universities’ patenting policies, procedures and practices throughout the 20th century, an assessment of the logic underlying the passage of the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, and an overview of its effects on economic returns from university research.     

我国大科学装置发展战略研究和政策建议

本文是中国科学院综合计划局、基础科学局组织的大科学装置发展战 略研究小组经广泛深入的研究之后形成的政策建议报告简本，主要包括大科学装置在国家发 展中的地位和作用、现阶段我国大科学装置发展战略的构想等内容，重点论述了我国大科学 装置发展中若干问题的研究与政策建议。     

未来科技创新实验室安全环境的政策及管理方向研究

阐述创新实验室安全的概念,对目前中国、韩国的创新实验室安全的法律法规状态作简要介绍与分析,对非传统安全进行探讨。在此研究的基础上,对我国科技创新实验室安全环境的相关政策与管理方向提出若干建议。     

R＆D政策及其空间效应——欧盟经验与借鉴意义

R＆D投入是提升区域创新能力的重要途径,R＆D政策对于提升我国自主创新能力尤为重要。在对比分析创新与R＆D内涵的基础上,对R＆D政策的概念和内涵给予界定。以欧盟为例,介绍了欧盟R＆D政策的构成、政策效果及其在不同空间层面的区域效应。针对我国R＆D政策提出几点建议。     

Public procurement and innovation—Resurrecting the demand side

Demand is a major potential source of innovation, yet the critical role of demand as a key driver of innovation has still to be recognised in government policy. This article discusses public procurement as one of the key elements of a demand-oriented innovation policy. The paper starts by signaling the new significance of public procurement for innovation policy strategies at the EU level and in a range of European countries. It then defines the concept of public procurement and embeds this concept within a taxonomy of innovation policies. The rationales and justifications of public procurement policies to spur innovation are discussed, followed by a consideration of the challenges and potential pitfalls as well as appropriate institutional arrangements and strategies, including some recent empirical examples of good practice. It concludes by confronting the public procurement approach with two of the most common objections to it and by considering future prospects.     

科技创新政策体系协调性研究1

国家科技创新体系是由政府、高校和科研院所、企业以及科技中介服务机构组成的复杂系统,政府通过科技创新政策解决系统的市场失灵和系统失灵问题,国家创新体系建设水平在很大程度上取决于科技创新政策体系的协调性。本文首先给出了科技创新政策体系的定义,分析了科技创新政策体系及其协调性的内涵;其次,在讨论了国家科技创新体系的协调性与科技创新政策体系协调性关系的基础上,分别从国家创新体系的科技创新能力的协调性和科技创新活动的协调性两方面分析了国家科技创新体系建设对科技创新政策体系协调性的需求;最后,提出科技创新政策体系协调性内容。