Reconfiguring confined magnetic colloids with tunable fluid transport behavior

Collective dynamics of confined colloids are crucial in diverse scenarios such as self-assembly and phase behavior in materials science, microrobot swarms for drug delivery and microfluidic control. Yet, fine-tuning the dynamics of colloids in microscale confined spaces is still a formidable task due to the complexity of the dynamics of colloidal suspension and to the lack of methodology to probe colloids in confinement. Here, we show that the collective dynamics of confined magnetic colloids can be finely tuned by external magnetic fields. In particular, the mechanical properties of the confined colloidal suspension can be probed in real time and this strategy can be also used to tune microscale fluid transport. Our experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that the collective configuration characterized by the colloidal entropy is controlled by the colloidal concentration, confining ratio and external field strength and direction. Indeed, our results show that mechanical properties of the colloidal suspension as well as the transport of the solvent in microfluidic devices can be controlled upon tuning the entropy of the colloidal suspension. Our approach opens new avenues for the design and application of drug delivery, microfluidic logic, dynamic fluid control, chemical reaction and beyond.     

Kinetic function of the lower limbs during baseball tee-batting motion at different hitting-point heights

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetic functions of the lower limbs at different hitting-point heights to provide key information for improving batting technique in baseball players. Three-dimensional coordinate data were acquired using a motion capture system (250 Hz) and ground reaction forces were measured using three force platforms (1000 Hz) in 22 male collegiate baseball players during tee-batting set at three different hitting-point heights (high, middle, and low). Kinetic data were used to calculate joint torque and mechanical work in the lower limbs by the inverse dynamics approach. The peak angular velocity of the lower trunk about the vertical axis was smaller under the low condition. The joint torques and mechanical works done by both hip adduction/abduction axes were different among the three conditions. These results indicate that hip adduction/abduction torques mainly contribute to a change in the rotational movement of the lower body about the vertical axis when adjusting for different hitting-point heights. In order to adjust for the low hitting-point height which would be difficult compared with other hitting-point heights, batters should focus on rotating the lower trunk slowly by increasing both hip abduction torques.     

黑龙江省大中型企业技术创新动力的评价结果分析

通过对黑龙江省62家大中型企业的技术创新动力状况进行评价和研究,分析黑龙江省大中型企业技术创新动力的现状和存在的不足,并有针对性地提出相关的对策和建议。     

Kinetics and kinematics analysis of incremental cycling to exhaustion

Technique changes in cyclists are not well described during exhaustive exercise. Therefore the aim of the present study was to analyze pedaling technique during an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. Eleven cyclists performed an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. Pedal force and joint kinematics were acquired during the last three stages of the test (75%, 90% and 100% of the maximal power output). Inverse dynamics was conducted to calculate the net joint moments at the hip, knee and ankle joints. Knee joint had an increased contribution to the total net joint moments with the increase of workload (5–8% increase, p < 0.01). Total average absolute joint moment and knee joint moment increased during the test (25% and 39%, for p < 0.01, respectively). Increases in plantar flexor moment (32%, p < 0.01), knee (54%, p < 0.01) and hip flexor moments (42%, p = 0.02) were found. Higher dorsiflexion (2%, for p = 0.03) and increased range of motion (19%, for p = 0.02) were observed for the ankle joint. The hip joint had an increased flexion angle (2%, for p < 0.01) and a reduced range of motion (3%, for p = 0.04) with the increase of workload. Differences in joint kinetics and kinematics indicate that pedaling technique was affected by the combined fatigue and workload effects.     

横向磁场中磁性液体表观密度研究

利用磁天平和电子天平测量了不同电流和高度下磁性液体的表观密度。使用霍尔传感器测量不同电流下轴线上的磁场强度,通过origin软件对磁场强度拟合并求偏导,得到不同电流下轴线上的磁场梯度分布曲线。根据磁性液体的Bernoulli方程推导了磁性液体表观密度的表达式,磁性液体的表观密度由磁性液体的固有密度、磁化强度以及外加磁场及磁场梯度决定。无磁场作用时,磁性液体密度各处相等,说明磁性液体中的纳米磁性颗粒均匀分散在载液中;有外磁场作用时,随着外加磁场增强,磁场梯度也逐渐增强,导致磁性液体中悬浮的磁性颗粒移动到磁场及磁场梯度增强的位置,使得该处磁性液体的表观密度增加,理论结果与实验结果一致。     

吉林省大安市近50年土地盐碱化时空动态及成因分析

以GIS技术为支撑,基于地形图和MSS、TM影像,从数量、类型、空间分布及重心转移几个方面进行了大安市盐碱地景观的动态变化及成因分析.结果表明,近50年来,大安市盐碱地面积共增加了7.41×104hm2.在盐碱地的整个消长过程中,草地和盐碱地的类型转换最为频繁.由于盐碱地增长的区域差异,近50年来,大安市盐碱地重心向西南偏移了18.19 km.大安市盐碱化的不断增加是自然因素和人类活动共同作用的结果,但不同影响因素对盐碱地增长的影响具有一定的区域差异性.南部对气候的敏感程度远大于北部,而人类活动在西北部盐碱化发展的过程中则起着越来越重要的作用.     

超临界CO2萃取除虫菊酯的研究

采用超临界CO2萃取除虫菊中有效成分除虫菊酯。研究了萃取压力、萃取温度对产品的收率和品质的影响，以及CO2流量和萃取时间的关系。其最优化工艺条件为：压力16Mpa，温度40℃，当CO2流量为20m^3/h时，萃取时间为2小时。     

广义相对论中带电流体球的两个精确解

对应于静止带电球对称分布流体球,本文给出了一种获得Einstein-Max well方程精确解的方法,得出了两了新的精确解,并且比较详尽地讨论了它们的物理性质。     

人体细胞间液中Pr(Ⅲ)对Zn(Ⅱ)物种作用的计算机模拟研究(英文)

建立了人体细胞间液多相模型,研究了人体细胞间液中Pr(Ⅲ)对Zn(Ⅱ)物种的作用。结果表明,Pr(Ⅲ)能够影响Zn(Ⅱ)的物种分布。Zn(Ⅱ)主要分布于[Zn(HSA)],[Zn(IgG)]和 [Zn(Cys)2 H]中。Pr(Ⅲ)不能与Zn(Ⅱ)竞争HSA和IgG配体;但是,Pr(Ⅲ)能够与Zn(Ⅱ)竞争磷酸盐和碳酸盐配体,这会引起Zn(Ⅱ)物种的重新分布     

存在轴承径向游隙的三自由度齿轮动力学混沌与分叉研究

综合考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、齿面间隙、轴承游隙和啮合综合误差等多种非线性因素影响,建立三自由度直齿轮振动模型,并对模型进行无量纲化处理。采用4阶变步长Runge－Kutta法对齿轮模型微分方程进行求解,得到齿轮在轴承径向游隙变化时运动的分岔图、相图和Poincaré映射图。发现随着轴承游隙的变小,系统响应也经历了从混沌态到稳态再到混沌态的历程,其中发生了倍周期分岔的现象。给出了系统的分岔值,得到了系统混沌形成的过程。