中国体育用品制造业全要素生产率变化及其影响因素研究

基于2004~2011年14个省区的面板数据,测算中国体育用品制造业的Malmquist生产率指数的结果显示,全要素生产率总体上呈现增长态势,年均增长3.1%,全要素生产率增长的主要动力来自技术进步,技术效率特别是规模效率产生了制约作用。基于动态面板模型的影响因素分析结果显示,发明专利授权量对全要素生产率增长有显著负向影响,而企业规模、人力资本和人均文教娱乐消费支出有显著正向影响。因此,提升中国体育用品制造业全要素生产率的基本思路在于,加大研发投入和人力资本投资,促进技术水平与人力资本的稳步提升;扩大企业规模,走规模化和集约化并重的发展道路。     

The contradictory location of high school apprenticeship in Canada

Recent education policies focus on making youth pathways more transparent while addressing skills shortage. However, there appears to be ambivalence about the target audience for ‘new vocational’ programmes in secondary schools and how they should be organized. This paper begins from the observation that Canadian policy‐makers, like those in other countries, have shown increasing interest in bringing vocational and academic tracks into closer alignment. However, drawing on empirical data from a number of case studies of high school apprenticeship, we argue that persistent tensions in educational policy and practice can be explained by the legacy of the historical development of high school vocational education, the ambivalent position of vocational education in the ‘knowledge‐based economy’ and the competing interests of different partners. We conclude that greater awareness of the distributional issues that underlie vocational education policies is needed.     

The power of positional competition and market mechanism: a case study of recent parental choice development in China

This article draws on data collected during a pilot study conducted in two west London schools exploring young people’s understandings of success. It considers ways in which ‘discourses of success’, as part of New Labour’s project of re‐inventing schooling, may shape young people’s subjectivity. The article examines articulations between New Labour policy and aspects of social difference and how these structure new identifications with success. In particular, the article explores how class, gender and ethnicity shape discourses of success and how they are implicated in their distribution. In conclusion, the article indicates how current education policy (particularly in relation to educational success) articulates the ‘public’ domain with dimensions of the ‘private’ self and suggests that understanding this is vital in the pursuit of social justice.     

The conventions of sport clubs: enabling and constraining the implementation of social goods through sport

In order to shed light on the possibilities for using sport as a vehicle for the realization of social goods—understood as sport having a wider social role—this paper scrutinizes Norwegian sport clubs. The study is guided by the concept of convention, which refers to individuals’ cognitive structures, and to social structure. Three sport clubs were investigated and three qualitative methods, including document analysis, observation and interviews, were employed. First, in the results section, the main sport convention is identified as being competitiveness. Secondly, it is argued that as a consequence of the main convention for sport there are limited possibilities for the realization of social goods such as health. The possibilities of sports clubs combining the convention of competitiveness with others is discussed, considering the former as substantial for practice and discussing whether the latter is mere rhetoric.     

四川省社会消费品零售额的ARIMA预测模型

通过分析四川省2008年至2009年每月的社会消费品零售额,建立了ARIMA模型。借助于MAPE（平均绝对百分比误差）度量了模型的预测能力。其次,文章利用所建模型对四川省2010年每月的社会消费品零售额进行预测,并与其实际值进行比较。结果表明,模型的预测精确度非常高,适合于四川省社会消费品零售额的预测。最后,提出了一些相应的政策建议。     

Operating Status of China＇s Sporting Goods Industry and Development Strategies

通过查阅大量文献资料,利用国家统计局等发布的相关数据数对体育用品业的发展现状进行分析,总结目前体育用品业存在的问题,结合国家＂十二五＂规划等相关政策,对体育用品业的发展提出对策建议。     

体育用品出口贸易对我国经济增长贡献程度的实证研究

以我国体育用品出口与国内生产总值(GDP)月度数据为研究对象,运用相关分析、协整技术分析、格兰杰因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数分析及向量误差修正模型等研究方法对其进行实证分析。结果表明,我国体育用品出口与经济增长之间存在长期的均衡稳定关系,体育用品出口对经济增长的弹性较小,体育用品出口每增加1个百分点,国内生产总值增长将提高0.002 155 34个百分点。不存在体育用品出口到我国经济增长(或经济增长到体育用品出口)的单向格兰杰因果关系,体育用品出口的变动不是我国经济增长变动的主要原因。而我国经济的快速增长对体育用品出口的影响也有限。体育用品出口贸易对经济增长具有正向效益,但长、短期效应均不明显,我国经济的快速增长也并未对体育用品出口贸易产生长、短期效应。     

虚拟社区中的公共知识与知识共享网络

虚拟社区已成为重要的知识共享平台,虚拟社区中的知识共享也成为研究的热点问题。为了研究虚拟社区中的知识共享行为,本文分析了影响知识共享行为的社区成员间的人际互动关系和知识关系,构建了虚拟社区中知识共享活动背后的知识共享网络,从理论上分析了两种关系间的相关性,然后从虚拟社区公共知识的公共物品特性分析入手,将虚拟社区的知识共享行为看作是产生社区公共知识的集体行动,结合实证分析对虚拟社区知识共享网络的结构模式和两种关系之间的相关性进行了解析和验证。     

存在易耗部件的耐用品垄断厂商策略研究

本文依据一类特殊耐用品的使用特性,将该类耐用品分为耐用和易耗两个部分。研究了两阶段情况下存在易耗部件的耐用品垄断厂商的策略问题。结果表明:租赁纯策略是垄断厂商的最优选择;第一阶段的耐用品最优产量受到耐用品耐用度和第一阶段易耗部件耐用度的双重影响,但与第二阶段易耗部件耐用度无关;第二阶段耐用品的最优产量则受到耐用品耐用度、第一阶段易耗部件耐用度和第二阶段易耗部件耐用度的三重影响;第一阶段易耗部件的最优价格随耐用品耐用度的增加先递减后递增,而第二阶段易耗部件的最优价格与耐用品耐用度无关,各阶段易耗部件的最优价格只与同一阶段易耗部件的耐用度负相关。