平面应力状态分析中的两个问题刍议

给出了在不求主应力的情况下判定二向应力状态的简易公式以及用主应力表示的关于主平面方向角的方程式.     

混凝土系杆拱桥温度应力有限元分析

本文以某混凝土刚架系杆拱桥为原型,借助ANSYS软件建立平面有限元模型,计算拱肋结构各控制截面在温度荷载作用下的内力与应力值,并通过改变矢跨比,将不同情况下的计算结果进行对比,并对结果进行分析。     

试论英语短音化规则

本归纳了英语的数个短音化规则,分析了短音化规则中长短元音交替的性质和规律,探讨了短音化规则形成的原因。     

变温非线性粘弹性理论及其在显像管玻壳模具设计中的应用

指出了热粘弹性材料在变温和恒温下的松弛的差别 .为考虑材料在较高温度下 ,不同的应力增量沿不同的应力松弛曲线松弛的非线性现象 ,建立了一种变温非线性粘弹性理论 (该理论基于作者已建立的变温线性粘弹性理论中的一些概念 ,如材料在恒温下的松弛曲面 ,变温松弛曲线以及终态温度等效松弛曲线等 ) .该变温非线性粘弹性理论已用于模拟显像管玻壳模具的变形 ,结果表明它比基于线性理论的分析有更高精度     

杂交应力有限单元中应力模式分类的一神新方法

本文利用有限单元的本征应力模式和单元构造中 Ｇ矩阵的秩分析,对杂交应力单元中的应力模式进行分类,给出了种应力模式分类的新方法,并揭示了对应十同一种单元的不同假设应力场之间的关系,进而给出了建立假设应力场的一般方法。新方法与特征值分析方法比较,具有运算量小,计算效率高的特点     

斯皮瓦克与后殖民理论翻译小议

西方后殖民理论的代表人物斯皮瓦克的作品集多种理论于一体 ,涉及题材广泛 ,语言晦涩难懂 ,因而对中国的译者是严峻的挑战。王丽丽同志在翻译斯氏的《三位妇女的文本与帝国主义的批判》一文时出现了一些误读和误译 ,王文的误译大多是由于译者对斯氏的论点以及她讨论的三部作品缺乏了解所致。另外还须注意斯皮瓦克作品中具有特殊含义的Subaltern一词在汉语中的翻译问题     

Narrative fragmentation in child sexual abuse: The role of age and post-traumatic stress disorder

The present study aimed to assess the effects of age and PTSD on the narrative fragmentation in memories for child sexual abuse. Lexical complexity, cohesion and coherence were analyzed within a group of 86 allegations of children (M = 10 years; SD = 3.7; range: 4–17) who were victims of sexual abuse. Results illustrated that age played an important role in establishing narrative coherence and predicted the level of orientation, the sequence of events and the level of evaluation of the event. Instead, PTSD was related to narrative coherence and cohesion. Therefore, in children, the narrative fragmentation could be an effective diagnostic tool for understanding the effects of PTSD. Moreover in a legal setting the traumatic effects of PTSD on the narrative coherence and cohesion could be significant indices in the evaluation of child testimony.     

Religious coping,meaning‐making and stress: perspective of support staff of children with disabilities in residential disability centres in Oman

Staff providing support to children with disabilities in residential disability centres in Oman are exposed to stressful work environments which may put them at an increased risk of burnout. Previous research has examined predictors of stress in disability support staff, but there is little consensus as the findings are inconclusive. Using a cross‐sectional design, a short survey examined religious coping styles, meaning and inner sense of peace, attitude to meaning in life, organisational religiousness practices and stress of 142 female disability support staff from community disability centres in Oman. Multiple regression analyses indicated that positive religious coping was more predictive of stress than negative religious coping. There was an association between meaning‐making and stress in disability support staff. Religious organisation explained most of the variance in stress scores and was the best predictor of stress in disability support staff. Implications of the study are discussed in relation to the role of both culture and religion.     

Impact of legislation on post‐school transition practice for young people with additional support needs in Scotland

A longitudinal study was conducted to understand post‐school transition practice for young people with additional support needs (ASN) before and after the implementation of key legislation, the Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004, amended in 2009. Primary data were collected from one local authority in Scotland. Twelve professionals involved in post‐school transition planning were interviewed in 2004 and eight in 2010. Minutes of transition meetings from one school for three young people prior to the implementation of the Act and four after the implementation were analysed. Results show some changes since the implementation of the Act.     

Risky behaviors and educational attainment among young Mexican-origin mothers: The role of acculturative stress and the educational aspiration–expectation gap

The current longitudinal study examined how Mexican-origin adolescent mothers’ (N = 204) reports of acculturative stress during late adolescence were associated with their educational attainment and engagement in risky behaviors in young adulthood, 4 years post-partum; we also examined whether this association was mediated by discrepancies between adolescents’ educational aspirations and expectations. Findings revealed that mothers’ greater reports of stress regarding English competency pressures and pressures to assimilate were associated with a larger gap between their aspirations and expectations. Mothers’ reports of greater stress from pressures against assimilation, however, were associated with a smaller gap between aspirations and expectations. As expected, a larger gap between aspirations and expectations was associated with lower educational attainment and increased engagement in risky behaviors. Finally, significant mediation emerged, suggesting that the influence of stress from English competency pressures and pressures to assimilate on young mothers’ educational attainment and engagement in risky behaviors was mediated through the aspiration–expectation gap. Findings are discussed with respect to understanding discrepancies between young mothers’ aspirations and expectations in the context of acculturative stress.