On the development of postdoctoral education in China

Having experienced three stages of “preliminary establishment”, “rapid and comprehensive development” and “steady development” for twenty years, China's postdoctoral system is moving towards a new one, the stage of “quality improvement and innovation development.” Remarkable achievements in the system include cultivating talented personnel, promoting the construction and development of disciplines, integrating production, learning and research, as well as scientific research achievements. However, some problems still exist in its managerial system, the science funds subsidized as well as the relationship between the mobile station and the workstation. Based on the above analysis, the author suggests that the postdoctoral system in the new era should be innovative in its systems of management, cultivation, funds collection, subvention and evaluation.     

A comparative study of educational research in China and the United States

This article examines one major research journal from China and one from the United States. The study compares the two journals with regard to three questions: 1) Who is doing research published in the journals? 2) What are the major issues and concerns represented in the journals? 3) What research methodologies are favoured in the journals? The authors believe that understanding another country's educational research practices, through addressing these questions, can better enable domestic researchers, educators and policymakers to acknowledge the major educational concerns and issues that exist across countries. As boundaries between national borders continue to blur, this understanding can help educational researchers better interpret and present their findings with greater international relevance.     

对教育学研究者的研究

不同时期的教育学研究者的学术背景、研究旨趣变化很大,教育学研究者的学术背景、研究旨趣的变迁直接影响教育学的发展。教育学研究者当下面临着许多矛盾和危机,主要有职业研究者与实践的疏离导致的理论功能危机、其他学科和学者"入侵"导致的学术尊严危机以及学术使命与当前利益的价值选择危机。     

在求真与求用之间——论院校研究人员的“院校忠诚“与“学术忠诚“

院校研究人员的院校忠诚或学术忠诚取向影响着院校研究的健康发展,因此,不论是其学术视域还是研究范式,院校研究人员作为一名学者而非行政人员的角色定位,要求其必须将社会责任和科学理性放在第一位,必须以对学术忠诚的态度开展院校研究。     

开放获取环境下我国科研人员对知识产权制度的认知与态度

[目的/意义] 了解开放获取环境下我国科研人员对知识产权制度的认知与态度,为知识产权问题的解决提供建议,以期提高科研人员参与开放获取的积极性。[方法/过程] 采用半结构化访谈法,选取北京地区13位科研人员,通过访谈了解其对开放获取环境下知识产权制度相关问题的认知与态度,总结科研人员参与开放获取的知识产权障碍,并提出解决建议。[结果/结论] 研究发现,科研人员参与开放获取的内在可能性大,但参与过程中的知识产权障碍较为突出,科研人员期待知识产权政策体系的完善。提出4点建议：做好知识产权的宣传和开放获取环境下知识产权服务工作,推动科研人员和学术期刊的协议文本内容优化,完善国家的宏观政策,完善开放获取期刊和开放获取知识库的版权政策。     

More than words in a text: learning to conduct qualitative research in the midst of a major life event

The process of becoming a qualitative researcher is fraught with challenges that are not always knowable prior to engaging in research. Coursework, reading, discussions, and writing about the process provide a foundation but cannot replace the experiential value of engaging in research. This autobiographical intrinsic case study describes the author’s first attempt conducting qualitative research as a doctoral student documenting additional challenges after the participant, my mother, was diagnosed with terminal cancer. Using document analysis, I chronicled and made meaning of this first experience, especially how my relationship with the participant impacted my understanding and applying the concepts of rapport, reflexivity, subjectivity, and intersubjectivity.     

研发人员薪酬机制:能力甄别与努力程度激励

文章就企业如何在薪酬机制方面对研发人员进行能力甄别和努力程度激励进行了探讨,认为企业应该实行混合型的薪酬体系,充分运用外部约束务件并从企业内部培训两个方面来对研发人员进行能力甄别,从而达到降低研发风险、提高研发收益的目的。     

Does Age Matter?: The Information-Seeking Behavior of Filipino Aquaculture Researchers

Findings of previous studies revealed that regardless of the objective, age does affect the information-seeking behavior of an individual. Likewise, this study found the same results. Although all of the younger Filipino aquaculture researchers preferred the Internet to begin their search process, it was found that they were more frequent library users, and more reliant on librarians than their older counterparts. Likewise, they preferred the combination of print and electronic formats when reading. Thus, they would print and save the retrieved electronic copy of information at least very often. The study is a valuable addition to the information-seeking behavior studies on Filipinos, and the first to tackle the effects of age on the information-seeking behavior of Filipino aquaculture researchers.     

面向科研人员的个人学术信息管理工具研究

[目的/意义]探索科研人员个人学术信息管理工具使用意愿影响因素,构建相关理论模型,为开发设计有效的个人学术信息管理工具,提高信息利用率和科研工作效率提供理论指导和建议。[方法/过程]基于扎根理论的研究方法,采用理论饱和抽样的方法对17名科研人员进行面对面的包含开放性问题的半结构化访谈,通过编码分析归纳科研人员个人学术信息管理工具使用意愿影响因素,包括感知有用性、感知易用性、个体因素和情境因素,构建相应的理论模型。同时按照本研究对科研人员需求调查分析选取常用的8种学术信息管理工具进行比较分析,从信息分类获取、存储管理、组织和交流共享等方面进行对比。[结果/结论]面向科研人员的个人学术信息管理工具构建需要考虑到用户界面、信息组织结构、弥补用户认知局限、解决信息同步共享、保障学术信息安全、符合用户使用习惯、支持语义整合和推送并进行团队科研信息共享。     

Teacher researchers creating communities of research practice by the use of a professional development approach

The aim of this article is to elucidate how teacher researchers use a theoretical framework as mediated tool to create boundaries in communities of research practices (CoRPs) and how this effects student learning. If, and in what way, knowledge developed in one practice can be used to inform the next is also examined. Two teacher researchers implemented two CoRPs each, one as internal participant and one as external participant. In total, 202 students, 22 teachers, 2 teacher researchers, and 1 researcher participated. The qualitative analysis is framed by Wenger’s three boundary dimensions: engagement, imagination, and alignment. The results show that teachers’ actions in the second practice, no matter if they were internal or external participants, are characterized by a higher degree of security and knowledge and the lessons implemented are more effective regarding the students’ learning outcomes than in the first. The results show that knowledge develops in an interaction order regardless of the internal or external community order. The result from the first team informs the starting point for the second team, and knowledge boundaries are transferred by the teacher researcher from one CoRP to the other.