项目团队科研人员信息查询行为与创新行为的互动机理

目的：探讨信息查询行为与创新行为的互动机理。方法：采用自行研制的科研人员信息查询行为和创新行为量表,对长治医学院36个科研团队共218名科研人员的信息查询行为和创新行为进行调查,应用描述性分析、t 检验、F 检验等统计学方法分析其互动机理。结果：项目团队科研人员信息查询行为各维度与创新行为、创新意识、创新特质、创新环境相互作用和影响,信息评价对创新行为影响最大,创新行为维度与信息查询行为存在显著相关性,创新特质对信息查询行为影响最大。结论：科研人员的信息查询行为总体与创新行为总体之间具有强相关性,应逐渐提高科研人员信息查询能力、增强其信息素养、创新特质、创新意识和创新能力。     

Children's perceptions of primary science assessment in England and Wales

This study builds on and contributes to work on assessment of children in primary school, particularly in science. Previous research has examined primary science assessment from different standpoints, but no studies have specifically addressed children's perspectives. This article provides additional insight into issues surrounding children's assessment in primary school and how the assessment of science might develop in England after the science SATs (Standard Assessment Tests) were abolished in 2009. Some research suggests that primary science assessment via SATs is a major reason for the observed decline in children's engagement with science in upper primary and lower secondary school. The analytic focus on engaging children as coresearchers to assist in the process of gathering informed views and interpreting findings from a large sample of children's views enables another contribution. The study, based on a survey of 1000 children in primary and secondary schools in England and Wales, reveals that despite being assessed under two different regimes (high‐stakes national tests in England and moderated teacher assessment in Wales), children's views of science assessment are remarkably consistent. Most appreciate the usefulness of science assessment and value frequent, non‐SATs testing for monitoring/improving science progress. There was a largely negative impact, however, of science assessment on children's well‐being, particularly due to stress. The paper demonstrates that children provide an important perspective on assessment and that including their views can improve policy‐making in relation to primary science assessment.     

我国高等教育学专职研究人员特征研究

对21所高校246名高等教育学专职研究人员进行调查分析,发现高等教育学专职研究人员在21所院校的数量分布严重不均,年龄分布以中年为主、研究方向呈现院校特色化和宏观化、教育背景多元化和国际化程度普遍较低的特征。为了促进高等教育研究队伍的持续健康发展,需要加强院校之间的沟通交流、提倡微观研究、保持研究人员教育背景的多元化和提高国际化程度。     

我国科研人员的科研合作网络分析——基于个体中心网视角的研究

 利用一项对我国科研人员的大规模社会调查所得数据,运用个体中心网分析方法来研究科研人员的合作网络。研究从网络规模、网络密度、网络趋同性和网络异质性等网络指标出发,对科研人员的合作网络进行了全面的描述和分析,并进一步分析了不同类型的科研人员在合作网络结构上存在的差异情况。最后还就分析的理论意义和政策含义展开了讨论。     

Roles,requirements and autonomy of academic researchers

As an indicator of nations' prosperity and economic competitiveness, research impacts the mounting roles and requirements placed upon academic researchers. Internationally, researchers are expected to effectively operate in the fast-changing and demanding research environment. Such effectiveness corresponds mainly to their ability to establish international and interdisciplinary collaborations, secure internal and external grants, and most importantly deliver tangible research outputs. As such, this desired research excellence impacts researchers' academic appointments, recognitions and promotions. Driven by research productivity and pursuit of academic excellence, researchers' individual autonomy may become restricted. This work is based on (a) an international study exploring research productivity within higher education institutions across 15 countries and (b) a relevant international literature review. The voices of 32 participants portray competencies required from and requirements placed upon academic researchers at their respective universities. Findings show that the role of academic researchers is changing and the requirements pose challenges to researchers' autonomy. The research productivity quest along with opportunity-driven decisions may not only restrict researchers' autonomy but also compromise their academic integrity.     

博弈视角下高校青年科研人员一稿多投行为研究

研究从经济学视角对高校青年科研人员一稿多投行为本质进行探讨,并从静态博弈与动态演化博弈角度对高校青年科研人员一稿多投行为的原因进行分析。研究发现:高校青年科研人员实施一稿多投行为的收益是影响其一稿多投行为的关键因素;高校青年科研人员实施一稿多投行为被查后的利益损失抑制一稿多投行为的产生。根据研究的结果,本文认为治理高校青年科研人员一稿多投行为需要改革高校青年科研人员考评制度,降低一稿多投行为的收益并扩大实施该行为的利益损失,在此基础上,实行期刊编辑部与高校共同参与的综合治理模式,以期达到事半功倍的效果。     

The future of the academic calling? Junior researchers in the entrepreneurial university

This article explores what motivates junior researchers to engage in academic work and what questions are central for their academic identities. The context of the study is the entrepreneurial orientation of today’s university, which according to many leaves little space for the academic calling. The main argument is that the identity work of the junior researchers interviewed revolves around four key questions: What kind of research should I do? What kind of tasks should I prioritize? Am I good enough at what I am doing? What would be the right place for me in the future? Their answers to these questions show that while some elements of the traditional academic identity continue to appeal to the junior researchers, they also search for new interpretations and sources of meaning.     

Catalytic tools: understanding the interaction of enquiry and feedback in teachers’ learning

This paper investigates how the use of Pupil Views Templates (PVTs), a tool designed to elicit, record and analyse the development of students’ awareness of their own learning processes, supports teachers’ professional learning. This paper reports on a three‐year collaborative practitioner enquiry project involving more than 30 primary and secondary schools in England. The data set includes practitioners’ case studies, interviews, questionnaires and cross‐project analysis completed by the university team. Analysis focuses on the role of feedback, stimulated through the use of PVTs, in teachers’ learning through three dimensions: the influence of student feedback on teachers as part of the pedagogical encounter; the influence of student feedback on schools within the context of the practitioner enquiry projects; the influence of feedback on the lead teacher researchers. Links between the tools used, the source of the feedback, and teachers’ learning are mapped from a ‘second order perspective’ derived from the diverse data sources.     

Research and teacher education in the UK: Building capacity

The need for capacity-building in teacher education in the UK has been raised as a serious issue by a number of commentators. Tensions about the place of research in teacher education have persisted for many decades, but following changes to the core funding mechanisms in the UK, the maintenance of education research bases within many universities has become increasingly tenuous. This paper provides an analytical account of an initiative conducted by the Teacher Education Group (TEG) to build research capacity in teacher education. With reference to a review of the national contexts for research in the UK and research on teacher educators, the article argues that, in order to build research capacity initiatives we need to provide motivation and new types of networking opportunities for researchers, as well as developing their expertise. In developing this argument, the article also explore the relationships between national policy changes, institutional research cultures and individual habitus and agency in research capacity-building. The paper also describes a new initiative in England, the Teacher Education Research Network (TERN).     

中国教育学领域研究人员科研绩效评价研究

本文运用Hirsch指数（简称h指数）方法以及与之相近的W指数方法,通过对中国知网（CNKI）中国引文数据库收录的教育学领域的37本学术期刊（这37本学术期刊是CSSCI来源期刊）在1998-2007年所刊发论文的被引用情况数据进行统计分析,对教育学领域1998—2007年10年间研究人员的科研绩效进行了评价,得到了“1998-2007年段中国教育学领域最具影响力的43位学者”,并对h指数与其他评价指标进行了相关性分析。分析结果表明,利用h指数来评价研究人员科研绩效,一定程度上可以反映“总被引频次”、“论文数量”、“篇均被引频次”三项指标的评价结果,可以说h指数是一项更为综合的评价指标。