综合国力与哲学社会科学成果

哲学社会科学成果与自然科学成果同样重要，哲学社会科学成果也是综合国力的体现，这是由哲学社会科学的地位所决定的，是由改革开放20多年坚持理论创新取得巨大成就的事实和中国历史史实所证明了的。而以美国为首的西方敌对势力推行的思想化渗透政策的巨大危害，又从反面证明了哲学社会科学成果对综合国力的影响。     

汉语"道歉"话语模式

道歉是交际中的一种补救性施事言语行为，也是一种礼貌的社会行为。其基本功能是为一项冒犯行为提供补救办法，恢复社会平衡与和谐。从语言形式来看，道歉具有语义句法程式化和规约化的普遍特征。本用语篇补全测试的问卷形式通过对汉语中道歉行为实施的调查、对所选策略进行了分类统计，结果表明道歉的话语模式包括多种策略和手段的组合，但策略的选用在很大程度上受到如权势、距离等因素的制约，说明道歉行为对化等因素的依赖。     

构建以学习为中心的远程开放教育管理机制

远程开放教育是利用网络技术、多媒体技术等现代信息技术手段开展起来的新型教育形式。在“人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点”工作之中,笔者发现远程开放教育的管理机制的改革调整势在必行。本文对远程开放教育管理模式、组织结构、教学策略等管理体制做了有益的探讨。     

One hundred and fifty years of sprint and distance running – Past trends and future prospects

Sprint and distance running have experienced remarkable performance improvements over the past century. Attempts to forecast running performances share an almost similarly long history but have relied so far on relatively short data series. Here, we compile a comprehensive set of season-best performances for eight Olympically contested running events. With this data set, we conduct (1) an exponential time series analysis and (2) a power-law experience curve analysis to quantify the rate of past performance improvements and to forecast future performances until the year 2100. We find that the sprint and distance running performances of women and men improve exponentially with time and converge at yearly rates of 4% ± 3% and 2% ± 2%, respectively, towards their asymptotic limits. Running performances can also be modelled with the experience curve approach, yielding learning rates of 3% ± 1% and 6% ± 2% for the women's and men's events, respectively. Long-term trends suggest that: (1) women will continue to run 10–20% slower than men, (2) 9.50 s over 100 m dash may only be broken at the end of this century and (3) several middle- and long-distance records may be broken within the next two to three decades. The prospects of witnessing a sub-2 hour marathon before 2100 remain inconclusive. Our results should be interpreted cautiously as forecasting human behaviour is intrinsically uncertain. The future season-best sprint and distance running performances will continue to scatter around the trends identified here and may yield unexpected improvements of standing world records.     

Determining optimal cadence for an individual road cyclist from field data

The cadence that maximises power output developed at the crank by an individual cyclist is conventionally determined using a laboratory test. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (i) to show that such a cadence, which we call the optimal cadence, can be determined using power output, heart-rate, and cadence measured in the field and (ii) to describe methodology to do so. For an individual cyclist's sessions, power output is related to cadence and the elicited heart-rate using a non-linear regression model. Optimal cadences are found for two riders (83 and 70 revolutions per minute, respectively); these cadences are similar to the riders’ preferred cadences (82–92?rpm and 65–75?rpm). Power output reduces by approximately 6% for cadences 20?rpm above or below optimum. Our methodology can be used by a rider to determine an optimal cadence without laboratory testing intervention: the rider will need to collect power output, heart-rate, and cadence measurements from training and racing sessions over an extended period (>6 months); ride at a range of cadences within those sessions; and calculate his/her optimal cadence using the methodology described or a software tool that implements it.     

从学校文化管理层面上提升高职学院图书馆的馆藏功能

教育作为人类文化传播的载体,是通过学校这个阵地来实现其功能的。学校图书馆是学校文化管理的基地。学校图书馆的馆藏应“虚”“实”结合,“藏”一切信息载体,应发挥它的新的服务功能,使图书馆的文化育人职能得以充分地展现。要采取有效措施,满足文化育人的要求,用文化因素塑造学校精神。     

中国现代远程教育质量论略

远程教育的教学质量应该由开展远程教育的机构、参加远程教育的学习者、社会来认可,而三者对教育质量的标准的认同必须统一。认定远程教育的质量标准是一项较为复杂的工作,需要经过科学研究,由国家权威部门制定或由行业制定国家认可的标准,同时由相关部门组成专家对开展远程教育的机构、学院进行经常性的评估。     

试论行政主体的再界定

本文回顾了行政主体理论的现状、困境、缺陷 ,以及当前我国行政法治的要求 ,认为对行政主体理论做出适当调整势在必行 ,并大胆设想对行政主体再界定 :分解为行政主体和行政权行使主体。     

建构远程开放教育中自主学习的模式

建构基于网络环境的自主学习模式对现代远程开放教育的教学理念和教学模式的改革意义重大。本文从建构主义理论出发,结合开放教育自主学习的特点,设计了包括交互式、协作式、个别化和自我监控学习过程在内的复合式自主学习模式。     

网络高等教育"春秋时代"的质量保证浅析

我国目前的网络高等教育还处于“春秋时代”,充满着活力、竞争和变革。但是,网络高等教育不得不面对教育质量这个日益突出而又亟待解决的问题。从招生定位、教学完善、考核标准以及文凭发放四个角度,分别论述了如何保证网络高等教育质量的问题。