The science literacy gap: A Karplus lecture

The great American experiment in mass higher education has failed completely in the sciences, where we have a small educated elite and an illiterate general public. Our graduate education in science is the best in the world, and contrary to the belief of some, we do not face a future shortage of scientists. However, the rest of our educational system is bad enough to constitute a threat to the ideal of Jeffersonian democracy. The Mechanical Universe, a video series produced by Caltech and aimed at high school physics teachers, is described. Although that project has been very successful, much more must be done. The educational infrastructure must be strengthened to the point where science can be taught gradually, throughout the school years and beyond. Furthermore, those of us who are professional teachers of science must become better teachers, both by increasing our own mastery of our subjects and by better understanding the difficulties our students have in learning science.Robert Karplus Memorial Lecture, Seattle, April 8, 1989     

人民币对美元汇率波动的实证检验

利用2005年7月21日至2007年12月28日的人民币对美元汇率波动数据,建立人民币对美元汇率波动的ARCH（1,0）模型,以说明人民币汇率走势的特征。并通过实证得出两个结论：一是人民币对美元汇率的波动严重依赖其前期波动,前期汇率数值会全部传导到本期;二是人民币汇率市场波动存在ARCH效应,即人民币汇率的时间序列具有波动异方差性。     

活动理论框架下的社会操作系统设计

伴随着web2．0技术的飞速发展,产生了移动学习、泛在学习、无缝学习等新的学习方式变革,预示着学习革命的新浪潮即将到来。新的学习方式的出现,需要一个设计良好的学习环境与工具的支持。出于这方面的原因,如何构建一个方便、高效的基于web2．0技术的社会性学习环境就成了当前研究的热点。本文以活动理论为指导,探讨社会操作系统的设计思想、方法及其概念框架。     

Authority and Authority Relations in Mathematics Education: A View from an 8th Grade Classroom

Compared to studies in general education, authority has received little attention in mathematics education, despite an increasing interest in sociological perspectives in mathematics classroom research. The subject of authority is particularly important in mathematics education, on the one hand, because of the immense authority mathematics itself seems to possess and pass on to its practitioners, but also, on the other hand, because of the anti-authoritarianism present, to some degree, in many trends in mathematics education such as cooperative learning approaches and constructivist pedagogies. Such an anti-authoritarian stance appears justified by data from an 8th grade mathematics classroom (supplemented with data from a second 8th grade classroom) which suggest that teachers possess immense authority in the eyes of the students and that this and other authority relations are strongly evident in the students non-reflective ways of interacting not only with their teachers but also among themselves. However, theoretical considerations on authority show that the problem may not be authority per se but the way one conceives the notion of authority, that there exist kinds of authority, such as Bennes anthropogogical authority, which can encourage reflective and also fruitful collaborative work.     

Renewed but not Redeemed: Revising <Emphasis Type="Italic">Elsie Dinsmore</Emphasis>

Elsie Dinsmore, the first book in a late 19th century childrens series, is unique because it had not been adapted, just reprinted, until 1999. It is also unique in the setting, the mythic Southern plantation life of the 1850s. The 1999 edition ameliorated what is now recognized as racist language based on the images of the minstrelsy tradition, though consonant with the views of the time period. However, the deep structure of the story—its dependence on the plantation myth, its belief in the basic inferiority of African Americans, and its acceptance of slavery as compatible with Christianity—is not changed. The new edition is a comment on the publishing industrys disregard of racial history and the importance of context for understanding literature.     

PL*公理体系的广义演绎定理

给出了相应于广义R0-代数的PL*公理体系的定义及PL*公理体系的若干重要性质．证明了PL*公理体系的[F]-定备性,最后给出了PL*公理体系中的广义演绎定理．     

Q_(p,0)空间与随机幂级数

通过研究复函数空间与随机幂级数fω(z),得到fω(z)几乎必然地属于Qp,0空间的充分条件。     

甲烷（煤矿井下）数据的采集方法

阐述了单片机在煤矿井下甲烷数据采集中的应用方法及其优缺点。     

加入WTO与高职教育的改革和发展

加入ＷＴＯ，我国经济发展面临新的形势，高职教育也面临新的机遇和挑战。要了解和掌握ＷＴＯ有关教育服务的规定，分析“入世”对高职教育带来的机遇和挑战，加快改革步伐，促进高职发展。