Empathy towards people of different race and ethnicity: Further empirical evidence for the Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy

The present study examined the generalizability of the factor pattern, structural parameters, and latent structure of a multidimensional hierarchical model of ethnocultural empathy in males and females. The Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy (SEE) (Wang et al., 2003) was administered to a sample of 610 Italian undergraduates to examine the generalizability and reliability of its factor structure across gender, the psychometric properties and the validity of the scale. Two models were tested through multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA): a confirmatory factor-analytic model that hypothesized a multidimensional model of ethnocultural empathy; and a structural equation model that proposed a multidimensional, hierarchical structure with global ethnocultural empathy as a superordinate construct that explained the covariances among the subdomains of the SEE. Both models satisfied multiple criteria for goodness-of-fit with the data. Full metric invariance of factor loadings and factor covariances, and partial invariance of error variances across gender for the four-factors model were supported. Scale reliability was also satisfactory, showing good internal consistency. As regard scale validity, evidence was found for a positive moderate association with a measure of general empathy and a negative high association with a measure of prejudice. Implications are discussed.     

The Value of Fiction as Management Training

ABSTRACT

Reading fiction can teach sophisticated management skills. The difference between paraliterary fiction that focuses on escaping reality and literary fiction that analyzes reality is important. All reading can help improve basic literacy including increased comprehension and reading speed. Intermediate skills provide the manager with specific lessons on how to manage. Advanced skills, obtained from reading literary fiction, include empathy, the ability to interpret and create sophisticated texts, and an increased possibility of recognizing the “truth” in any environment. Traditional business publications offer more direct training but often overlook the complexities that the experienced manager will encounter and overemphasize the possibilities for success.

Column Editor’s Note This JLA column will consider issues of education and training for management positions in libraries and other information organizations from the perspectives of both the provider and the recipient. The column will appear in odd-numbered issues of the journal and focus on management education/training at various stages of the individual's career including the effectiveness of these efforts, their content, and the specific challenges of teaching and learning within the field of librarianship. The column will address both theoretical and practical concerns. Prospective authors are invited to submit articles for this column to the editor at aa3805@wayne.edu.     

Being in the archive: affect and scholarly distance

Working in the archives of living writers provides exciting possibilities for extended interpersonal research as well as ethical challenges. This article explores the author’s experience of working in Helen Garner’s restricted archives and negotiating the demands of scholarly objectivity with an increasingly felt empathic engagement. The author traces a chronological path through the archives relating to Garner’s three substantial works of non-fiction: The First Stone (1995), Joe Cinque’s Consolation (2004) and This House of Grief (2014). She draws attention to some of the ways in which distance and objectivity can be influenced not only by contact with a living writer but also by the space in which the archive is encountered. With a deliberate focus on the lived experience of researching, rather than a scholarly examination of archival theory, the author offers a case study of how the interaction of archives and living subject can shape research and publication.     

英汉词汇选择及语用功能试析

在语言的实际使用中,一些语言表达形式的选用,除了表达一定的语义内容之外,还蕴含某些语用意义。在英汉语言中选用不同词汇形式可以表达不同的语用意义,语言使用者在英汉会话中如果能注意遵循赞同准则、褒扬准则、谦虚准则、数量准则和英汉“否定词”的语用功能,就能够达到更好的交际目的。     

语用环境中"语用词义"的形成理据分析

词的语用意义并非是漫无边际的拓展与延伸,它的变异性是有规律可循的,也是有理论根据的。其规律和理论根据主要表现为:词义系统自我控制的调适作用、语境解释功能的制约作用、心理机制深层诱导的转换作用、话语理解交际相关的推理作用。如此,才能形成一定语用环境中词语的语用含义,也使词汇的理解真正得以提升。     

从语用预设的角度分析美国情景喜剧《老友记》中的言语幽默

幽默丰富多彩,表现形式也多种多样。言语幽默是幽默的重要成分,多个领域的专家已经对此展开了研究。美国情景喜剧中的言语幽默是一个非常值得研究的语言现象。本篇文章以《老友记》为例,旨在从语用预设的角度分析言语幽默。     

美剧《越狱》对白语用分析

《越狱》是美国福克斯电视台于2005年推出的剧情类连续剧。该剧成功地展示了影视剧作叙事艺术的精髓。剧内对白为语用研究提供了丰富的语料，借助合作原则的理论对这些语料进行研究，不仅可以探索影视语言的语用与修辞特色，还有助于理解角色的成长以及进一步探究剧情矛盾发展的特征。     

英汉委婉语的语用功能和语义特征探析

委婉语是各种文化中都存在的一种表达形式。不同的社会背景、不同的历史文化会产生不同的委婉语。委婉语从独特的角度反映了一个民族的历史文化和风俗习惯。本文从委婉语的语用功能和语义特征两方面探讨英汉委婉语的文化内涵,揭示英汉语的文化差异及其委婉语反映的不同的民族性。     

基于情景喜剧的语用教学语料库建设初探

在简述基于情景喜剧的语用教学语料库的建库目的和用途的基础上,结合相关研究探讨了建库原则、实现步骤以及语料的采集、筛选、转写、标注等问题,并对语料库的预期价值作出展望。     

关联理论视角下词汇语用充实现象探究——以《爸爸去哪儿》主题歌词为例

词汇语用充实主要是研究词汇在特定语境中词义的语用收窄和语用扩充,关联理论认为人们对话语的理解就是寻求话语的最佳关联性,而对具体词汇进行语用收窄或者语用扩充都是利用百科知识、认知语境等对词汇理解进行语用充实并且获得所期待的最佳关联性.对《爸爸去哪儿》的主题歌词中特定词汇的触发进行语用推理后,发现对这些特定词汇不能直接进行原型解读,需要对其进行词汇语用充实后,才能更好解读歌词传递亲情为主题的交际意图.