性别角色与外语学习

性别角色与外语学习之间存在着内在的因果联系和规律,不同性别的个体在学习英语的过程中,在某种程度上表现出性别角色的区别。运用定量研究方法,调查研究了外语学习者在英语学习过程中认知能力、动机、策略、焦虑等非智力因素方面所存在的性别差异并探讨其原因,进而提出相关因性施教的策略,以期能为外语教学服务。     

人类学视野下的性别与权力——以贵州天柱县潘寨村为例

权力是资源配置的能力,资源配置的过程是靠性别来实现的,是通过权力与性别的作用来完成。在这一过程中,通过性别的互动整合,使权力不断被强化、被增大。与此同时,性别在促进权力分配合理化中不断被强化并发挥着不可替代的作用。以贵州天柱县潘寨村为例,探讨在同一生境中的这一村落在传统的角色定位中怎样在这个函数关系中通过性别的分工和相互整合由此获得社区权力的历程,维系着村落有序的发展。     

女性观照下的城市书写

城市一直是一个言说不尽的话题。近现代很多作家都以女性为视点塑造、想象城市的现状与个性,以女性来观照城市,书写城市。本文分析了三十年代的新感觉派,到张爱玲、王安忆,到贾平凹,到邱华栋、卫慧等作家笔下的女人与城市。     

部分柔道运动员不同性别角色间人格特征差异的调查研究

本研究采用《贝姆性别角色问卷》与《16种人格因素问卷》对柔道运动员男 2 8人 ,女 32人共 6 0人进行测试研究。结果发现不同性别角色类型柔道运动员在 16种人格因素中有 7种因素存在非常显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ;有 2种因素存在显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。这与以往不同性别间人格特征差异的调查结果存在不一致。     

Body Fatness and Motor Performance During Preadolescence

Abstract

Performance differences between males and females have been attributed to both biological and cultural factors, although the relative significance of each has not been ascertained. Differences in body fatness between males and females has been frequently mentioned as one biological factor responsible for variations in physical performance. In children, it has been shown that boys exhibit slightly higher performance levels than girls until adolescence, when the differences favoring the boys become greater. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between selected physical performance tests and body fatness in preadolescent boys and girls. Measures of age, height, weight, skinfold thicknesses at two sites, and performance scores on the vertical jump, standing broad jump, modified pullup, 40-yard dash, and 400-yard run were obtained on 563 elementary school children. The results of a one-way ANOVA indicated that there was a significant difference between boys and girls on all of the physical performance tests. Although the boys were slightly taller and heavier and scored better than the girls on the performance tests, there was no significant difference between the sexes in the sum of two skinfolds. Separate regression equations for the sum of two skinfolds by performance on each test indicated that, with the exception of the modified pullup test, body fatness was only marginally related to performance. These findings indicated that, although inversely related to the ability to move the total body weight, body fatness was of minimal importance in explaining performance differences between young boys and girls.     

性教育在西部普通高校体育与健康教育课程中开设现状的调查研究

采用文献资料法和问卷调查法，对西部10所普通高校大学生对性健康教育关心程度进行了调查研究。结果表明，很有必要在西部普通高校体育与健康课程中对大学生进行性教育。要树立正确的性观念，创建健康宽松的男女交往环境。体育教师要善于营造科学、宽松的性教育课堂氛围。     

民国时期学校“性教育”的基本特征及现实启示

民国时期性教育的实施是家庭、学校、社会共同努力的结果,但因当时的父母囿于旧道德观念的束缚,缺乏性教育所需知识,而社会又处于百废待兴的状态,性教育的重担自然落到了学校的肩膀上。整体而言,民国时期的学校“性教育”存在以下特征：在教育目的上,经历了从“教性”到“教养”的转变;在教育主体上,主张以“教师为主,医师为辅,父母配合”;在教育内容上,主张建立渗透式的泛课程体系,将性教育渗透进具体的课程中进行教授;在教育方式上,按照“分阶段、分性别、个别与团体相结合”的方式实行。分析民国时期学校“性教育”的特征,对现今我国学校“性教育”的发展具有启示意义。     

身体素质发展的年龄性别特征与体育教学训练

本文阐述了青少年儿童身体素质发展与年龄性别的关系。要求体育工作者，根据学生各种身体素质发展的敏感期和男女生的性别差异，抓住时机，有针对性地进行体育教学与训练。     

不同强度训练时男子摔跤运动员血清性激素和皮质醇的变化

研究了24名男子摔跤运动员不同强度训练课时性激素和皮质醇的变化。结果表明,短时间大强度训练课后血清睾酮、皮质醇没有变化;较长时间中等强度训练课后激素变化不明显,训练课后20小时(次日晨)上述指标与训练前比较也无差异,提示这样的训练没有造成体内激素平衡紊乱。在运动训练过程中,适时地监测这些指标,对于评定运动员身体机能和训练负荷以及训练后恢复情况有重要意义。     

The female human heart at rest and during exercise: A review

Abstract

Sexual dimorphism exists in numerous aspects of exercise physiology. One area that has long been debated is the potential of sex differences in cardiac structure and function. Anthropometric differences exist between males and females, and the relationship between absolute body size and cardiac structure dictate that men typically have larger hearts than women. However, increasing evidence suggests that males and females may also demonstrate different cardiac structure and function independent of body size, and it is likely that female sex hormones play a role in these differences. The purpose of this review is to draw together and examine the literature that has compared cardiac structure and function in men and women at rest and during exercise. We make specific reference to the influence of female sex hormones, and discuss the confounding effects of age and training status. Wherever possible, we provide conclusive remarks. Due to the paucity of data in this field, and general lack of consensus, the review concludes by making recommendations for future work.