Developmental discourses as a regime of truth in research with primary school students

While developmental discourses have been heavily critiqued in relation to education systems, less attention has been paid to how these impact the data collection process in classroom research. This article utilises Foucault’s concept of regime of truth to highlight the pervasiveness of developmental discourses when conducting research in primary schools. Such a theoretical framing makes explicit how developmental discourses work and are constructed as ‘truth’, which limit the possibilities for alternative perspectives. This article shows how this regime of truth works in practice by reflecting on qualitative research conducted with two age groups in two primary schools in Australia, focusing on the researcher’s navigations of these discourses. In particular, this article examines the impact of developmental discourses on conducting research with multiple age groups, initiating research, choosing methods for data collection, and negotiating power relations and ethical practices.     

提高培训目标层次建构现代培训模式--论现代中小学教师培训的目标、课程与组织

现代中小学教师培训应以强化持续发展能力为重点，与此相适应，就必须建立“四结合”的课程模式和多种形式优化组合的组织模式。     

学生课堂参与的影响因素及方法研究

学生的课堂参与度已成为新课标下评价优质课的重要尺度。因此,以学生为本,提供学生参与的平台,提升课堂参与度,从而提高课堂效率已是广大教师面临的核心任务。为此,在教育教学中,教师可从学习兴趣、教学方法、教学技巧等方面入手来提升学生课堂参与度。     

幼儿园课程中的家长参与和家长发展

家长是基本的教育者，也是幼儿园课程的重要参与者。本文讨论了家长参与幼儿园课程的层次，认为家长是幼儿信息的提供者、幼儿活动的督促者、幼儿园课程材料的提供者、幼儿园活动的参与者、幼儿经验的提供者、幼儿园课程的审议者、幼儿园课程的评价者，并提出了家长在幼儿园课程实施过程中得到发展的可能性和途径。同时，对家长参与课程的现状进行了理性的分析。     

Mathematical Modeling in the Primary School: Children's Construction of a Consumer Guide

This paper examines 6th grade children's local conceptual development and mathematization processes as they worked a comprehensive mathematical modeling problem (creating a consumer guide for deciding the best snack chip) over several class periods. The children and their teachers were participating in a 3-year longitudinal teaching experiment in which sequences of mathematical modeling problems were implemented from the 5th grade (10 years of age) though to the 7th grade. In contrast to traditional problem solving, mathematical modeling requires children to generate and develop their own mathematical ideas and processes, and to form systems of relationships that are generalizable and reusable. Reported here is a detailed analysis of the iterative cycles of development of one group of children as they worked the problem, followed by a summary of the mathematization processes displayed by all groups. Children's critical reflections on their models are also reported. The results show how children can independently develop constructs and processes through meaningful problem solving. Children's development included creating systems for operationally defining constructs; selecting, categorizing, and ranking factors; quantifying quantitative and qualitative data; and transforming quantities.     

中小学课程的改革与评价考试体系的完善

为了保证课程改革的成功,评价考试体系的改革必须同步进行。应辩证地看待传统的考试方法,批判地继承传统考试的优点,要充分利用课程改革的有利时机,对传统的中小学评价考试观进行改革,还要引进相应的现代评价考试理论和方法,树立以激励学生发展,发展学生专长的评价考试观,使用先进的评价考试技术方法,建立与课程改革相适应的评价考试体系,从而更好地促进课程改革的顺利进行。     

辛亥革命与中国政治现代化

辛亥革命具有政治现代化的特征,它是传统中国政治现代化的一种方式。辛亥革命推翻了东方的帝王专制,造就了中华民国,变更了中国政治统治的合法基础;在中国政治舞台上引进了国会、宪法和总统等西方的新制度文明,引起了政治结构的分化;开创了中国“宪政之治”的新传统,终结了传统中国“朝代国家”的型态,造成了政治文化的世俗化;彻底变革了传统社会的政治结构,增强了国家和社会的力量,带来了政治参与的扩大化。     

小学体育课适应学生兴趣差异教学探讨

个体差异是影响教学活动的一个重要因素。教师在培养学生体育兴趣的同时须正视学生的兴趣差异，在体育课中围绕教学目标，根据学生身心发展特点，创设情境，善用游戏，迎合学生兴趣。努力开设多样项目，开叟器材多种功能，创设丰富“玩法”，让学生自主选择，依兴趣自由组合，以满足学生兴趣需要和特长发展要求。还要通过因人而异的积极评价维护各水平段学生兴趣，促进学生终身体育锻炼意识不断增强。