生态生产力研究综述

生态生产力是在一定的背景下提出的。近十年来生态生产力研究在基本概念,研究方法,运行机理与模式等方面都取得一定的成果。生态生产力作为一门年轻的学科,还有更多的问题需要深入研究与探索。     

浅议独生子女与素质教育问题

中国庞大的独生子女群体已经对社会的各个方面产生了很大的影响。开展对独生子女与素质教育问题的研究有重要的现实意义。我们应该高度重视独生子女问题,认真调研,掌握实情,构建综合素质教育体系;要充分理解和关爱独生子女,实事求是,因势利导;要加强学校和家庭的沟通,发挥家庭教育的作用,全面做好独生子女素质教育工作。     

中国高校合并前后科研生产率动态变化的Malmquist指数分析

This paper describes the dynamic changes in research productivity of Chinese higher education institutions (HEIs) before and after merger with Malmquist index, and decomposes the total factor productivity change index into catching-up effect, scale effect and frontier-shift effect. The main finding is that technological improvement and innovation are important factors to improve scientific research productivity of Chinese HEIs. __________ Translated from Qinghua Daxue Jiaoyu Yanjiu 清华大学教育研究 (Tsinghua Journal of Education), 2007, 28 (1): 62–70     

改革开放：当代中国发展进步的理性选择

新中国成立后,以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人,在探索中国自己的生产力发展道路时,明确提出社会主义革命的目的是解放生产力,为生产力的发展创造社会条件。党的十一届三中全会以来,以邓小平为代表的中国共产党人在总结中国社会主义建设的历史经验尤其是“文化大革命”经验教训的基础上,作出了改革开放的历史性决策。30年来,中国共产党几代领导集体在理论和实践上对改革开放之路的探索,我国经济社会发展所取得的举世公认的伟大成就,充分证明了改革开放是当代中国发展进步的理性选择。     

Determinants of Research Productivity in Spanish Academia

This article aims to widen the empirical evidence about the determinants of Spanish academics’ publication productivity across fields of study. We use the Spanish Survey on Human Resources in Science and Technology addressed to Spanish resident PhDs employed in Spanish universities as academics. Productivity is measured as the total number of publications in a three‐year period. We show how personal and academic variables explain differences in productivity within universities and fields of studies and across fields of research. Female workers report lower productivity than their male counterparts, but family responsibilities do not explain this gender gap. The type of contract and tenure or rank do not seem to have any influence on productivity. Researchers seeking professional promotion rather than altruism or personal satisfaction are more productive and young scholars publish more than their older counterparts. Additionally, we find a certain research‐teaching trade‐off and some nuances in the predictors of publication productivity across birth cohorts and fields of study. Finally, international cooperation is one of the most relevant determinants of the number of publications, regardless of the birth cohort. The institutional context in the Spanish research system as regards requirements for promotion and the assessment of research outcomes may contribute to the understanding and interpretation of our results.     

邓小平以“人民利益”为基点的生产力观

邓小平的生产力观始终是以满足人民日益增长的物质化需要为出发点和最终目的的。人不仅是社会发展的动力，更是社会发展的目的。因此，邓小平强调必须立足人民利益的获得来思考如何发展和衡量生产力水平。可以说，邓小平的以人民利益为核心的生产力观既扩充了马克思主义的唯物史观，又赋予了其现实性和可行性特点。     

Does adviser mentoring add value? A longitudinal study of mentoring and doctoral student outcomes

This study of the impact of doctoral adviser mentoring on student outcomes was undertaken in response to earlier research that found (a) students with greater incoming potential received more adviser mentoring, and (b) adviser mentoring did not significantly contribute to important student outcomes, including research productivity [Green, S. G., and Bauer, T. N. (1995). Personnel Psychology 48(3): 537–561]. In this longitudinal study spanning 5 1/2 years, the effect of mentorship on the research productivity, career commitment, and self-efficacy of Ph.D. students in the ‘hard’ sciences was assessed, while controlling for indicators of ability and attitudes at program entry. Positive benefits of mentoring were found for subsequent productivity and self-efficacy. Mentoring was not significantly associated with commitment to a research career.     

关于劳动生产率影响商品价值量问题的思考

在传统的劳动价值理论中，劳动生产率作为影响商品价值量的重要因素，与单位商品价值量的关系成反比，已是理论界长期广泛应用的定论。但若深化对这一理论的研究，我们还能发现，从简单劳动和社会必要劳动时间这两个前提出发，我们完全能获得劳动生产率与单位商品价值量关系的另一解：劳动生产率的变化(提高或降低)，与劳动劳动量的支付能力成正比，与单位商品价值量的大小无关，与单位时间内商品的价值总量成正比。这一认识也是对商品价值量与劳动生产率间的真实关系的描述，这样的认识并不妨碍我们对传统经济理论的若干重要问题的理解，且可能提供出一个解释现代社会诸多经济现象的新视角。     

道德建设重在塑造社会生产力的德性

在现代化过程中，对经济利益的强烈愿望，往往引起对技术理性的偏爱，却漠视了道德理性。从静态看，似乎道德与生产力是分属于不同领域的。但在动态的社会中，道德缺失增大了市场交易成本，造成社会运行中的过高消费，使整体社会生产力只能处于一种低水平状态。有德性人格的社会生产力才会促进社会高效率的发展。     

生态工业园评价指标体系的建构

要保证生态工业园建设的发展方向，就需要建构一套结构设计合理、指标选择恰当的评价体系，以研究制度环境与生态工业园发展之间的互动关系，促进生态工业园建设的健康发展。