新世纪俄罗斯普通高中的教育改革:政策、措施与特点

21世纪以来,伴随国家整体发展局势的日趋稳定,俄罗斯教育领域的改革政策也逐步得到落实。侧重专业式教学改革和国家统一考试的试验与普及是近10年间俄罗斯在高中阶段展开的两项最重要的改革。本文对这两项改革的相关政策、具体措施、异同点及走向进行了评介与分析。     

Professionally present – highlighting the temporal aspect of teachers’ professional judgment

Novice teachers need to develop their professional judgment. Teaching is performed in the face of imperfect, complex but above all continuously emergent situations. These matters have not received adequate attention in theories relating to professional judgment and professionality in teaching or in the contemporary discourse of education policy. The purpose of this conceptual article is therefore to contribute to the understanding of teachers’ judgment. By discussing empirical examples that indicate how sensing and knowing guide judgment, concepts are introduced that are intended to further the understanding of teachers’ professional judgment; something that will hopefully benefit teacher education as well as practicing teachers.     

The Professional Status of Educational Research: Professionalism and Developmentalism in Twenty-First-Century Working Life

‘How helpful and how necessary is it for at least some of us to see ourselves as professional educational researchers?’ asked Donald McIntyre in his 1996 presidential address to the British Educational Research Association. Still pertinent to consideration of the direction in which the British educational research community ought to focus its development, this question is revisited through examination of whether or not educational research is a profession. Located within a sociological framework, the paper first examines some of the earliest work that established the sociology of professions as a field of study. It then compares this with recent work in the field, before considering whether or not – against the various criteria for professional status that these studies identify – educational research(ing) may be categorised as a profession. Using Noordegraaf’s three categories, the case is examined for considering educational research(ing) as a ‘pure’, a ‘hybrid’ or a ‘situated’ profession. The conclusion is that it represents none of these, but that, within the context of twenty-first-century working life, this is less important than the need for educational research to embrace a culture of developmentalism.     

“Betwixt and Between”: Leisure-time Teachers and the Construction of Professional Identities

In 2014, a newly formed group of teachers graduated from Swedish universities. In addition to their qualification as leisure-time pedagogues, their degree includes teaching practical/aesthetical subjects in compulsory school. This group of teachers thus has to relate to dual professional identities and to maintain a balance between the socially oriented leisure-time centres and a goal- and results-driven school. In this article we describe their first two years after graduation, trying to get hold of their negotiation of professional identities and orientation in the professional landscape. Results shows that the graduates try to balance own ideals and hybrid professional intentions against traditional professional identities and labour market conditions and that position in a liminal phase might be crucial for the outcome.     

PROFESSIONALISM, PROFESSIONALITY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION PROFESSIONALS

ABSTRACT:  What purpose is served by renovation or redesign of professionalism, and how successful a process is it likely to be? This article addresses these questions by examining the effectiveness as a professional development mechanism of the imposition of changes to policy and/or practice that require modification or renovation of professionalism. The 'new' professionalisms purported to have been fashioned over the last two or three decades across the spectrum of UK education sectors and contexts have been the subject of extensive analysis, and this article avoids going over old ground and revisiting issues that have already been much debated. Nevertheless, the example of UK government education policy during this period is used as a basis for considering the pitfalls associated with mechanisms for modifying professionalism through a reform and standards agenda. The article's analysis incorporates re-definition and examination of the concept and substance of professionalism and offers new perspectives in the form of three distinct conceptions: demanded, prescribed and enacted professionalism. Exploring the existentialist status of 'new' or 'modified' professionalisms and the relationship between professionality, professional culture and professionalism, it examines how professionalism may be interpreted and utilised for the development of education professionals.     

教师专业发展的本土理解——基于对132位中学高级教师的调查

本文通过对我国132位拥有中学高级职称教师的调查问卷分析,得出四个发现和结论:其一,教师对教师专业发展概念的理解与学界两者基本对应;其二,有一部分教师希望教师专业发展更多关注教师群体的专业性提升问题;其三,教师是否具有相关的专业精神被认为对教师专业发展更为重要;其四,教师对自我发展愿望和外在专业培训支持的重要性都有很高的认同度,但他们对两者重要性的认识并不存在相关性。     

我国排球联赛市场现状探析

采用献资料法，对我国排球职业联赛市场现状进行分析研究。肯定了排球联赛市场6年来所取得的成就，也指出了排球联赛市场还存在着俱乐部有名无实，联赛冠名没有引进竞争，球队吸引资金困难且数量较小，收视率和现场观众数量少，球员转会市场冷淡，媒体对联赛宣传力度不大等问题，并提出针对性建议。     

Changing policy contexts and teachers´ work-life narratives: the case of Estonian vocational teachers

ABSTRACT

In recent decades, the work of teachers worldwide has undergone deep change. We have seen that teachers have encountered recent challenges differently and adapted to educational changes to a different extent depending on their personal disposition, but also school leadership and workplace support. This study focuses on the example of Estonian vocational teachers that serves as an interesting case for analysing how the interplay of the transitional context and neo-liberal policy trends adopted since Estonia regained its independence in 1991, after 50 years under Soviet rule, have affected the individual trajectories of teachers’ lives. This paper aims to understand how the interplay of the institutional context and individual (work) lives shapes Estonian vocational teachers’ understandings of their work and professionality. We suggest that certain periods of practice are visible in teachers’ narratives and those periods might be considered as enabling different degrees of agency. However, our interviews also revealed that different reform periods have been perceived and responded to differently. In the context of 25 years of the educational reform process, the policies and requirements introduced have been refracted at different levels (Goodson & Rudd, 2017), including that of the vocational field, the schools and individual teachers. Our results confirm that teachers individual, social, cultural and material resources such as competence, career stage, relations and networks, school leadership and prevailing culture at schools have their role in enabling or hindering the agency of teachers.     

抓住教师教育实训课程提高基础教育师资质量——以楚雄师范学院初教院实训课程形态的构建与实验为个案

教师教育专业实训课程具有突出的专业性、综合性、体验性、互动性、创新性等特点。改革并构建教师教育专业实训课程形态有利于基础教育师资职业素养的培养，有利于未来教师适应基础教育课程改革和新课程标准教学，有利于师范生个体的专业技能、能力和专业情意的互相转化。教师教育专业实训课程主要有教师基本技能训练课、特长活动课、专业体验课、专业研究性学习课四种课程形态。     

Youth Practitioner Professional Narratives: Changing Identities in Changing Times

This paper examines youth practitioner professionality responses to neo-liberal policy changes in youth work and the youth support sector in the UK, from New Labour to Conservative-led administrations. Using a narrative inquiry approach, six early career practitioners explore and recount their experiences of moving into the field during changing political times. The narratives reveal differentiated responses to a climate of increasing managerialism and performativity but point to the value of narrative capital as a personalised resource.