Mitigating the Effects of Poverty and Crime: the Long-Term Effects of an Early Intervention Programme for Children who were Developmentally Delayed and Prenatally Exposed to Cocaine

This study explores the long-term impact on participation in the Linda Ray Intervention Program (LRIP) for children (n = 54) who were developmentally delayed and prenatally exposed to cocaine. By identifying a group of programme graduates from a high crime/high poverty neighbourhood in Miami-Dade County using ArcGIS 10.2 software, a quasi-experimental design was used to compare children living in this area who participated in the centre-based modality (5 h a day; 5 days a week) to children living in this area who participated in the home-based modality (3 h per week) on their Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) reading and math scale scores in public school. The children who participated in the centre-based modality reported stronger outcomes in both math and reading FCAT scale scores at the p < .05 level and also out-performed their school-age peers on both math and reading FCAT scores at the p < .05 level.     

间接干预的物价的微分方程模型

在已有物价模型的基础上,结合中国特殊的不成熟的市场经济环境,对原模型进行修改和补充,把货币供给量对物价的影响加进去形成了新的间接干预物价的微分方程模型.首先利用非线性微分方程相关理论讨论了模型的稳定性和分支等数学特征,然后通过数值模拟进一步分析验证,最后介绍了模型结果在经济意义下对物价分析的解释和应用.     

行为疗法与认知行为疗法干预幼儿多动行为的个案研究

本研究采用单一被试A-B-A-B式实验设计,将行为疗法和认知行为疗法相结合,采用差别强化、Time-out和自我指导等方法和策略,对被试在集体教学活动中出现的多动行为进行干预。研究结果表明,差别强化、Time-out和自我指导三种干预方法的结合,对减少幼儿多动行为的效果最为显著。     

The Effectiveness of the Responsive Teaching Parent-mediated Developmental Intervention Programme in Turkey: A pilot study

The case study was conducted to examine the feasibility of an early intervention curriculum called Responsive Teaching with two five-year-old children from Turkey who had significant developmental delays. This study determined whether Turkish mothers might be successful in learning to become more responsive to their children, and whether this would result in significant improvements in their children’s development. Both dyads received 28 individual parent–child intervention sessions which were conducted over a four-month period of time. Pre-, mid-, and post-assessments indicated improvements in the mothers’ responsiveness to their children and the children’s levels of engagement with their parents. There were also improvements in the children’s language and personal social development. Mothers reported that Responsive Teaching helped them learn to interact more effectively with their children and that this resulted in longer and more enjoyable interactions with them. Results from this investigation are discussed in terms of their implications for providing developmental services to preschool-aged children with disabilities in Turkey.     

盲生刻板行为研究综述

盲生刻板行为在某种程度上具有不良影响,一些行为不仅对于自身身体有一定伤害,而且对于其融入主流社会造成了一定阻碍.尤其在先天盲生及多重残疾盲生中,刻板行为的发生率更高.因此,盲生家长和教师必须重视这些行为.本文通过文献研究,从盲生刻板行为的概念界定、出现率、产生原因、不良影响、评估和干预等几个方面,对盲生刻板行为的相关研究进行了概述.     

体罚的社会文化基础、心理效应与干预机制

体罚是有意地直接或间接地引起受罚者的痛苦。体罚的广泛存在主要是由于施罚者的传统教育思想根深蒂固、缺乏有效的教育手段、教育方法简单化以及法律意识淡漠。体罚除了引起儿童的即时顺从以外,会造成对儿童的身体伤害,还可能导致儿童在道德内化、攻击、过失和反社会行为、亲子关系的质量、心理健康方面引起问题,而且这些效应会持续到成年期。因此,有效地遏制体罚,必须更新教育思想,树立平等民主的价值观,学会理性惩罚,建立家庭学校社区多元化监督机制。     

Unfolding Case‐Based Practicum Curriculum Infusing Crisis,Trauma, and Disaster Preparation

The authors evaluated an unfolding case‐based approach to a practicum in counseling course infusing crisis, trauma, and disaster preparation for changes in students’ crisis self‐efficacy across a semester. The course, informed by constructivist‐developmental pedagogy and centered on the unfolding case, resulted in significant increases in students’ crisis self‐efficacy.     

Language use in kindergarten science lessons: language production and academic language during a video feedback coaching intervention in kindergarten science lessons

This paper aims to gain insight into language production and academic language of 4- and 5-year-old students and their teachers in the course of a teacher intervention during kindergarten science education. The study is based on videotaped classroom observations, and specifically focuses on the academic language use of students (N_intervention = 18, N_controls = 26) and teachers (N_intervention = 5, N_controls = 5). The results suggest that this general teacher intervention yields interesting changes in language use and production. Patterns of change over time confirm the idiosyncratic and non-linear nature of these changes. Science lessons represent an appropriate context in which to acquaint students with academic language, which can be used as a basis to build upon more sophisticated language skills.     

Usefulness of cognitive intervention programmes for socio-emotional and behaviour problems in children with learning disabilities

Behavioural and emotional problems occur more frequently in children with learning problems than in a cross-section of the general population, both at home and at school. While behaviour problems reportedly are a key obstructive factor impeding inclusive education, children with both behavioural and learning disabilities carry a high risk of social exclusion and school dropout when they are in mainstream environments. Meta-analyses indicated only a moderate impact of social skills training. To see what kind of intervention programme would be effective in modifying cognitive as well as socio-emotional behaviour and at the same time focusing on contextual interaction and intervention, a pilot study has been carried out in Belgium with 11–13-year-old students with learning disability and behaviour problems in special schools. A total of 24 children in the experimental group were matched against a control group of 24. Children in the experimental group, after having received 14 lessons of FIE (Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment Programme), showed a marked increase in some cognitive functions (hypothetical thinking, perception and understanding of humour) but not in others. A significant effect on socio-emotional behaviour could not be shown quantitatively, but was evident from qualitative interviewing. The mediating attitude of the teachers was a key influencing factor in producing lasting changes. Programmes such as FIE, provided they address children as well as teachers in a comprehensive way, focusing on cognitive as well as socio-emotional behavioural changes, may become powerful instruments to help children as well as teachers in a highly differentiated inclusive school environment.     

延续性护理对脑卒中患者知信行的效果研究

目的:探讨延续性护理干预对脑卒中患者知信行(KAP)功能康复的效果。方法:选择我院神经内科收治的脑卒中患者110例,随机分为对照组和干预组各55例。对照组采用神经内科常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上联合延续性护理干预,通过对脑卒中患者的知识、态度及行为,比较两组的护理效果。结果对照组和干预组患者知信行问卷的总体得分,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过延续护理干预方式对脑卒中患者的知信行功能康复起到治疗作用,纠正不当的生活行为,提升日常生活能力,明显改善康复锻炼的依从性。