“互联网+”背景下大学生心理健康教育的“心”路径

文章针对高校心理健康教育课程教学设置学时少,无法满足大学生心理健康持续发展的“心”需要的问题,讨论了如何充分发挥新媒体的功能与特性,使新媒体能够成为大学生心理健康教育的“心”出路,开启网络心理健康教育的“心”时代。     

大学生心理素质水平与心理咨询

心理健康教育是大学生全面发展教育的重要组成部分,也是心理教育工作者实践中亟需解决的问题.本文比较了国内外不同学者提出的大学生心理健康标准,进而结合教学经验提出自己的看法,随后分析了大学生中普遍存在的一些心理问题,并提出心理咨询工作应坚持的基本原则.     

The role of task and ego-oriented climate in explaining students’ bright and dark motivational experiences in Physical Education

Background: A distinction is made in Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) between task-oriented (i.e. effort, intra-individual progress, and self-comparison) and ego-oriented (i.e. inter-individual progress and normative comparison) climates. Combining insights from AGT and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), studies in the PE context have shown that a task-oriented climate positively relates to need satisfaction, although the findings regarding the motivating role of an ego-oriented climate are inconsistent. Moreover, little is known about the role of task- or ego-oriented climates in explaining experiences of basic psychological need frustration.

Purpose: Grounded in AGT and SDT, the aim of the present study was to examine if experiences of basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration can explain why task- and ego-oriented climates elicit positive and negative motivational outcomes in PE, respectively.

Research design: Cross-sectional study.

Method: A sample of 524 secondary school students (51.1% boys, M_age?=?14.51; SD?=?1.81) from five different secondary schools participated in this study. Students reported on their perceptions of task- and ego-oriented climates, motivational regulations, basic psychological need satisfaction, and need frustration, as well as positive and negative outcomes in PE. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate our objective.

Results: We found that a task-oriented climate had a strong and positive relationship with basic psychological need satisfaction, eliciting a bright pathway to autonomous motivation and affective attitude. An ego-oriented climate was positively related to basic psychological need frustration, eliciting a dark pathway to amotivation and boredom. A negative cross-path from task-oriented climate to basic psychological need frustration was also found, while no significant cross-paths were found from ego-oriented climate to basic psychological need satisfaction.

Conclusions: This study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms that explain why task- and ego-oriented climates shape students’ motivational experiences in PE lessons. It is suggested that a task-oriented climate elicits a bright pathway towards more optimal functioning, because it fosters experiences of need satisfaction and buffers against experiences of need frustration. In contrast, an ego-oriented climate is primarily positively related to feelings of need frustration and negative motivational outcomes. Practical implications for PE teacher training are discussed.     

企业文化与知识型员工心理授权的关系研究

为了探讨激励知识型员工的有效途径,文章针对现有研究中的一些不足,提出了员工导向文化、任务导向文化对知识型员工心理授权影响的研究框架, 从理论上探讨了不同企业文化如何对知识型员工心理授权的内在状态及外在状态产生影响,以期为企业提高知识型员工的生产率提供理论指导。     

家庭环境影响青少年发展的模式与对策

家庭环境是影响青少年健康发展的重要因素。文章在梳理生态系统理论、发展情境理论、积极青少年发展理论三种青少年发展理论的基础上,综合考虑家庭环境因素、积极心理品质、人际关系和学校环境系统在青少年发展中的作用,构建了家庭环境影响青少年健康发展的理论模型,并相应提出促进青少年健康发展的教育对策与建议。     

创业环境和心理环境对大学生创业绩效的影响机制研究

大学生创业环境和心理环境对大学生创业绩效具有重要影响,自我效能感和创业韧性是创业者心理环境的两个重要组成部分。研究通过构建以创业环境为自变量,以自我效能感为中介变量,以创业韧性为调节变量,以创业绩效为因变量的理论分析模型,把杭州、宁波、金华等地大学生创业者作为调查样本进行了实证分析。结果显示:创业环境能显著预测创业绩效;自我效能感在创业环境与创业绩效之间起到显著的中介作用;创业韧性在“创业环境—自我效能感—创业绩效”关系链的后半段路径发挥调节作用,且高水平创业韧性调节效果更为显著。研究还从改善创业环境、提升创业者自我效能感和增强创业韧性等方面提出对策与建议。     

航海体育锻炼对航海专业的学生心理健康的影响

体育锻炼与心理健康之间关系的研究是当代体育运动心理学研究的热点问题之一。本文采用文献资料法,阐述了当前我国航海专业的大学生心理健康状况及航海体育锻炼对大学生心理健康的积极影响。航海体育锻炼是促进海上专业大学生心理健康,改善其心理状态,调节情绪的重要手段之一。     

试论篮球裁判员临场执法中心理调控的分析与对策

通过调查问卷和走访、咨询部分篮球界专家,结果发现裁判员在临场中的判罚尺度和准确性与裁判员的心理有直接的关系。裁判员的心理变化受到临场执法经验不足、篮球规则裁判法的掌握程度、情绪不稳定、自信心不足、职业道德等问题的影响,本文试对此进行分析并探究对策,希望能为今后篮球裁判员在执法中提高心理调控能力提供参考依据。     

优秀运动员竞技心理障碍分析及对策探讨

采取文献检索和调查访谈等方法分析了优秀运动员竞技心理素质的重要性、竞技心理障碍的表现及成因,探讨了排除竞技心理障碍的对策。     

巧避散打运动员的“克拉克现象”

随着散打运动的普及与发展,运动队和运动员之间的技术水平都比较接近,为避免运动员出现＂克拉克现象＂,在比赛中取得优异的成绩,我们应注重培养运动员的心理品质和抗干扰的能力。