美、俄生长军官培训体制比较

生长军官培养是军事人才培养的基础和重要组成部分,美、俄在生长军官培养方面积累了许多成功经验,形成了各具特色的做法。比较美、俄两国军队生长军官培训体制,参考借鉴其成功经验,对加强我军军事人才培养具有重要意义。     

唐后期的军赏运作

唐廷以逾于常时的军赏奖酬军功,加速了"安史之乱"的平定。其后,唐廷为了在藩镇林立的政治局面下维护统治权威,将与复杂政治、军事局面密切关联的军赏拓展为经济利益输送的工具,利用军赏着力建设中央嫡系武装——神策军,并在以"两税法"削弱了地方财权后,倚之加强对藩镇军政的控制。此外,唐廷还尝试以军赏配合政治运作绥靖河朔骄藩,并在强藩坐大时,以其维护朝廷的安全。     

Puppet play as interactive approach in drug abuse prevention

The national strategies of drug abuse prevention across Europe have come to recognise that the drugs abuse problem presents a complex set of issues of which there is no simple solution. There is a considerable increase in investment in prevention, treatment and harm-reduction activities and increased focus on supply reduction. School settings are the focus of most attempts to implement effective prevention programmes. Prevention in schools does not only focus on drugs alone, but also includes personal and social skills, often with family involvement and involvement of local community. The school is an ideal setting for drug abuse prevention and development of active and responsible attitudes against drug abuse. Successful school drug-prevention programmes include personal skills training （decision-making, coping and goal-setting）, social skills training （assertiveness, resisting peer-pressure）, drug education （knowledge about drugs and the consequences of taking them） and developing attitudes （especially correcting misconceptions about peer group drug use）. Effective drug education programmes incorporate a range of activities which provide students with relevant factual information, the opportunity to consider their attitudes and values, and the values of others. For effective delivery of prevention programmes, interactive teaching is better than didactic teaching alone. In that sense, the puppet play could be used as an interactive technique. Puppets help the students engage actively in communicating their emotions, opinions and experiences, and learn about the drug abuse problem. By the means of puppetry and dramatic play, the students may learn about drugs and the consequences of taking them.     

释宋太祖“今之武臣欲尽令读书”

宋太祖“今之武臣欲尽令读书”,着眼于提高禁军武将群体的文化素质,特别是对于儒家经典的相关修养,促使北宋武将群体由五代的“不知书”向儒学化方向转变,对皇权自觉效忠的程度大大加强。这是一种针对性很强的思路,从“疏导”的角度,为五代以来皇权与武将群体之间持续紧张关系的顺利调整,发挥了重要的作用。     

邓小平新时期军事法制思想述评

邓小平新时期军事法制思想是邓小平军事理论的重要组成部分，对我军新时期军队建设产生了极为深刻的影响。文章主要从重视军队法制建设及军事立法、执法、普法四个方面对邓小平新时期军事法制思想的核心内容进行了高度概括，并深入探讨了其巨大的理论价值和现实意义。     

对陆军初级指挥军官领导能力培养的思考

信息时代作战方式的变革和军队执行军事任务的多样化,对陆军初级指挥军官领导能力培养提出了新的要求。陆军初级指挥军官的领导能力是一种由多种能力素质构成的复合能力,包括洞察能力、决策能力、监督与控制能力、感召力、组织协调能力、沟通能力、创新能力、应变能力。陆军初级指挥军官领导能力培养是一项复杂的系统工程,需要院校从顶层设计、教学内容、教学方法、培养环境、制度机制和对外开放等各个方面,开展全方位、多层次的改革创新。     

投笔从戎：清末民初知识分子的一种职业走向解读

1901年清政府开始全面的革新运动——"新政",军事改革是这次改革的重头戏,由此导致社会对军人的极大需求。另一方面,科举制度的废除,中断了知识分子的晋升之路,由科举维系的知识分子的单一职业格局开始分化。在多元、复杂的分化过程中,大量知识分子一改过去"贱军"心理,积极投身军队,在社会上形成了从军热潮。造成这一局面的原因主要有三个:一是"学而优则仕"传统价值观的惯性影响;二是部队给予的优厚待遇成为吸引人才的另一个原因;三是"修身、齐家、治国、平天下"的传统道德观念的影响,使得许多人积极投身军队,为实现自己的理想寻求一种捷径。知识分子积极投身军队,对军队建设起了积极的推动作用,也改变了传统的社会风气,但也由此造成了军人干政的不利局面。     

罗马帝国的军队与君主制的确立

元首制的确立为罗马帝国带来两个世纪的和平与发展的黄金时代,但随着元首制缺陷的逐渐显露,军队随意废立元首,军事政变不断发生,军队成为国家真正的统治者和主宰者。戴克里先对政治体制进行新探索,为了加强君权,防止军队犯上作乱,确立了君主制,这标志着罗马帝国从元首制时期过渡到了君主制时期,成为晚期罗马帝国的开端。