Allocating Sample Sizes to Reduce Budget for Fixed-Effect 2×2 Heterogeneous Analysis of Variance

This article discusses the sample size requirements for the interaction, row, and column effects, respectively, by forming a linear contrast for a 2×2 factorial design for fixed-effects heterogeneous analysis of variance. The proposed method uses the Welch t test and its corresponding degrees of freedom to calculate the final sample size in a 2-step procedure. The simulation results show that the proposed sample size allocation ratio can minimize the sampling cost, while at the same time the designated power is achieved. The article concludes with a discussion to reiterate the importance of sample size planning, especially for testing the iteration effect.     

桂北方言帮、端母的次浊化现象

根据现已公开发表的材料整理了帮、端母次浊化现象的读音类型,并结合湘南土话、粤北土话的情况,对各种现象出现的语音条件和时间顺序作了一些粗浅的分析。     

Teacher training for secondary education and graduates’ entrance into the teaching profession

This study focuses on the relationship between teacher education and graduates’ intended and actual entrance into teaching. Moreover, it explores how this relationship differs for two types of initial teacher training for secondary education. A hypothetical model of graduates’ entrance into the teaching profession comprising empirically grounded variables was developed. Besides teacher education related variables, other factors (e.g., motivation and labour market) were included. Data for this study were based on a sample of 370 graduates qualified for teaching in secondary education. Logistic regression analysis indicates that intention to enter teaching, preparedness for teaching, employment opportunities and type of teacher training explain 43% of the variance in actual entrance into teaching. Furthermore, path analysis was applied to test the hypothetical pattern of (inter)relationships between the variables. Results are largely consistent across the two types of teacher training showing a small, although statistically significant, contribution of teacher education above other antecedents of graduates’ intention to enter teaching.     

传统媒介传播效果衰减成因探析——基于信息社会学的视角

信息社会形成的严重问题最为显著的就是传统媒介传播效果衰减的问题。深入分析传统媒介传播效果衰减的成因,可以概括为四个方面：即变迁性置换、过密性冲淡、结构性萎缩、集中性削弱。     

论大学创新团队的增效机制

大学创新团队建设是建设高水平大学的重要举措。在建设大学创新团队的实践中,目前人们似乎更注重创新团队数量的拓展,而对创新团队增效机制的研究还缺乏认真的关注。在建设大学创新团队的实践中,明确的共同愿景是创新团队聚合增效之基,达成心理契约是创新团队耦合增效之力,提倡头脑风暴是创新团队激智增效之道。     

多媒体环境中课堂教学效果影响因素识别与分析

为提高多媒体环境中课堂教学效果,首先从传播学角度构建多媒体环境中课堂教学效果影响因素体系,然后运用DEMATEL方法对所有可能因素进行关联性分析。根据综合影响指数排名,识别影响课堂教学效果的主要因素,并据此提出相关建议,以期提高教学效果,为课堂教学整合、优化和持续发展等提供借鉴。     

从口译的记忆机制论口译记忆效果的改善

口译中的记忆对口译的成败起着至关重要的作用。通过考察口译的记忆机制,分析了影响口译记忆效果的因素,探讨如何通过对信息的组块,信息的逻辑化和视觉化,丰富长时记忆等途径有效地改善口译记忆的效果。     

Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on Dynamic Properties of Concrete

To study the dynamic properties of the concrete subjected to impulsive loading,stress-time curves of concrete in different velocities were measured using split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB).Effects of temperature and strain rate on the dynamic yield strength and constitutive relation of the concrete were analyzed.The dynamic mechanical properties of the reinforced concrete are subjected to high strain rates when it is at a relatively low temperature.But with temperature increasing,the temperature softening effect makes the strength of the concrete weaken and the impact toughness of the concrete is saliently relative to strain rate effect.So,strain rate effect,strain hardening and temperature softening work together on the dynamic mechanical capability of concrete and the relation between them is relatively corn plex.     

提高课堂教学质效的有力举措：自然分材教学

自然分材教学,通过普读、补读、知者先行等可操作性举措切实保证针对学生的差异进行教学,意在使优生更优,差生转优,是提高教学质效的举措。     

蔡格尼克效应与课堂教学中的留白

新课程改革给传统的教学观念带来巨大的冲击,越来越多的中小学教师开始动态化地处理课堂教学,更多地关注学生学习的自主性和课堂教学的能动性。当课堂得到真正还原后,许多在教师意料与掌控之外的变化就被激活了。因此,教师常常需要面对教学任务不能当堂完成的情况,但“未完成的教学课”却往往拥有良好的教学效果。良好的课堂成效当然是多种因素综合作用的结果,但在众多因素中,有一种心理机制起着非常重要的作用,即“蔡格尼克效应”（又称“未完成效应”）。本文试图阐释这种心理机制的教学意义及实施效果。