Development of evidence-based,student-learning-oriented rubrics for pre-service science teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge

ABSTRACT

This paper offers pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) rubrics, that is, guides providing criteria for grading that are potentially applicable to a range of science topics and levels of teacher experience. Grading criteria applied in the rubrics are based on qualitative analyses of planned topic-specific professional knowledge (TSPK) and content knowledge (CK). Data were collected via three topic-specific vignettes from 239 pre-service science teachers (PSTs) starting a university-based, full-time, one year teacher education programme in England. The statements were analysed for TSPK and CK. PSTs’ statements proposed instructional strategies comprising demonstrations, explanations, illustrations and analogies, classified as Relevant to the science topics, others Irrelevant. Some Relevant strategies missed an aspect that may, if enacted, help students’ learning, so were judged Incomplete. Statements were also analysed for evidence of relevant and correct CK. CK and TSPK statements are aligned into grids, creating PCK rubrics. These demonstrate the precise nature of knowledge likely to lead to instruction that impacts positively on student learning. The rubrics present the possibility of PCK repertoires that contribute clarity and precision to teaching instruction. Although findings cannot be generalised, the methodology offers a strategy for supporting out-of-field teachers, and those seeking instructional strategies to add to existing repertoires.     

Forging developmental relationships in the Grow Your Own Teacher Program

In the Grow Your Own Teacher (GYOT) program, an initiative developed by a university located on Long Island, New York, and funded by a congressionally-directed grant, a diverse cohort of 11th grade low-income students were financially, academically, and emotionally supported in their goal of becoming math or science teachers in predominantly high needs local school districts. In this article, the formation and solidifying of the developmental relationships, which underscored this intensified mentoring effort, were examined. Throughout the selection and implementation phases of the GYOT program, data were collected from multiple sources from both the secondary and post-secondary levels and analyzed to illuminate the organizational structures, activities, and techniques, the relationship-building elements, which enabled these students to flourish and successfully address personal challenges in acquiring a college degree.     

论访谈在质的研究中的应用

在教育研究的方法中，质的研究已成为了一种新趋向，其最大的特点在于收集资料的方法包括了访谈等多种非量化形式。好的访谈有利于提高质的研究的有效性，确保教育研究的质量与成效。访谈前应作好充分的准备，在访谈过程中善于利用提问、倾听等技巧，并恰当使用非言语行为。     

Breaching ethics for the sake of a “good” interview

This essay presents a series of short stories – autoethnographic tales from the field – about my experiences as a female (qualitative) researcher studying humor in male-dominated workplaces in 2014. I conducted over thirty ethnographic interviews with professional hair stylists and barbers throughout Phoenix, Arizona and Sacramento, California to better understand the discursive processes by which humor is gendered in non-corporate organizations. While in the field, however, I encountered more than I bargained for. The study participants (male and female) openly engaged in humorous dialogue including: verbal critiques of my body/sexuality, sexual harassment, suggestive innuendos, physical touch, and outright heterosexist humor. After reflecting on my experiences, I realized how institutional resources (e.g. Institutional Review Board) and protocols function to protect research participants yet do little to ensure the safety, security, and/or comfort of researchers.     

Embodied moments: revisiting the field and writing vulnerably

In this essay, I revisit past dissertation fieldwork to interrogate the presence and absence of my pregnancy in performances and textual accounts. I return to time spent in the former Yugoslavia working with the Swedish organization Kvinna till Kvinna (Woman to Woman) and their local partner organizations. Through a series of brief flashbacks, I work through ongoing moments of tension surrounding reflexive research, emerging subjectivities, and vulnerable writing. This essay contributes to conversations on how feminist ethnographers locate themselves within the field in relation to participants and on reflexivity as an evolving practice that expands across temporal and spatial boundaries.     

用户在线知识付费行为影响因素研究

[目的/意义] 互联网时代背景下知识付费成为一种全新的信息交互模式,对用户在线知识付费行为影响因素进行研究,将有助于人们进一步认识用户在线知识付费行为,为知识付费平台持续吸引用户和优化在线知识供给行为提供参考和建议。[方法/过程] 借助质性分析软件NVivo 11,选取18个样本作为半结构化访谈对象,对获取的访谈原始资料进行定性分析,提炼出用户在线知识付费行为的7个主要影响因素,分别是个体需求、个体认知、信息质量、主观规范、便利条件、替代品、经济因素。[结果/结论] 对研究结果进行分析发现,个体需求是用户在线知识付费行为最重要的影响因素,信息质量是影响用户在线知识付费行为的关键所在,个体认知和主观规范是用户在线知识付费行为重要的影响因素,便利条件和替代品是用户在线知识付费行为较为重要的影响因素,相对不重要的影响因素是经济因素。     

The perspective of six Malaysian students on playing video games： Beneficial or detrimental？

This study provides a glimpse into understanding the potential benefits as well as harm of playing video games from the perspective of six Malaysian secondary school students, aged 16-17 years old. The rationale of the study is to enable parents, educators, administrators and policy makers to develop a sound understanding on the impact of playing video games before making any judgment on the contemporary youth culture. Thus, further decision on the acceptance of video games as a new innovation in school or at home could be considered. Although this study is not very extensive, the findings suggest that playing video games contributes to cognitive, social, motivational and emotional development. However, potential harms do exist. Parents play an important role in guiding their children either directly or indirectly, as indicated by the respective students. Caution is advised in the interpretation of the study＇s findings as it is solely based on the perspectives of the students, as the first person＇s views. Nevertheless, each student has their very own perspective on the impact of video games on them.     

人本心理学体验研究方案评析

人本心理学体验研究方案是人本心理学家所发展的具体研究方法,有着自己独特的内涵、特征、研究过程与意义.它关注研究者自身体验的因素分析,并以此获得对某种体验的认识.体验研究方案与其他人本心理学研究方案一道使人本心理学方法论不再流于理论倡导,而是融入到个人经验研究的具体实践,丰富、增进了心理学的质化研究方法.在未来,它尚需在进一步澄清自己认识论上所存在的矛盾之处,并需以辩证唯物主义实践观看待人的本质,确立心理学的整合视野.     

一类微分方程模型的定性分析

对一类生物种群的微分方程模型进行了定性分析,利用微分方程的稳定性理论,分析了两个种群并存的条件.